Gorayeb v. Commissioner of Social Security et al
Filing
20
ORDER adopting 18 Report and Recommendations and plaintiff's 19 Objections are overruled. Order denying plaintiff's 13 Motion for Summary Judgment and granting defendant's 16 Motion for Summary Judgment. This matter is stricken from the docket. The Clerk is directed to enter a separate judgment in favor of the defendant. Signed by Chief Judge John Preston Bailey on 11/23/11. (jss)
IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
FOR THE NORTHERN DISTRICT OF WEST VIRGINIA
ELKINS
CLAUDIA S. GORAYEB,
Plaintiff,
v.
Civil Action No. 2:11-CV-36
(BAILEY)
MICHAEL J. ASTRUE,
Commissioner of Social
Security,
Defendant.
ORDER ADOPTING REPORT AND RECOMMENDATION
On this day, the above-styled matter came before the Court for consideration of the
Report and Recommendation (“R&R”) of United States Magistrate Judge James E. Seibert
[Doc. 18] and the defendant’s Objections thereto [Doc. 19]. Pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §
636(b)(1)(C), this Court is required to make a de novo review of those portions of the
magistrate judge’s findings to which objection is made. However, failure to file objections
permits the district court to review the R&R under the standards that the district court
believes are appropriate, and under these circumstances, the parties’ right to de novo
review is waived. See Webb v. Califano, 468 F.Supp. 825 (E.D. Cal. 1979). Accordingly,
this Court will conduct a de novo review only as to those portions of the R&R to which the
plaintiff objected. The remaining portions of the R&R will be reviewed for clear error. As
a result, it is the opinion of this Court that the R&R should be ADOPTED.
1
Background
On April 27, 2011, the plaintiff filed her Complaint [Doc. 1] seeking judicial review
of an adverse decision by the Commissioner of Social Security pursuant to 42 U.S.C. §§
405(g) and 1383 (c)(3). Pursuant to the Local Rules, this case was referred to Magistrate
Judge Seibert for a recommended disposition. On August 12, 2011, and October 12, 2011,
the plaintiff and the defendant filed their respective motions for summary judgment [Docs.
13 & 16]. In support of her motion, the plaintiff asserts three claims of error on the part of
the Administrative Law Judge (“ALJ”). In his brief in support of the motion, the defendant
responds to each claim and argues that the ALJ’s decision is supported by substantial
evidence.
First, the plaintiff asserts that the ALJ erred by failing to attribute proper weight to
the opinions of the treating sources and improperly used his own lay opinion [Doc. 13 at
3-6]. Second, the plaintiff asserts that the ALJ erred by failing to have a medical expert at
the hearing to provide testimony [Id. at 6]. Third, the plaintiff asserts that the ALJ erred by
eliciting testimony from the vocational expert with an incomplete hypothetical [Id. at 7].
In response, the defendant argues that, with regard to the first alleged error, “the
ALJ considered and properly weighed all of the medical evidence provided by Plaintiff’s
medical sources and the State agency psychologists” [Doc. 17 at 1]. With regard to the
alleged second error, the defendant argues that medical expert testimony was not required
at the hearing because the “record contained sufficient medical evidence of the severity
and resulting functional limitations of [the Claimant’s] impairment . . .” [Id.]. The defendant
argues that, with regard to the third alleged error, “the hypothetical questions that the ALJ
posed to the vocational expert at the hearing were supported by the overall medical
2
evidence in the record” [Id.]. As such, the defendant argues that the ALJ’s decision is
“supported by substantial evidence” and “should be affirmed” [Id.].
On October 24, 2011, Magistrate Judge Seibert recommended that the plaintiff’s
motion for summary judgment be denied and the defendant’s motion for summary judgment
be granted [Doc. 18 at 23]. With regard to the first alleged error, the magistrate judge
concluded that the “[c]laimant has [not] identified which source is a ‘treating source’ [that]
should have been given more weight” [Id. at 17], “the ALJ had good reason for not giving
weight to the assessment completed by Mr. Stoll . . .” [Id. at 19], and the “ALJ was not
substituting his opinion for those of others, [but] merely resolving a conflict in the evidence,
as the law requires him to do” [Id.]. In addition, with regard to the second alleged error, the
magistrate judge found that the “ALJ did not interpret the medical data himself, without an
expert, but was relying upon the results and conclusions made by the State officials” [Id.
at 20]. Furthermore, the magistrate judge concluded that, with regard to the third alleged
error, the “ALJ did not pose any improper hypothetical to the [vocational expert]” and the
“Claimant has failed to point to any specific limitation that was not included in the
hypothetical to the vocational expert . . .” [Id. at 22]. The magistrate judge also found that
the ALJ “explained why he was crediting the State Agency in deciding what limitations to
include in the hypothetical” [Id.].
Applicable Standards
I. Judicial Review of an ALJ Decision
Judicial review of a final decision regarding disability benefits is limited to
determining whether the findings are supported by substantial evidence and whether the
correct law was applied. See 42. U.S.C. § 405(g). “The findings . . . as to any fact, if
3
supported by substantial evidence, shall be conclusive.” Richard v. Perales, 402 U.S.
389, 390 (1971); Coffman v. Bowen, 829 F.2d 514, 517 (4th Cir. 1987). The phrase
“‘supported by substantial evidence’” means “‘such relevant evidence as a reasonable mind
might accept as adequate to support a conclusion.’” See Perales, 402 U.S. at 401 (citing
Consolidated Edison Co. v. NLRB, 305 U.S. 197, 229 (1938)). Substantial evidence
“consists of more than a mere scintilla of evidence[,] but may be somewhat less than a
preponderance . . ..” Laws v. Celebrezze, 368 F.2d 640, 642 (4th Cir. 1966). Thus, “[i]t
is not within the province of a reviewing court to determine the weight of the evidence; nor
is it [the court’s] function to substitute [its] judgment . . . if [the] decision is supported by
substantial evidence.” Id. (citing Snyder v. Ribicoff, 307 F.2d 518, 520 (4th Cir. 1962)).
Ultimately, it is the duty of the ALJ reviewing a case, and not the responsibility of the courts,
to make findings of fact and to resolve conflicts in the evidence. King v. Califano, 599
F.2d 597, 599 (4th Cir. 1979). “This Court does not find facts or try the case de novo when
reviewing disability determinations.” Id.; see also Seacrist v. Weinberger, 538 F.2d 1054,
1056-57 (4th Cir. 1976); Hays v. Sullivan, 907 F.2d 1453, 1456 (4th Cir. 1990).
II. Five-Step Evaluation Process
To determine whether a claimant is disabled, the ALJ considers the following fivestep evaluation process:
Step One:
Determine whether the claimant is engaging in substantial
gainful activity;
Step Two:
Determine whether the claimant has a severe impairment;
Step Three: Determine whether the claimant has a listed impairment (20
C.F.R. Part 404, Subpart P, Appendix 1) and conduct a
Residual Functional Capacity (“RFC”) assessment;
4
Step Four:
Consider the RFC assessment to determine whether the
claimant can perform past relevant work; and
Step Five:
Consider the RFC assessment, age, education, and work
experience to determine whether the claimant can perform any
other work.
See 20 C.F.R. § 404.1520(a)(4) (2011).
Discussion
In her Objections [Doc. 18], timely filed on November 3, 2011, the plaintiff takes
issue with the analysis of the magistrate judge. The Court will address these objections as
they relate to each of the plaintiff’s claims of error discussed above. In so doing, the Court
will determine, de novo, whether any claim of error necessitates a finding that the ALJ’s
decision is not supported by substantial evidence.
A.
ALJ’s Assignment of Weight to the Opinion of the Treating Physician
and ALJ’s Own Lay Opinion
1. Assignment of Weight to the Opinion of the Treating Physician
In her motion, the plaintiff asserts that the ALJ failed to assign proper weight to the
opinion of the treating physician [Doc. 13 at 3-4]. The magistrate judge rejected this
assertion [Doc. 18 at 16-19]. The plaintiff objects to the magistrate judge’s conclusion
[Doc. 19 at 1-3]. The plaintiff argues that the “ALJ did not fully and fairly develop the
[mental RFCs] provided by the State Agency psychologist” [Id. at 1-2]. The plaintiff further
argues that the magistrate judge’s “analysis of who exactly is [the plaintiff’s] treating source
is inconsistent and the record is not full and fairly developed on the issue as to why the ALJ
did not give controlling weight to [the plaintiff’s] treating sources” [Id. at 2–3]. For the
reasons set out below, and those more fully stated in the R&R, this Court OVERRULES
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the plaintiff’s Objections insofar as they relate to the ALJ’s consideration of the assignment
of weight to the opinion of the treating physician.
In evaluating the opinions of treating sources, an ALJ must generally give more
weight to the opinion of a treating physician because the physician is most able to provide
“a detailed, longitudinal picture” of a claimant’s alleged disability. See 20 C.F.R. §
404.1527(d)(2). Nevertheless, a treating physician’s opinion is afforded “controlling weight
only if two conditions are met: (1) that it is supported by clinical and laboratory diagnostic
techniques and (2) that it is not inconsistent with other substantial evidence.” Ward v.
Chater, 924 F.Supp. 53, 55 (W.D. Va. 1996); see also 20 C.F.R. § 404.1527(d)(2) and 20
C.F.R. § 416.927(d)(2).
If the ALJ determines that a treating physician’s opinion should not be accorded
controlling weight, the ALJ must then analyze and weigh all the evidence of record, taking
into account the factors listed in 20 C.F.R. § 404.1527(d)(2)-(6). These factors include: (1)
length of the treatment relationship and frequency of evaluation, (2) nature and extent of
the treatment relationship, (3) supportability of the opinion, (4) consistency between the
opinion and the record as a whole, (5) whether the treatment source is opining within his
or her specialization, and (6) any other factors that tend to support or contradict the opinion.
20 C.F.R. § 404.1527(d)(2)-(6). In addition, the regulations state that the Commissioner
“will always give good reasons in [the] notice of determination or decision for the weight
[given to the] treating source’s opinion.” § 404.1527(d)(2). In this regard, Social Security
Ruling 96-2p provides that those decisions “must be sufficiently specific to make clear to
any subsequent reviewers the weight the adjudicator gave to the treating source’s medical
6
opinion and the reasons for that weight.” SSR 96-2p, 1996 WL 374188, *5 (1996).
The plaintiff argues that the “ALJ did not fully and fairly develop the mental RFCs
(MRFCs) provided by the State Agency psychologist” [Doc. 19 at 1]. The plaintiff further
argues that the magistrate judge’s “analysis of who is [plaintiff’s] treating source is
inconsistent[,] and the record is not fully and fairly developed on the issue as to why the
ALJ did not give controlling weight to [plaintiff’s] treating sources” [Id. at 2-3]. The plaintiff
states that the treating sources include various individuals at Northwood Health System
(“Northwood”) [Id.].
Among the individuals at Northwood who met with the plaintiff is Mr. Sean T. Stoll
[Tr. 365-379]. Mr. Stoll has a bachelor’s degree in traditional Chinese medicine and met
with the plaintiff once [Tr. 378]. As such, the magistrate judge notes that he is not a
specialist and did not have a long treatment relationship with the plaintiff [Doc. 18 at 18].
Mr. Stoll noted that the plaintiff has marked impairment in social, interpersonal, and family
functioning [Tr. 376]. However, the ALJ noted that he “afford[ed] significant weight to the
State Agency psychologists [because] they are consistent with the record as a whole” [Tr.
22]. One State Agency assessment indicates that it “seems that [plaintiff] would retain the
mental-emotional capacity to perform simple unskilled work-related activities in a low
demand/slow paced setting” [Tr. 273]. Another State Agency assessment indicated that
the plaintiff “appears to retain sufficient mental capacity to perform simple 1-2 step routine
and repetitive work-like activities in a low demand/pressure setting with limited expectations
for social interactions with coworkers, supervisors or the general public” [Tr. 299]. These
statements are consistent with Dr. Marilyn N. Brady, Ph.D., a psychologist who found that
Plaintiff showed attention and concentration, had coherent thought processes, and could
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function with extra effort [Tr. 281-82]. Dr. Brady is also among the “treating sources” at
Northwood alleged by the plaintiff in her Objections [Doc. 19 at 2].
In this case, the plaintiff alleges that various individuals at Northwood are treating
sources. Even if the ALJ were to accept the assumption that these individuals are treating
sources, the ALJ is not required to give controlling weight to these sources where the ALJ
finds that the physician’s opinion is inconsistent with other substantial evidence. See
Ward, 924 F.Supp. at 55; 20 C.F.R. § 404.1527(d)(2); and 20 C.F.R. § 416.927(d)(2). In
this case, the ALJ considered the factors in 20 C.F.R. § 404.1527(d)(2)-(6) and provided
reasons for weight given to the physicians’ opinions pursuant to Social Security Ruling 962p. See Tr. 22. As such, this Court finds that the ALJ’s assignment of weight of the
opinions is supported by substantial evidence and hereby, OVERRULES, the plaintiff’s
objections on this point.
2.
ALJ’s Own Lay Opinion
In her motion, the plaintiff asserts that the ALJ improperly used his own lay opinion
[Doc. 13 at 4-7]. The magistrate judge rejected this assertion [Doc. 18 at 19]. The plaintiff
objects to the magistrate judge’s conclusion [Doc. 19 at 3-4]. The plaintiff argues that the
magistrate judge “incorrectly determined the ALJ was not substituting his own opinion for
those of others” [Id. at 3] and “was ‘merely resolving a conflict in the evidence as the law
requires him to do’” [Id. at 4, quoting Doc. 18 at 19]. For the reasons set out below, and
those more fully stated in the R&R, this Court OVERRULES the plaintiff’s Objections
insofar as they relate to the ALJ’s alleged use of his own lay opinion.
As stated above, section 404.1527 of the regulations governs an ALJ’s consideration
8
of the medical opinion given by a treating source. See 20 C.F.R. § 404.1527(d). That
regulation defines “medical opinions” as “statements from physicians and psychologists or
other acceptable medical sources that reflect judgments about the nature and severity of
[the] impairment(s), including . . . what [the claimant] can still do despite impairment(s) . .
..” 20 C.F.R. § 404.1527(a)(2). The regulations further explain that “acceptable medical
sources” are licensed physicians, licensed or certified psychologists, licensed optometrists,
licensed podiatrists, and qualified speech-language pathologists. See 20 C.F.R. §
404.1513(a)(1)-(5). Finally, the regulations provide that a medical source statement about
what a claimant can still do despite his or her impairment(s) should be “based on the
acceptable medical source’s findings” that are supported by a combination of medical
history, clinical findings, laboratory findings, diagnoses, and prognoses.
See §
404.1513(b); see also SSR 96-5p, 1996 WL 374183, *4 (“Medical source statements are
medical opinions submitted by acceptable medical sources.”) (citing § 404.1513(a) and 20
C.F.R. 416.913(a)).
The plaintiff argues that the magistrate judge “incorrectly determined [that] the ALJ
was not substituting his own opinion for those of others” [Doc. 19 at 3] and “that the ALJ
. . . was ‘merely resolving a conflict in the evidence as the law requires him to do’” [Doc. 19
at 4, quoting Doc. 18 at 19]. The plaintiff argues that the “ALJ substitutes his own lay
opinion determining the claimant immediately improved in April 2008, despite direct
contradictory evidence [from] the state agency psychologist, claimant’s treating psychiatrist
and therapist, and without the support of substantial evidence” [Doc. 19 at 3].
On January 25, 2008, Jim Capage, Ph.D., conducted a psychiatric review of the
plaintiff. See Tr. 257-70. He noted that the plaintiff’s “impairments and their accompanying
9
functional limitations are severe” [Tr. 269]. However, he projected that the impairments
“will not continue to meet the [l]istings for a year” and that the plaintiff would be capable of
substantial gainful activity by November 2008 [Id.]. The plaintiff relies upon a notation by
James Bartee, Ph.D., from a May 9, 2008, report as evidence contradicting the ALJ’s
conclusion that the plaintiff had improved in April 2008 [Doc. 19 at 3]. The May 9, 2008,
report states that the plaintiff had no change in activities of daily living from the initial review
[Tr. 313]. As such, the plaintiff argues that the ALJ substituted his own opinion for those
of others [Doc. 19 at 3].
However, the plaintiff’s argument overlooks the fact that evidence in the record
supports the ALJ’s conclusion. An April 17, 2008, report and a July 17, 2008, report state
that the “patient is making progress” [Tr. 344 and 316]. Moreover, the April 17, 2008, report
states that the plaintiff achieved a reduction in symptoms to a level of functioni[ng] that
does not interfere with daily life” [Tr. 355]. As such, this Court finds that the ALJ did not
substitute his own lay opinion for those of others when stating that the plaintiff improved in
April 2008. Moreover, plaintiff’s argument that the ALJ should have recontacted plaintiff’s
treating sources or sought the opinion of a medical expert under 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1512(e)
and 416.912(e) fails [See Doc. 19 at 4]. Sections 404.1512(e) and 416.912(e) are relevant
only where “ the evidence . . . is inadequate . . . to determine whether [the claimant is]
disabled . . ..” See 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1512(e) and 416.912(e). Moreover, it addresses
recontacting a medical source where there is a “conflict or ambiguity that must be resolved”
within a report from that medical source, not when the record contains conflicting reports.
See id. Therefore, this Court finds that consideration of the evidence is supported by
substantial evidence and hereby, OVERRULES, the plaintiff’s Objections insofar as they
10
relate to the ALJ’s alleged use of his own lay opinion.
B.
ALJ’s Failure to Have a Medical Expert at the Hearing to Provide
Testimony
Second, the plaintiff asserts that the ALJ erred by failing to have a medical expert
at the hearing to provide testimony [Doc. 13 at 6]. The magistrate judge rejected this
assertion [Doc. 18 at 19-21]. The plaintiff objects to the magistrate judge’s conclusion
[Doc. 19 at 4-6]. The plaintiff argues that the magistrate judge “incorrectly concluded that
the ALJ did not err in failing to have a medical expert provide testimony at the hearing” [Id.
at 4]. For the reasons set out below, and those more fully stated in the R&R, this Court
OVERRULES the plaintiff’s Objections insofar as they relate to the ALJ’s failure to have a
medical expert at the hearing to provide testimony.
The Hearings, Appeals and Litigation Law Manual (“HALLEX”) is a “manual in which
the Associate Commissioner of Hearings and Appeals conveys guiding principles,
procedural guidance and information to the Office of Hearings and Appeals (OHA) staff.”
Melvin v. Astrue, 602 F.Supp.2d 694, 699 (E.D. N.C. 2009). HALLEX I-2-5-34B states
that an ALJ must obtain a medical examiner’s opinion “to evaluate and interpret
background medical test data.” Under HALLEX I-2-5-14D, “[e]ven if background medical
test data are not required, if a report raises a question about the accuracy of the medical
test results reported . . ., the ALJ may ask the source to submit the background medical
test data . . .. [I]nterpretation and evaluation of the background medical test data would
require a medical expert.”
The plaintiff argues that the magistrate judge “incorrectly concluded that the ALJ did
not err in failing to have a medical expert provide testimony at the hearing” [Doc. 19 at 4-6].
11
The plaintiff argues that the magistrate judge did not evaluate her arguments under
HALLEX I-2-5-34A, which provides circumstances under which an “ALJ may need to obtain
[a medical expert’s] opinion . . ..” [Id. at 4]. The plaintiff argues that the “ALJ incorrectly
resolved conflicts in the evidence himself using his lay opinion when he should have sought
the opinion of a medical expert” as provided in HALLEX I-2-5-34A [Id. at 5] “to determine
the continuing severity of claimant’s impairments rather than relying on his own lay opinion”
[Id. at 6].
However, the ALJ was not attempting to evaluate and interpret background medical
test data in this case and, therefore, was not required to admit medical expert testimony.
See HALLEX I-2-5-34B (2005). Moreover, the regulations do not contain a requirement for
medical expert testimony at hearings and specifically state that the use of a medical expert
is discretionary. See 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1527(f)(iii) and 416.927(f)(iii). This Court finds that
the ALJ was not required to obtain a medical expert opinion under HALLEX I-2-5-34B.
Moreover, the plaintiff’s arguments under HALLEX I-2-5-34A fails.
HALLEX I-2-5-34A
provides a list of situations in which an ALJ may need to obtain a medical expert opinion.
HALLEX I-2-5-34A (2005)(emphasis added). Such medical expert opinion is discretionary
unless it involves the “interpretation and evaluation of the background medical test data .
. ..” HALLEX I-2-5-14D. Because the ALJ was not interpreting and evaluating background
medical test data, no medical expert opinion was required. As such, this Court finds that
the ALJ’s decision to not have a medical expert at the hearing is supported by substantial
evidence and the plaintiff’s objection on this issue is hereby OVERRULED.
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C.
ALJ’s Elicitation of Testimony From the Vocational Expert With an
Incomplete Hypothetical
Finally, the plaintiff asserts that the ALJ erred by eliciting testimony from the
vocational expert with an incomplete hypothetical [Doc. 13 at 7]. The magistrate judge
rejected this assertion [Doc. 18 at 21-23]. The plaintiff objects to the magistrate judge’s
conclusion [Doc. 19 at 6-7]. The plaintiff argues that the magistrate judge “incorrectly
concluded that the ALJ did not err in eliciting tesimony from the vocational expert with an
incomplete hypothetical” [Id. at 6]. For the reasons set out below, and those more fully
stated in the R&R, this Court OVERRULES the plaintiff’s Objections insofar as they relate
to the ALJ’s elicitation of testimony from the vocational expert with the use of hypothetical
questions.
The regulations define a claimant’s RFC as “the most [a claimant] can still do despite
[his or her] limitations.” See 20 C.F.R. § 404.1545(a)(1). In assessing a claimant’s RFC,
an ALJ will consider “all of the relevant medical and other evidence,” such as ”any
statements about what [the claimant] can still do that have been provided by medical
sources . . ..” § 404.1545(a)(3). This includes statements about the claimant’s ability to
“perform certain physical demands of work activity, such as sitting, standing, walking, lifting,
carrying, pushing, pulling, or other physical functions . . ..” § 404.1545(b). Upon formulating
a claimant’s RFC, the ALJ must determine whether a significant number of jobs exist in the
national economy that have requirements which the claimant is able to meet despite his or
her RFC. See § 404.1566(b). In so determining, the ALJ may use the services of a
vocational expert, who may offer expert testimony in response to a hypothetical question
about whether a person with the claimant’s RFC can meet the demands of his or her past
13
relevant work or other suitable work in the national economy. See §§ 404.1560(b)-(c) and
404.1566(e). Such a hypothetical question “must fairly set out all of the claimant’s
impairments, [but] need only reflect those impairments supported by the record. Russell
v. Barnhart, 58 Fed. Appx. 25, 30 (4th Cir. 2003) (citing Chrupcala v. Heckler, 829 F.2d
1269, 1276 (3d Cir. 1987)). In addition, such a “hypothetical question may omit non-severe
impairments, but [they] must include those that the ALJ finds to be severe. Id. (citing
Benenate v. Schweiker, 719 F.2d 291, 292 (8th Cir. 1983)). Moreover, an ALJ has “great
latitude in posing hypothetical questions and is free to accept or reject suggested
restrictions so long as there is substantial evidence to support the ultimate question.”
Koonce v. Apfel, 166 F.3d 1209, *5 (4th Cir. 1999) (citing Martinez v. Heckler, 807 F.2d
771, 774 (9th Cir. 1986)).
The plaintiff argues that the magistrate judge “incorrectly concluded [that] the ALJ
did not err in eliciting testimony from the vocational expert with an incomplete hypothetical”
[Doc. 19 at 6-7]. The plaintiff argues that “the ALJ committed error by not using medical
expert testimony when formulating his hypothetical” [Id. at 6] and “evaluat[ing] the
continuing severity of claimant’s impairments . . .” [Id. at 7].
In this case, the ALJ posed four hypothetical questions to the vocational expert. The
first one involved a hypothetical person with the same age, education, and intelligence as
the plaintiff; it also included a limitation of no high production rates and only simple, routine,
one to three step tasks with minimal contact with the general public and occasional contact
with co-workers and supervisors [Tr. 69-70].1
1
The second one included the further
The ALJ posed the following question to the Vocational Expert:
I want you to assume that the Claimant is not limited from an exertional
14
limitation of minimal contact with co-workers and supervisors as being defined as ten
percent or less of the workday [Tr. 71-72].2 The third one included the limitation of being
off task two hours out of an eight hour workday [Tr. 72].3 The fourth one included a further
limitation of being absent from work three days a month due to impairments [Tr. 73].4 None
standpoint, but would be limited to doing - - wouldn’t be able to do jobs that
would require high production rates such as assembly work or high sales
quotas such as telemarketing sales, jobs that would be simple, routine, one
to three step tasks and jobs that would require no more than minimal contact
with the general public and occasional contact with co-workers and
supervisors. Would there be any full-time, unskilled jobs such a hypothetical
person could do in the local or national economy with those limitations?
[Tr. 69-70].
2
The ALJ then posed the following hypothetical question to the Vocational Expert:
I want you to assume a hypothetical individual the same age, education and
work experience as the Claimant with no physical limitations, but be limited
as I previously gave you, but with further limitation that the individual would
only be able to have minimal contact with co-workers and supervisors, and
again defining that as 10 percent or less of the workday. Would there be any
full-time, unskilled jobs such a hypothetical person could do in the local or
national economy with those limitations?
[Tr. 71-72].
3
The ALJ asked the Vocational Expert the following hypothetical question:
All right. I want you to assume a hypothetical individual the same age,
education and work experience as the Claimant, wouldn’t be limited from a
physical standpoint, but due to the individual’s impairments would be off task
two hours out of an eight hour workday. Would there be any full-time,
unskilled jobs such a hypothetical person could do in the local or national
economy with those limitations?
[Tr. 72].
4
The ALJ asked the Vocational Expert the following hypothetical question:
The same question, different limitation. Due to the individual’s impairments
the individual wouldn’t be limited exertionally, but would be absent from work
three days a month due to the individual’s impairments. Would there be any
full-time, unskilled jobs such a hypothetical person could do in the local or
national economy with those limitations?
[Tr. 72-73].
15
of the hypothetical questions were formulated with the assistance of a medical expert [Tr.
69-73].
Furthermore, when addressing the weight that he gave to the evidence, the ALJ
stated that
[t]he claimant’s nearly immediate improvement after getting custody of her
daughter in April 2008 with a return to part-time work, the stopping of
medication and treatment within two to three months of getting custody, and
a report of no symptoms at her last appointment, combined with the lack of
treatment for nearly a year, her work activity, her use of alcohol, her
conflicting statements as to when she last used cocaine, and her conflict with
the law once again all serve to detract from the credibility of the claimant’s
statements.
[Tr. 22]. The ALJ also explained that he “afford[ed] significant weight to the opinions of the
State Agency psychologists [because] they are consistent with the record as a whole” [Tr.
22].
As previously stated, this Court finds that the ALJ did not err in failing to admit expert
medical testimony. As such, the ALJ was not required to use a medical expert when
formulating his hypothetical questions to the vocation expert. See HALLEX I-2-5-14D and
I-2-5-34A-B. Moreover, the ALJ properly supported his reasons for discrediting certain
limitations and not presenting them to the vocation expert. As such, this Court finds that
the ALJ’s decision to pose hypothetical questions to the vocational expert without the
assistance of a medical expert is supported by substantial evidence and hereby
OVERRULES the plaintiff’s objection on this issue.
Conclusion
Upon careful consideration, it is the opinion of this Court that the magistrate judge’s
Report and Recommendation [Doc. 18] should be, and hereby is, ADOPTED. Further, the
16
plaintiff’s Objections [Doc. 19] are OVERRULED. Therefore, this Court ORDERS that the
defendant’s Motion for Summary Judgment [Doc. 16] is hereby GRANTED and the
plaintiff’s Motion for Summary Judgment [Doc. 13] is hereby DENIED. Accordingly, this
Court hereby DENIES and DISMISSES the plaintiff’s Complaint [Doc. 1] and ORDERS that
this matter be STRICKEN from the active docket of this Court. The Clerk is directed to
enter a separate judgment in favor of the defendant.
It is so ORDERED.
The Clerk is directed to transmit copies of this Order to all counsel of record.
DATED: November 23, 2011.
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