Mazariegos v. Paquin et al
Filing
35
ORDER signed by Judge Rudolph T. Randa on 3/10/2014. 16 MOTION to Seal Documents DENIED. 17 MOTION for Summary Judgment DENIED. Court will hold evidentiary hearing to resolve factual issues regarding whether Plaintiff has exhausted administrative remedies. Prior to scheduling the hearing, parties to submit status report to the Court on or before 3/31/2014. See Order for details. (cc: all counsel, via US mail to Luis Mazariegos at Kettle Moraine Correctional Institution)(cb)
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
EASTERN DISTRICT OF WISCONSIN
LUIS FERNANDO MAZARIEGOS,
Plaintiff,
-vs-
Case No.
13-CV-397
JOHN PAQUIN, J. ALDANA,
DR. APPLE, M. HOWARD,
GARY HAMBLIN, CAPTAIN GEEGEAR,
LT. MIKLE, and NANCY PADGETT,
Defendants.
DECISION AND ORDER
The plaintiff, Luis Fernando Mazariegos, a Wisconsin state prisoner, filed this
pro se civil rights action pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983. He is proceeding on an Eighth
Amendment claim based on complaint allegations that the defendants failed to protect him
from gang members after he was forced to help prison officials obtain information about a
gang within the prison. The defendants have filed a motion for summary judgment for
failure to exhaust administrative remedies. For the reasons stated herein, the defendants’
motion will be denied.
PRELIMINARY MATTER
The defendants have filed a motion to seal documents. In conjunction with
their motion for summary judgment, they move to file under seal Exhibits 1002, 1004, 1006,
1007, and 1008; Defendants’ Proposed Findings of Fact; and Affidavit of Nancy Padgett.
The defendants assert that they seek to seal the documents out of an abundance of caution
because the documents set forth the plaintiff’s allegations that other inmates have threatened
him for various reasons. The defendants also assert that if the plaintiff has no objection to
the above-mentioned documents being filed without a seal, they will withdraw the motion.
On November 6, 2013, the plaintiff filed a response in which he requests that the documents
not be sealed. Accordingly, the Court will deny the defendants’ motion to seal.
SUMMARY JUDGMENT STANDARD
“The court shall grant summary judgment if the movant shows that there is no
genuine dispute as to any material fact and the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of
law.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(a); see also Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 248
(1986); Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 324 (1986); Ames v. Home Depot U.S.A.,
Inc., 629 F.3d 665, 668 (7th Cir. 2011). “Material facts” are those under the applicable
substantive law that “might affect the outcome of the suit.” See Anderson, 477 U.S. at 248.
A dispute over “material fact” is “genuine” if “the evidence is such that a reasonable jury
could return a verdict for the nonmoving party.” Id.
A party asserting that a fact cannot be or is genuinely disputed must support
the assertion by: “(A) citing to particular parts of materials in the record, including
depositions, documents, electronically stored information, affidavits or declarations,
stipulations (including those made for purposes of the motion only), admissions,
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interrogatory answers, or other materials; or (B) showing that the materials cited do not
establish the absence or presence of a genuine dispute, or that an adverse party cannot
produce admissible evidence to support the fact.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(c)(1). “An affidavit or
declaration used to support or oppose a motion must be made on personal knowledge, set out
facts that would be admissible in evidence, and show that the affiant or declarant is
competent to testify on the matters stated.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(c)(4).
FACTS 1
The plaintiff was confined at Racine Correctional Institution (“RCI”) from
October 25, 2005, until October 24, 2012. He is currently confined at Kettle Moraine
Correctional Institution.
Defendant Nancy Padgett is employed by the Wisconsin Department of
Corrections (“DOC”) as an Operation Program Assistant at RCI. In that capacity, she is the
custodian of inmate complaints filed by RCI inmates. Defendant Padgett also has access to
records generated and/or maintained at the institution which pertain to RCI inmates.
The DOC maintains an Inmate Complaint Review System (“ICRS”) in
Wisconsin adult correctional facilities. The purpose of the ICRS is to afford inmates a
process by which grievances may be expeditiously raised, investigated, and decided. See
Wis. Admin. Code Ch. 310. Defendant Padgett has diligently searched and examined the
regularly conducted business records of her office, specifically with respect to inmate
1
Relevant facts are taken from the Defendants’ Proposed Findings of Fact and the Plaintiff’s Response to
the Defendants’ Proposed Findings of Fact.
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complaints and appeals filed by the plaintiff at RCI. (Padgett Aff. ¶ 7.)2 During the course
of her search, defendant Padgett found that the plaintiff submitted four offender complaints
with the Institution Complaint Examiner (“ICE”) relating to the issues that are the subject
matter of this lawsuit. Three offender complaints were returned to him with instructions for
correcting problems with the complaints. The fourth offender complaint, RCI-2011-4765,
was accepted by the ICE office and processed. (Padgett Aff. ¶ 9, Exs. 1001-1002.)3
The plaintiff submitted an offender complaint on April 13, 2010, complaining
that he was being harassed by other inmates who were in the Latin Kings gang. On April
13, 2010, the offender complaint was returned to him, and the return letter indicated as
follows:
Your complaint materials received on 04/13/2010 are being
returned because:
-Complaints must be typed or written legibly on forms supplied
for that purpose [DOC 310.09(1)(a)].
-Other, see comments below.
The issue cited in this complaint is moot as the persons cited are
currently not in the system.
Note each page of a complaint needs to be completed on the
2
The plaintiff disputes that defendant Padgett diligently search the record regarding inmate complaints. He
avers that some of the complaints he filed were ignored by prison authorities. (Pl. Decl. ¶¶ 10, 29, 31, 35, 47.)
However, whether some of the plaintiff’s offender complaints or appeals were ignored when submitted does not
affect whether defendant Padgett subsequently searched the business records. Thus, this fact is undisputed.
3
The plaintiff disputes this proposed fact and asserts that those grievances were not the only ones he filed.
However, the other offender complaints cited by the plaintiff, RCI-2011-5065 (Pl. Decl. ¶ 31, Ex. Z) and RCI-201122960 (Pl. Decl. ¶ 47, Exs. 11, 15), are not relevant to his claims in this case.
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proper DOC-400 form.
According to the Warden’s records no correspondence was
received from you regarding this issue. The ICE would direct
you to follow up with the Security Director Mr. Aldana or
Captain Wiegand with any of these concerns.
(Padgett Aff. ¶ 12, Ex. 1006 at 3.)
The plaintiff disagrees with the reasons provided for returning his offender
complaint. According to the plaintiff, he did legibly write the complaint on the proper form.
The plaintiff also asserts that he contacted and tried to resolve the issue with the Warden,
Security Director Adana and Captain Wiegland prior to filling the grievances, as indicated
on the complaint. (Pl. Decl. ¶¶ 2-11, Ex. F.)
The parties dispute whether the plaintiff resubmitted the offender complaint.
According to the defendants, he did not resubmit the offender complaint. (Padgett Aff. ¶ 13,
Exs. 1001, 1006.) The plaintiff avers that he did resubmit the offender complaint. (Pl. Decl.
¶ 10.)
The plaintiff submitted Offender Complaint RCI-2011-4765 on March 4, 2011,
complaining that he was harassed and humiliated by another inmate on the Walworth Unit.4
The ICE recommended that the offender complaint be dismissed. The reviewing authority
accepted the ICE’s recommendation and dismissed Offender Complaint RCI-2011-4765 on
April 4, 2011. (Padgett Aff. ¶ 17, Ex. 1002 at 1-7.)
4
The plaintiff initially submitted this offender complaint on February 27, 2011. It was not filed until April
4, 2013.
5
The parties dispute whether the plaintiff filed an appeal to the Corrections
Complaint Examiner (“CCE”) following the dismissal of RCI-2011-4765. According to the
defendants, the plaintiff did not appeal the reviewing authority’s dismissal of Offender
Complaint RCI-2011-4765 to the CCE. (Padgett Aff. ¶ 18; Ex. 1002.) The plaintiff avers
that he did file an appeal to the CCE. (Pl. Decl. ¶ 29.)
The plaintiff submitted an offender complaint on October 27, 2011,
complaining that he was being harassed by the gang members of the Surenos gang. (Padgett
Aff. ¶ 19; Ex. 1008 at 1-2.) The offender complaint was returned to the plaintiff the same
day, with a return letter stating as follows:
Your complaint materials received on 10/27/2011 are being
returned because:
-Before this complaint is accepted you need to attempt to resolve
the issue by contacting Security Director Aldana [DOC
310.09(4)].
-Other, see comments below.
-The ICE is also directing you to provide this office with written
documentation of your attempts to resolve the issue as directed.
Written documentation means responses to interview requests
and other written responses from the staff contacted.
-If you have attempted to resolve the issue through the person(s)
indicated above and have not been able to do so after a
reasonable amount of time, you may resubmit your complaint
for processing by this office within 14 days of the date of
incident.
Unit Manager Howard advised me that he is aware of your
claims. However, this is not a unit issue. This is an issue to
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address directly with the Security Director.
(Padgett Aff. ¶ 20, Ex. 1008 at 3.) The plaintiff asserts that he did contact Security Director
Aldana in an attempt to resolve the issue prior to filing the complaint and that the grievance
indicated as such. (Pl. Decl. ¶¶ 32-34, Ex. 2.)
The parties dispute whether the plaintiff resubmitted the grievance. The
defendants aver that he did not resubmit the offender complaint. (Padgett Aff. ¶ 21, Exs.
1001, 1008.) The plaintiff avers that he did, but that the ICE “completely ignored” it. (Pl.
Decl. ¶ 35.)
On March 22, 2012, the plaintiff submitted a Request for Corrections
Complaint Examiner Review to the CCE indicating the following:
There is a serious problem with your complaint system at this
facility. I have requested assistance from the Warden – then I
contacted Dan Westfield – both a waste of my time and further
I placed my safety in danger.
I then contacted Congresswoman G. Moore and Senator L.
Taylor through my family. They in turn contacted the Secretary
G. Hamblin. The problem still remains, so I filed an inmate
complaint to start the process for A-AZ.U.S.C.
This facility sends my complaints back for one excuse or
another, nothing which has to do with 310 policy.
Now I am coming to you to resolve the issue. I do believe I can
show the courts from all my copies I have tried to exhaust all my
Administration Remedies.
Simple – I was forced into helping R.C.I. staff through Cap.
Geegear and Lt. Mikle to solve the Surenos gang problems. I did
this; this gang found out. Since then I have been beaten a
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number of times. Broken bones, etc.
Staff do nothing.
(Padgett Aff. ¶ 25, Ex. 1004 at 1-2.) The CCE received the Request for Corrections
Complaint Examiner Review on March 26, 2012.
On March 29, 2012, the Request for Corrections Complaint Examiner Review
was returned to the plaintiff, and the return letter indicated as follows:
The Corrections Complaint Examiner cannot address your
complaint submitted on DOC-405 Offender Complaint Review
form. The issues you have raised are not governed by s. DOC
310.16(4) of the Wis. Adm. Code and therefore cannot be
addressed by the CCE.
Offender complaint issues are raised at the institution level first
and then if you are dissatisfied with the appropriate reviewing
authority decision, you may within 10 calendar days after the
ARA decision submit an appeal to the CCE for an appeal
review.
Offender complaint submissions and offender complaint appeal
submissions are held to the filing requirements within DOC
Chapter 310 of the Wis. Adm. Code. Offender complaints and
offender complaint appeals are processed in accordance with
DOC Chapter 310.
(Padgett Aff. ¶ 26, Ex. 1004 at 3.)
The plaintiff asserts that the Request should not have been returned to him.
According to the plaintiff, the complaint directly to the CCE was appropriate because RCI
was ignoring and unjustifiably returning grievances he filed. (Pl. Decl. ¶¶ 44, 46.)
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ANALYSIS
The defendants contend that this action should be dismissed because the
plaintiff failed to exhaust his available administrative remedies. They argue that the plaintiff
did not properly exhaust his administrative remedies on the claims alleged in this lawsuit.
The plaintiff contends that the defendants rendered administrative remedies
unavailable when they gave him the runaround, frustrated his ability to file grievances, and
failed to respond to grievances and appeals he filed. According to the plaintiff, there is a
factual dispute as to whether he filed grievances, whether the defendants intentionally gave
him the runaround deeming remedies unavailable, and whether he requested review of
rejected grievances or appealed dismissed grievances.
The Prison Litigation Reform Act provides in pertinent part that “[n]o action
shall be brought with respect to prison conditions under section 1983 of this title, or any other
Federal law, by a prisoner confined in any jail, prison, or other correctional facility until such
administrative remedies as are available are exhausted.” 42 U.S.C. § 1997e(a). Exhaustion
of administrative remedies is a condition precedent to suit. Dixon v. Page, 291 F.3d 485, 488
(7th Cir. 2002) (citing Perez v. Wis. Dep’t of Corrs., 182 F.3d 532, 535 (7th Cir. 1999)).
Section 1997e applies to “all inmate suits about prison life, whether they involve general
circumstances or particular episodes, and whether they allege excessive force or some other
wrong.” Porter v. Nussle, 534 U.S. 516, 532 (2002). The PLRA exhaustion requirement
requires “proper exhaustion,” meaning that a prisoner must complete the administrative
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review process in accordance with the applicable procedural rules, including deadlines.
Woodford v. Ngo, 548 U.S. 81, 88, 93 (2006); see also Pozo v. McCaughtry, 286 F.3d 1022,
1025 (7th Cir. 2002). Exhaustion is an affirmative defense, and the burden of proof is on the
defendants. Dole v. Chandler, 438 F.3d 804, 809 (7th Cir. 2006) (citing Dale v. Lappin, 376
F.3d 652, 655 (7th Cir. 2004)).
Inmates are not required to exhaust all administrative remedies – only those
that are available. Woodford, 548 U.S. at 102; Kaba v. Stepp, 458 F.3d 678, 684 (2006). The
“availability” of a remedy is not a matter of what appears on paper, but, rather, whether the
paper process was in reality open for the prisoner to pursue. Id. There are several ways that
an administrative process might not be available to a prisoner.
Id.
For example, if
grievances must be filed on a particular form, but the forms are not provided, then there is
no “available” remedy, despite its hypothetical possibility. Dale, 376 F.3d at 656. Similarly,
threatening a prisoner with violence for attempting to use an administrative process makes
that process unavailable. Hemphill v. New York, 380 F.3d 680, 688 (2d Cir. 2004). Or if a
prisoner is told to wait to file a grievance, and that wait makes the claim untimely, then that
too will have made the process unavailable. Brown v. Croak, 312 F.3d 109, 112 (3d Cir.
2002). Finally, not responding to a prisoner’s grievance, Lewis v. Washington, 300 F.3d 829,
833 (7th Cir. 2002), or engaging in affirmative misconduct, Dole, 438 F.3d at 809, will also
make the process unavailable. The Court focuses on whether the plaintiff did all he could
to avail himself of the administrative process; if he followed the prescribed steps and could
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do nothing more, then available remedies were exhausted. Id. at 811.
There is a factual dispute concerning whether the plaintiff resubmitted the
grievances he initially submitted April 13, 2010, and October 27, 2011, and whether he
appealed the dismissal of RCI-2011-4765 to the CCE. The defendants contend that the
plaintiff has not shown that he actually submitted the grievances and appeals. However, the
plaintiff filed an affidavit in which he avers that he did. Thus, he has raised a factual issue.
See Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(c)(1); see also, Lax v. City of South Bend, 449 F.3d 773, 774 (7th Cir.
2006). In addition, the record reveals that the plaintiff’s grievances submitted on April 13,
2010, and October 27, 2011, were returned to him unfiled for not first raising the issue with
the Security Director. However, the grievances state that he had already contacted Security
Director Aldana about the issue. See Pavey v. Conley, 544 F.3d 739, 942 (7th Cir. 2008)
(prisoner must be given another chance to exhaust administrative remedies if failure to
exhaust was innocent provided that there exist remedies that he will be permitted by the
prison authorities to exhaust, so that he is not just being given a runaround).
The Court cannot conclude that the plaintiff failed to exhaust his administrative
remedies. Thus, the defendants’ motion for summary judgment will be denied.
EVIDENTIARY HEARING
The Court will hold an evidentiary hearing to resolve the factual issues
regarding whether the plaintiff exhausted his administrative remedies. See Pavey, 544 F.3d
at 742.
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To assist the Court in scheduling this matter, not later than March 31, 2014,
the parties shall submit a status report to the Court. This report shall include: (1) the nature
of discovery the parties wish to undertake to prepare for the evidentiary hearing; (2) the
estimated length of time to complete such discovery; and (3) an estimate as to the amount of
in-court time necessary for the evidentiary hearing. Based upon these reports, the Court will
establish a date for the completion of discovery and a date for the evidentiary hearing.
IT IS THEREFORE ORDERED that the defendants’ motion to seal
documents (Docket 16) is denied.
IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the defendants’ motion for summary
judgment (Docket 17) is denied.
IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the parties submit a status report to the
Court on or before March 31, 2014, as described herein.
Dated at Milwaukee, Wisconsin, this 10th day of March, 2014.
SO ORDERED,
HON. RUDOLPH T. RANDA
U. S. District Judge
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