Ambassador Steel Fabrication LLC v. CG Schmidt Inc et al
Filing
23
PROTECTIVE ORDER signed by Judge J.P. Stadtmueller on 5/8/2017 GRANTING 22 Parties' Joint Request for Entry of a Protective Order and SPECIFYING the terms for confidential information produced or disclosed during this matter. See Order for further details. (cc: all counsel)(jm)
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
EASTERN DISTRICT OF WISCONSIN
AMBASSADOR STEEL FABRICATION
LLC,
Case No. 16‐CV‐1524‐JPS
Plaintiff,
v.
CG SCHMIDT INC., TRAVELERS
CASUALTY AND INDEMNITY
COMPANY OF AMERICA, and
GILBANE BUILDING COMPANY,
ORDER
Defendants.
On April 24, 2017, the parties filed a stipulation for entry of a
protective order. (Docket #22). The parties request that the Court enter a
protective order so that they may avoid the public disclosure of confidential
information and documents. Id. Rule 26(c) allows for an order “requiring that
a trade secret or other confidential research, development, or commercial
information not be revealed or be revealed only in a specified way.” Fed. R.
Civ. P. 26(c)(1)(G), Civil L. R. 26(e).
The Court sympathizes with the parties’ request and will grant it, but,
before doing so, must note the limits that apply to protective orders.
Protective orders are, in fact, an exception to the general rule that pretrial
discovery must occur in the public eye. Am. Tel. & Tel. Co. v. Grady, 594 F.2d
594, 596 (7th Cir. 1979); Fed. R. Civ. P. 26(c); see also Citizens First Nat’l Bank
of Princeton v. Cincinnati Ins. Co., 178 F.3d 943, 945–46 (7th Cir. 1999).
Litigation must be “conducted in public to the maximum extent consistent
with respecting trade secrets…and other facts that should be held in
confidence.” Hicklin Eng’r, L.C. v. Bartell, 439 F.3d 346, 348 (7th Cir. 2006).
Nonetheless, the Court can enter a protective order if the parties have
shown good cause, and also that the order is narrowly tailored to serving
that cause. Fed. R. Civ. P. 26(c); see, e.g., Citizens First Nat’l Bank of Princeton,
178 F.3d at 945, Jepson, Inc. v. Makita Elec. Works, Ltd., 30 F.3d 854, 858 (7th Cir.
1994) (holding that, even when parties agree to the entry of a protective
order, they still must show the existence of good cause). The Court can even
find that broad, blanket orders—such as the one in this case—are narrowly
tailored and permissible, when it finds that two factors are satisfied:
(1)
that the parties will act in good faith in designating the
portions of the record that should be subject to the protective
order; and
(2)
that the order explicitly allows the parties to the case and other
interested members of the public to challenge the sealing of
documents.
County Materials Corp. v. Allan Block Corp., 502 F.3d 730, 740 (7th Cir. 2006)
(citing Citizens First Nat’l Bank of Princeton, 178 F.3d at 945).
The parties have requested the protective order in this case in good
faith. This action involves a commercial dispute over the provision of
building materials. (Docket #22 at 1). The parties anticipate exchanging
sensitive information regarding their business practices, bidding policies,
and other information providing them a competitive advantage. Id. The
Court thus finds that there is good cause to issue the requested protective
order.
However, the Court finds that two slight changes are necessary to
maintain compliance with the above‐cited precedent. First, the proposed
order requires sealing, in whole or in part, of all confidential documents.
This departs from the Court’s desire to ensure that every phase of the trial
occurs in the public eye to the maximum extent possible. See Hicklin Eng’r,
Page 2 of 12
L.C., 439 F.3d at 348. While the Court understands that some documents will
need to be sealed entirely, other documents may contain only small amounts
of confidential information, and so redaction of those documents may be
more appropriate. The Court has modified the parties’ proposed language
to that effect. See supra Paragraph I(C)(2). Second, consistent with the Court’s
and this district’s standard practice, the Court will allow members of the
public to challenge the confidentiality of documents filed in this case. See
supra Paragraph I(D).
Finally, the Court must note that, while it finds the parties’ proposed
order to be permissible and will, therefore, enter it, the Court subscribes to
the view that the Court’s decision‐making process must be transparent and
as publicly accessible as possible. Thus, the Court preemptively warns the
parties that it will not enter any decision under seal.
Accordingly,
IT IS ORDERED that based on the parties’ stipulation, (Docket #22),
and the factual representations set forth therein, the Court finds that
exchange of sensitive information between or among the parties and/or third
parties other than in accordance with this Order may cause unnecessary
damage and injury to the parties or to others. The Court further finds that the
terms of this Order are fair and just and that good cause has been shown for
entry of a protective order governing the confidentiality of documents
produced in discovery, answers to interrogatories, answers to requests for
admission, deposition testimony, and the inadvertent production of
privileged material.
IT IS THEREFORE ORDERED that, pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 26(c),
Civil L. R. 26(e), and Federal Rule of Evidence 502:
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I.
CONFIDENTIALITY OF DOCUMENTS
(A)
DESIGNATION OF CONFIDENTIAL OR ATTORNEYS’ EYES
ONLY INFORMATION. Designation of information under this Order must
be made by placing or affixing on the document or material, in a manner that
will not interfere with its legibility, the words “CONFIDENTIAL” or
“ATTORNEYS’ EYES ONLY.”
(1)
One who produces information, documents, or other
material may designate them as “CONFIDENTIAL” when the person
in good faith believes they contain private, sensitive, proprietary,
and/or confidential documents and information, including deposition
testimony, recordings, and transcripts, in possession of the parties,
including, but not limited to, customer names, customer account
information, financial information, trade secrets or nonpublic
confidential technical, commercial, financial, personal, or business
information that the parties would like to keep from being made
public and/or accessible to third parties.
(2)
One who produces information, documents, or other
material may designate them as “ATTORNEYS’ EYES ONLY” when
the person in good faith believes that they contain private, sensitive,
proprietary, and/or confidential documents and information,
including deposition testimony, recordings, and transcripts, in
possession of the parties, including, but not limited to, customer
names, customer account information, financial information, trade
secrets or nonpublic confidential technical, commercial, financial,
personal, or business information that requires protection beyond that
afforded by a CONFIDENTIAL designation.
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(3)
Except for information, documents, or other materials
produced for inspection at the party’s facilities, the designation of
confidential information as CONFIDENTIAL or ATTORNEYS’ EYES
ONLY must be made prior to, or contemporaneously with, their
production or disclosure. In the event that information, documents or
other materials are produced for inspection at the party’s facilities,
such information, documents, or other materials may be produced for
inspection before being marked confidential. Once specific
information, documents, or other materials have been designated for
copying, any information, documents, or other materials containing
confidential information will then be marked confidential after
copying but before delivery to the party who inspected and
designated them. There will be no waiver of confidentiality by the
inspection of confidential information, documents, or other materials
before they are copied and marked confidential pursuant to this
procedure.
(4)
Portions of depositions of a party’s present and former
officers, directors, employees, agents, experts, and representatives will
be deemed confidential only if designated as such when the
deposition is taken, or within 30 days of receipt of the deposition
transcript.
(5)
If a party inadvertently produces information,
documents, or other material containing CONFIDENTIAL or
ATTORNEYS’ EYES ONLY information without marking or labeling
it as such, the information, documents, or other material shall not lose
its protected status through such production and the parties shall take
all steps reasonably required to assure its continued confidentiality,
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if the producing party provides written notice to the receiving party
within 10 days of the discovery of the inadvertent production,
identifying the information, document or other material in question
and of the corrected confidential designation.
(B)
DISCLOSURE
AND
U S E
OF C ON FI DEN TI AL
INFORMATION. Information, documents, or other material designated as
CONFIDENTIAL OR ATTORNEYS’ EYES ONLY under this Order must not
be used or disclosed by the parties or counsel for the parties or any persons
identified in subparagraphs (B)(1) and (2) below for any purposes
whatsoever other than preparing for and conducting the litigation in which
the information, documents, or other material were disclosed (including
appeals).
(1)
CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION. The parties and
counsel for the parties must not disclose or permit the disclosure of
any information, documents or other material designated as
“CONFIDENTIAL” by any other party or third party under this
Order, except that disclosures may be made in the following
circumstances:
(a)
Disclosure may be made to employees of counsel
for the parties who have direct functional responsibility for the
preparation and trial of the lawsuit. Any such employee to
whom counsel for the parties makes a disclosure must be
advised of, and become subject to, the provisions of this Order
requiring that the information, documents, or other material be
held in confidence.
(b)
Disclosure may be made only to employees of a
party required in good faith to provide assistance in the
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conduct of the litigation in which the information was
disclosed
(c)
Disclosure may be made to court reporters
engaged for depositions and those persons, if any, specifically
engaged for the limited purpose of making copies of
documents or other material. Before disclosure to any such
court reporter or person engaged in making copies, such
reporter or person must agree to be bound by the terms of this
Order.
(d)
Disclosure may be made to consultants,
investigators, or experts (collectively “experts”) employed by
the parties or counsel for the parties to assist in the preparation
and trial of the lawsuit. Before disclosure to any expert, the
expert must be informed of and agree to be subject to the
provisions of this Order requiring that the information,
documents, or other material be held in confidence.
(e)
Disclosure may be made to deposition and trial
witnesses in connection with their testimony in the lawsuit and
to the Court and the Court’s staff.
(f)
Disclosure may be made to persons already in
lawful and legitimate possession of such CONFIDENTIAL
information.
(2)
ATTORNEYS’ EYES ONLY INFORMATION. The
parties and counsel for the parties must not disclose or permit the
disclosure of any information, documents, or other material
designated as “ATTORNEYS’ EYES ONLY” by any other party or
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third party under this Order to any other person or entity, except that
disclosures may be made in the following circumstances:
(a)
Disclosure may be made to counsel and
employees of counsel for the parties who have direct functional
responsibility for the preparation and trial of the lawsuit. Any
such employee to whom counsel for the parties makes a
disclosure must be advised of, and become subject to, the
provisions of this Order requiring that the information,
documents, or other material be held in confidence.
(b)
Disclosure may be made to court reporters
engaged for depositions and those persons, if any, specifically
engaged for the limited purpose of making copies of
documents or other material. Before disclosure to any such
court reporter or person engaged in making copies, such
reporter or person must agree to be bound by the terms of this
Order.
(c)
Disclosure may be made to consultants,
investigators, or experts (collectively “experts”) employed by
the parties or counsel for the parties to assist in the preparation
and trial of the lawsuit. Before disclosure to any expert, the
expert must be informed of and agree to be subject to the
provisions of this Order requiring that the information,
documents, or other material be held in confidence.
(d)
Disclosure may be made to deposition and trial
witnesses in connection with their testimony in the lawsuit and
to the Court and the Court’s staff.
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(e)
Disclosure may be made to persons already in
lawful and legitimate possession of such ATTORNEYS’ EYES
ONLY information.
(C)
MAINTENANCE OF CONFIDENTIALITY. Except as provided
in subparagraph (B), counsel for the parties must keep all information,
documents, or other material designated as confidential that are received
under this Order secure within their exclusive possession and must place
such information, documents, or other material in a secure area.
(1) All copies, duplicates, extracts, summaries, or
descriptions (hereinafter referred to collectively as “copies”) of
information, documents, or other material designated as
confidential under this Order, or any portion thereof, must be
immediately affixed with the words “CONFIDENTIAL” or
“ATTORNEYS’ EYES ONLY” if not already containing that
designation.
(2) To the extent that any information designated as
“CONFIDENTIAL” or “ATTORNEYS’ EYES ONLY” is filed with
the Court, or is substantively incorporated in any papers to be filed
with the court, the records and papers must be redacted only to the
extent necessary. If the parties seek to seal a document, either in part
or in full, they must file a motion to seal that document, together
with a redacted copy on the record. They must also simultaneously
file unredacted copies under seal with the Clerk of Court via the
CM‐ECF system. The parties shall act in good faith in designating
records to be filed, in whole or in part, under seal.
(D)
CHALLENGES TO CONFIDENTIALITY DESIGNATION. A
party or interested member of the public may challenge the designation of
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confidentiality by motion. The movant must accompany such a motion with
the statement required by Civil L. R. 37. The designating party bears the
burden of proving that the information, documents, or other material at issue
are properly designated as confidential. The Court may award the party or
person prevailing on any such motion actual attorney’s fees and costs
attributable to the motion.
(E)
CONCLUSION OF LITIGATION. At the conclusion of the
litigation, a party may request that all information, documents, or other
material not filed with the Court or received into evidence and designated
as CONFIDENTIAL or ATTORNEYS’ EYES ONLY under this Order must
be destroyed, unless otherwise provided by law. Notwithstanding the
requirements of this paragraph, a party may retain a complete set of all
documents filed with the Court, subject to all other restrictions of this Order.
II.
CLAWBACK PROTOCOL
(A)
NON‐WAIVER BY PRODUCTION. Production of documents
and electronically stored information (“ESI”) in this case shall be without
prejudice to and shall not waive, for purposes of this case or otherwise, any
attorney‐client privilege or work product protection that otherwise would
apply.
(B)
TIME FOR ASSERTING PRIVILEGE AND PROTECTION. A
producing party may assert privilege or protection over produced
documents and ESI at any time by notifying the receiving party(ies) in
writing of the assertion of privilege or protection, except that:
(1)
Affirmative use of ESI or a document by the producing
party in the case waives privilege and protection with respect to it,
and of other ESI and documents to the extent provided by Federal
Rules of Evidence, Rule 502(a); and
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(2)
Upon use in the case by another of ESI or a document
that was produced by a party, that producing party must promptly
assert any claimed privilege and/or protection over it and request
return or destruction thereof.
(C)
DISPUTING CLAIMS OF PRIVILEGE/PROTECTION OVER
PRODUCED DOCUMENTS. Upon receipt of notice of the assertion of
privilege or protection over produced documents or ESI, the receiving party
shall:
(1)
to whatever extent it contests the assertion of privilege
or protection, promptly so notify the producing party, and maintain
the contested documents and ESI in confidence pending resolution of
the contest by the Court; and
(2)
to whatever extent the receiving party does not contest
the assertion of privilege or protection, promptly certify in writing to
the producing party that it has returned or destroyed the applicable
document(s) and/or ESI, and has made reasonably diligent efforts to
identify and destroy each copy thereof and all information derived
therefrom (normally reasonable diligence will not include disaster
recovery media).
In the event of a contested assertion of privilege or protection over
produced documents that cannot be resolved amicably after meeting and
conferring in good faith, either party may bring the contest to the attention
of the Court by motion pursuant to Part I(D).
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Dated at Milwaukee, Wisconsin, this 8th day of May, 2017.
BY THE COURT:
J.P. Stadtmueller
U.S. District Judge
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