Motorola Mobility, Inc. v. Apple, Inc.

Filing 366

NOTICE by Motorola Mobility LLC Amended Infringement Contentions and Statement of Accused Products (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A, # 2 Exhibit B, # 3 Exhibit C, # 4 Exhibit D, # 5 Exhibit E, # 6 Exhibit F, # 7 Exhibit G, # 8 Exhibit H, # 9 Exhibit I, # 10 Exhibit J, # 11 Exhibit K, # 12 Exhibit L)Associated Cases: 1:12-cv-20271-RNS, 1:10-cv-23580-RNS(Kruse, Regan)

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EXHIBIT I 1 EXHIBIT I UNITED STATES PATENT NO. 6,463,5341 Accused Apple Products: Apple Mac Pro, Apple iMac, new Apple iMac,2 Apple Mac mini, new Apple Mac mini,3 Apple MacBook Pro, Apple MacBook, 15-inch Apple MacBook Pro with Retina Display, 13-inch Apple MacBook Pro with Retina Display,4 Apple MacBook Air, 3rd Generation Apple iPod Touch, 4th Generation Apple iPod Touch, 5th Generation Apple iPod Touch5, Apple iPhone 3GS, Apple iPhone 4, Apple iPhone 4S, Apple iPhone 657, Apple iPad, Apple iPad with 3G, Apple iPad 2, Apple iPad 2 with 3G, 3rd Generation Apple iPad, 3rd Generation Apple iPad + 4G, 4th Generation Apple iPad,8 4th 1 Motorola Mobility's investigation is ongoing and discovery is not yet complete. Apple has, thus far, not produced all of its documents and source code relevant to the accused methods and products. Motorola reserves the right to supplement or amend these contentions based on subsequent discovery or disclosures made pursuant to FRCP 26. Motorola further reserves the right to amend and supplement its contentions with respect to any products released by Apple subsequent to the service of these initial infringement contentions, in accordance with the schedule set forth in the Court’s Order of October 25, 2012. Further, to the extent Apple releases any new products with the same functionality accused of infringement in the Accused Apple Products in these contentions, Motorola reserves the right to seek appropriate relief from the court in accordance with its order of October 25, 2012 and in accordance with the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. 2 The term "new Apple iMac" means Apple's new iMac computers announced by Apple on October 23, 2012. See http://www.apple.com/pr/library/2012/10/23All-New-iMac-Features-Stunning-Design-Brilliant-Display-Faster-Performance.html. 3 The term "new Apple Mac mini" means Apple's new Mac mini computers announced by Apple on October 23, 2012. See http://www.apple.com/pr/library/2012/10/23All-New-iMac-Features-Stunning-Design-Brilliant-Display-Faster-Performance.html. 4 The term "13-inch Apple MacBook Pro with Retina Display" means Apple's new 13-inch MacBook Pro computer announced by Apple on October 23, 2012. See http://www.apple.com/pr/library/2012/10/23Apple-Introduces-13-inch-MacBook-Pro-with-Retina-Display.html. 5 The term “5th Generation Apple iPod Touch” means Apple’s new iPod Touch announced by Apple on September 12, 2012. See http://www.apple.com/pr/library/2012/09/12Apple-Introduces-New-iPod-touch-iPod-nano.html. 7 The term "Apple iPhone 5" means Apple's new iPhone announced by Apple on September 12, 2012. See http://www.apple.com/pr/library/2012/09/12Apple-Introduces-iPhone-5.html. 8 The terms "4th Generation Apple iPad" and "4th Generation Apple iPad [with cellular]" mean Apple's new iPad devices announced by Apple on October 23, 2012. See http://www.apple.com/pr/library/2012/10/23Apple-Introduces-iPad-mini.html. 1 Generation Apple iPad [with cellular], iPad Mini,9 iPad mini [with cellular], Apple TV 1st Gen, Apple TV 2nd Gen, Apple TV 3rd Gen Apple directly infringes the '534 patent, either literally or through the doctrine of equivalents, pursuant to 35 U.S.C. § 271(a). In addition to Apple's direct infringement of the '534 patent through its development, testing, use, distribution and sale of its products and services, Apple also indirectly infringes the '534 patent pursuant to 35 U.S.C. § 271(b) and (c). End-users and others in the distribution channel of the Accused Apple Products directly infringe this claim by using, selling, offering for sale, and/or importing these devices into the United States. Apple contributes to and induces the infringement of asserted claims 7 and 9 through its promotion and provision of marketing, sale and/or technical support of the Accused Apple Products and associated services in the United States, and through the design, marketing, manufacture, sale, and/or technical support of the Accused Apple Products. Apple supplies Accused Apple Products and actively encourages the use, sale, offer for sale, and importation of the same in the United States through the promotion and provision of marketing literature, promotion, and user guides, which induces and results in direct infringement. Apple has known or should have known that these actions would cause direct infringement of the '534 patent and did so with specific intent to encourage direct infringement, at least as of April 13, 2012, Motorola served Apple with Motorola’s motion for leave to file Motorola’s first amended complaint in this litigation, which attached the '534 patent as an exhibit. Despite knowing of the '534 patent, Apple continues to make, use, offer to sell, and sell its products and has continued to circulate marketing literature and user guides encouraging users of the Accused Apple Products to infringe. Additionally, the identified features of the Accused Apple Products are material parts of the inventions of the asserted claims and have no substantial non-infringing uses. ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes Claim 1 9 The terms "Apple iPad mini" and "Apple iPad mini [with cellular]" mean Apple's new iPad mini devices announced by Apple on October 23, 2012. See http://www.apple.com/pr/library/2012/10/23Apple-Introduces-iPad-mini.html. 10 This chart provides Motorola’s infringement analysis for the Accused Apple Products. Upon information and belief, the analysis set forth in this chart applies to all of the Accused Apple Products running versions of iOS 5, iOS 6, and OSX. iOS devices refers to the 3rd Generation Apple iPod Touch, 4th Generation Apple iPod Touch, 5th Generation Apple iPod Touch10, Apple iPhone 3GS, Apple iPhone 4, Apple iPhone 4S, Apple iPhone 510, Apple iPad, Apple iPad with 3G, Apple iPad 2, Apple iPad 2 with 3G, 3rd Generation Apple iPad, 3rd Generation Apple iPad + 4G, 4th Generation Apple iPad, 4th Generation Apple iPad [with cellular], iPad Mini, and iPad mini [with cellular]. OSX devices refer to Apple Mac Pro, Apple iMac, new Apple iMac, Apple Mac mini, new Apple Mac mini, Apple MacBook Pro, Apple MacBook, 15-inch Apple MacBook Pro with Retina Display, 13-inch Apple MacBook Pro with Retina Display, Apple MacBook Air, Apple TV 1st Gen, Apple TV 2nd Gen, and Apple TV 3rd Gen. 2 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes 1. A method of The accused devices, in conjunction with the Apple App Store and/or iTunes use a method of conducting conducting transactions transactions in a wireless electronic commerce system, as described below. in a wireless electronic commerce system App Store Apple devices conduct transactions in a wireless commerce system with the App Store. For example, iOS devices can wirelessly purchase and download applications from the App Store: 3 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes 11 11 iPhone User Guide (iOS 6) at 96 (MOTO-SDFL-16228). 4 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes 12 iOS devices can also download purchases from within apps themselves. The Apple App Store allows users to embed a store directly within an application. An in-app purchase feature is facilitated using the Store Kit framework. Store Kit prompts the user to authorize the payment, then notifies the application so that it can provide the items the user purchased.13 This process involves fine-grained access control. 12 iPad User Guide (iOS 5.1) at 94 (MOTO-SDFL-19948). 13 See generally Apple StoreKit Guide (MOTO-SDFL-18605-18640). 5 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes 14 14 Apple StoreKit Guide at 17 (MOTO-SDFL-18621). 6 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes And as a further example, OSX devices can wirelessly purchase and download applications from the App Store: 15 15 http://www.apple.com/osx/apps/app-store.html (accessed November 7, 2012) (MOTO-SDFL-20441). 7 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes iTunes Apple devices conduct transactions in a wireless commerce system with the iTunes. For example, iOS devices can wirelessly purchase and download content from iTunes. The iPhone can wirelessly purchase and download content from iTunes: 16 16 iPhone User Guide (iOS 6) at 94; (MOTO-SDFL-16226). 8 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes The iPad can wirelessly purchase and download content from iTunes: 17 As a further example, Apple TV can wirelessly purchase and download content from iTunes: 18 17 iPad User Guide (iOS 5.1) at 90 (MOTO-SDFL-19864). 18 Apple TV 3rd Gen Setup Guide at 10 (MOTO-SDFL-19669). 9 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes 19 As a further example, OSX devices can wirelessly purchase and download content from iTunes: 20 19 Id. at 24 (MOTO-SDFL-19683). 20 http://www.apple.com/itunes/ (last accessed November 7, 2012) (MOTO-SDFL-20015). 10 ’534 Patent Claim comprising a wireless network operator certification authority having a root public key certificate Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes App Store Apple is a wireless network operator and operates a certification authority (“CA”) available via a wireless network having a root public key certificate. 21 21 Apple Certificate Policy, Version 1.3 (Feburary 28, 2012) at 9 (MOTO-SDFL-17988). 11 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes 22 By way of example, Apple pre-installs various root certificates in iOS 5.x, and on information and belief, in iOS 6.x. 23 22 23 iOS Security (May 12, 2012) at 4 (MOTO-SDFL-19817). http://support.apple.com/kb/HT5012 (MOTO-SDFL-20032-20084). The Apple security hierarchy is described at http://images.apple.com/certificateauthority/pdf/Apple_WWDR_CPS_v1.7.pdf (MOTO-SDFL-19696-19721). 12 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes These include certificates for the "Apple Root Certificate Authority": 24 24 http://support.apple.com/kb/HT5012 (MOTO-SDFL-20032-20084). 13 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes Consistent with the establishment of a certification authority, Apple may revoke certificates. 25 25 Id. 14 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes The Apple Root Certification Authority, being the domain's root certification authority, is the owner of the root certificate. 26 iTunes Apple is a wireless network operator and operates a certification authority (“CA”) available via a wireless network having a root public key certificate. 26 Apple Certificate Policy v.1.3 (MOTO-SDFL-17980-18006). 15 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes 27 27 Apple Certificate Policy Version 1.3 at 9 (MOTO-SDFL-17988). 16 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes 28 28 Certificate, Key, and Trust Services Programming Guide at 6-7 (MOTO-SDFL-19729-19730). 17 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes 29 By way of example, Apple pre-installs various root certificates in iOS 5.x. 30 29 30 iOS Security (May 12, 2012) at 4 (MOTO-SDFL-19817). http://support.apple.com/kb/HT5012 (MOTO-SDFL-20032-20084). The Apple security hierarchy is described at http://images.apple.com/certificateauthority/pdf/Apple_WWDR_CPS_v1.7.pdf (MOTO-SDFL-19696-19721). 18 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes These include certificates for the "Apple Root Certificate Authority": 31 31 Id. 19 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes Consistent with the establishment of a certification authority, Apple may revoke certificates. 32 32 http://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2011/Oct/msg00002.html (accessed November 7, 2012) (MOTO-SDFL-19606-19609). 20 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes The Apple Root Certification Authority, being the domain's root certification authority, is the owner of the root certificate.33 33 http://www.apple.com/certificateauthority/; Apple Certificate Policy v. 1.3 (MOTO-SDFL-17980-18006). 21 ’534 Patent Claim and at least one attribute authority having a digital certificate that is dependent from the root public key certificate, Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes App Store See above. On information and belief, the App Store operates as an attribute authority that has a digital certificate that is dependent from the root public key certificate. As described below, Apple issues attribute certificates from the App Store that are dependent from the root public key certificate. Attributes distributed may provide fine-grained, role-based information and enable the use of privileges or attributes. For example, on information and belief, some applications downloaded from the App Store have attribute certificates that allow the application to store information on iCloud. As another example, some applications downloaded from the App Store have attribute certificates that allow the application to send push notifications. Apple refers to these attributes as "entitlements," and they are set by the developer during development of the software. As a further example, in-app purchases may enable more functionality or add features to existing applications, among other things. All Apple software developers are issued certificates by Apple that enable the developer to create and issue applications with these properties. Ultimately, such a certificate would be dependent on a root certificate owned by Apple. 22 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes 34 35 34 Entitlement Key Reference (September 19, 2012) at 5 (MOTO-SDFL-19773). 23 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes 36 35 Entitlement Key Reference (September 19, 2012) at 11 (MOTO-SDFL-19779). 36 iOS Security (May 12, 2012) at 6 (MOTO-SDFL-19819). 24 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes Examples of entitlements are shown below: 37 37 Entitlement Key Reference (September 19, 2012) at 12 (MOTO-SDFL-19780). 25 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes iTunes iTunes operates as an attribute authority that has a digital certificate that is dependent from the root public key certificate. Apple issues attribute certificates from iTunes. Attribute certificates enable devices to use certain software for a distinct period of time. For example, when a movie or television show is rented from iTunes, a user has a certain period of time (e.g., 30 days) to use that video, and once the user begins watching, the user has a certain period of time to watch the video (e.g., 24 hours). The user’s device is given an attribute certificate that enables the user to access the video within those time periods. Ultimately, such a certificate would be dependent on a root certificate owned by Apple. 26 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes By way of example, on iOS devices: 38 38 http://support.apple.com/kb/HT1491 (MOTO-SDFL-20018-20023). 27 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes By further example, other devices including OSX devices and Apple TV: 39 39 http://support.apple.com/kb/HT1657 (MOTO-SDFL-20024-20027). 28 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes 40 41 40 http://support.apple.com/kb/HT1657 (accessed November 7, 2012) (MOTO-SDFL-20024-20027). 41 www.apple.com/itunes/what-is (accessed November 7, 2012) (MOTO-SDFL-20001-20007). 29 ’534 Patent Claim where the attribute authority is accessible by a wireless client device via a wireless network, the method comprising: Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes App Store As discussed above, the App Store servers are accessible by a wireless client device via a wireless network. By way of example, the App Store servers are accessible by the iPhone via a wireless network. 42 42 iPhone User Guide (iOS 6) at 96 (MOTO-SDFL-16228). 30 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes By way of example, the App Store servers are accessible by the iPad via a wireless network. 43 43 iPad User Guide (iOS 5.1) at 94 (MOTO-SDFL-19948). 31 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes And as a further example, the App Store servers are accessible by the OSX devices via a wireless network. 44 44 http://www.apple.com/osx/apps/app-store.html (accessed November 7, 2012) (MOTO-SDFL-20439-20445). 32 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes iTunes As discussed above, iTunes is accessible by a wireless client device via a wireless network. The iPhone can wirelessly access iTunes via a wireless network: 45 45 iPhone User Guide (iOS 6) at 96 (MOTO-SDFL-16228). 33 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes The iPad can wirelessly access iTunes via a wireless network: 46 As a further example, Apple TV can wirelessly access iTunes via a wireless network: 47 46 iPad User Guide (iOS 5.1) at 90 (MOTO-SDFL-19944). 34 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes 48 establishing a wireless communication between the wireless client device and the attribute authority; Apple devices can establish a wireless communication to an attribute authority, such as the App Store or iTunes. App Store For example, iPhone and iPad can wirelessly connect to the App Store: 49 47 Apple TV 3rd Gen Setup Guide at 10 (MOTO-SDFL-19669). 48 Id. at 24 (MOTO-SDFL-19683). 49 iPhone User Guide (iOS 6) at 96 (MOTO-SDFL-16228). 35 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes iTunes As an example, iOS and OSX devices can wirelessly connect to iTunes: 50 50 Apple TV 3rd Gen Setup Guide at 10 (MOTO-SDFL-19669). 36 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes 51 52 51 MacBook Pro User Guide at 62 (MOTO-SDFL-20146). 52 MacBook Pro User Guide at 63 (MOTO-SDFL-20147). 37 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes 53 delivering an attribute certificate from the attribute authority to the wireless device; 53 App Store When a purchase or other download is made from an Apple device via the App Store, an attribute certificate may be delivered from the associated attribute authority to the device. The attribute may provide finegrained, role-based access control or enable the use of privileges or attributes. The App Store delivers an attribute certificate to a wireless device along with an application when the application or in-app purchase is downloaded to the device. www.apple.com/itunes/what-is (accessed November 7, 2012) (MOTO-SDFL-20001-20007). 38 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes 54 54 Entitlement Key Reference (September 19, 2012) at 5 (MOTO-SDFL-19773). 39 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes 55 56 55 iOS Security (May 12, 2012) at 6 (MOTO-SDFL-19819). 56 Id. at 11 (MOTO-SDFL-19824). 40 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes 57 57 Id. at 12 (MOTO-SDFL-19825). 41 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes As another example, the App Store delivers an attribute certificate to a wireless device when an in-app purchase is made. 58 58 StoreKitGuide (February 16, 2012) at 7 (MOTO-SDFL-18611). 42 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes 59 59 Id. at 10 (MOTO-SDFL-18614). 43 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes 60 60 Id. at 12 (MOTO-SDFL-18616). 44 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes iTunes iTunes delivers an attribute certificate to a wireless device along with a movie or TV show when a movie or TV show is rented and downloaded from iTunes. 61 61 Apple TV 3rd Gen Setup Guide at 24 (MOTO-SDFL-19683). 45 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes 62 62 http://support.apple.com/kb/ht1657 (accessed November 7, 2012) (MOTO-SDFL-20024-20027). 46 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes 63 verifying the attribute authority to the wireless client device using the attribute certificate and the root public key certificate pre-loaded in the wireless client device under authority of the wireless network operator; 63 An attribute certificate and root public key certificates are used to verify the attribute authority. Apple preloads root public key certificates into devices for use in the verification process. For example: http://www.apple.com/appletv/whats-on/ (accessed November 7, 2012) (MOTO-SDFL-20246-20259). 47 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes 64 65 64 iOS Security (May 12, 2012) at 4 (MOTO-SDFL-19817). 65 iPhone in Business – Digital Certificates at 1 (MOTO-SDFL-17555). 48 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes 66 67 66 iPad in Business at 12 (MOTO-SDFL-17480). 67 Certificate, Key, and Trust Services Programming Guide at 27 (MOTO-SDFL-19750). 49 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes 68 69 68 Certificate, Key, and Trust Services Programming Guide at 6 (MOTO-SDFL-19729-19730). 69 Certificate, Key, and Trust Services Programming Guide at 19 (MOTO-SDFL-19742). 50 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes Attribute certificates may, for App Store downloads, be embedded in the developer signature. 70 70 iOS Security (May 12, 2012) at 6 (MOTO-SDFL-19819). 51 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes 71 71 Entitlement Key Reference (September 19, 2012) at 5 (MOTO-SDFL-19773). 52 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes 72 delivering an attribute An attribute may be delivered to Apple devices over the wireless network and enabled. to the wireless client device over the App Store wireless network; and enabling the attribute at The App Store allows users to download applications having various attributes such as system operations the wireless client permissions. device. 72 Snow Leopard Server Security Configuration at 166 (MOTO-SDFL-18314). 53 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes 73 iTunes As a further example, subscription-based purchases using iTunes or Apple TV also have attributes that may affect content access permissions. 73 iOS Security (May 12, 2012) at 6 (MOTO-SDFL-19819). 54 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes 74 Claim 2 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of executing a transaction whereby the wireless client device authorizes payment for the attribute from the attribute authority. Claim 7 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the attribute certificate represents at least one of (i) purchased service or product certificates and 74 Claim 1 is incorporated herein by reference. Apple devices, in conjunction with the Apple App Store and iTunes, use a method as described in claim one and further comprising the step of executing a transaction whereby the wireless client device authorizes payment for the attribute from the attribute authority. The Apple App store allows users to download and install verified software onto mobile devices. Users may pay for this software. Users may also pay to download applications from the App Store providing privileges or attributes or fine-grained, role-based access control. Further, users of Apple TV may download and play media content having certain access controls. Users of iTunes may download and play media content having certain access controls. Claim 1 is incorporated herein by reference. Apple devices, in conjunction with the Apple App Store and iTunes, use a method as described in claim one wherein the attribute represents (i) purchased service or product certificates. As described above in relation to claims 1 and 2, users may purchase service or product certificates from the Apple TV 3rd Gen Setup Guide at 24 (MOTO-SDFL-19683). 55 ’534 Patent Claim Exemplary Apple Product: iOS and OSX devices10/Apple App Store and iTunes App Store and iTunes. (ii) system operations permissions. The attribute may also represent (ii) system operations permissions. As discussed in relation to claim 1, the attribute described may relate to system operations permissions. By way of example, entitlements may be coupled to App Store content. Claim 8 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the attribute is software code for execution by the wireless client device. Claim 1 is incorporated herein by reference. Apple devices, in conjunction with the Apple App Store and iTunes, use a method as described in claim one wherein the attribute is software code for execution by the wireless client device. As discussed above, content from the Apple App store may be software code for execution by the device. 56

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