Hornbeck Offshore Services, L.L.C. v. Salazar et al

Filing 45

RESPONSE/MEMORANDUM in Opposition filed by Center for Biological Diversity, Defenders of Wildlife, Florida Wildlife Federation, Natural Resources Defense Council, Sierra Club re 7 MOTION for Preliminary Injunction. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit 1, # 2 Exhibit 2, # 3 Exhibit 3, # 4 Exhibit 4, # 5 Exhibit 5, # 6 Exhibit 6, # 7 Exhibit 7, # 8 Exhibit 8, # 9 Exhibit 9, # 10 Exhibit 10, # 11 Exhibit 11.1, # 12 Exhibit 11.2, # 13 Exhibit 12.1, # 14 Exhibit 12.2, # 15 Exhibit 13, # 16 Exhibit 14, # 17 Exhibit 15, # 18 Exhibit 16, # 19 Exhibit 17)(Suttles, John)

DECLARATION OF MANLEY FULLER PRESIDENT, FLORIDA WILDLIFE FEDERATION, INC.

1.

I, Manley Fuller, am over 18 years of age and have personal knowledge of the

following facts. 2. 3. I reside at 620 River Plantation Road, St. Marks, Florida, 32327. I am currently President of the Florida Wildlife Federation ("Federation") and

have served in that position for the past 23 years. 4. I joined the Federation because I have a lifetime personal and professional interest

in natural resource conservation. 5. The Federation is a Florida statewide non-profit conservation and education

organization which is headquartered at 2545 Blairstone Pines Drive, Tallahassee, Florida, 32301. The Federation has over 13,000 members state-wide and many of those members live in counties that border Florida's Gulf Coast that are currently being adversely affected by the BP Deepwater Horizon oil spill. 6. The Federation's mission includes the preservation, management, and

improvement of Florida's water resources and its fish and wildlife habitat. The Federation represents its members in state and federal litigation brought to preserve and protect Florida's coastlines and access to Gulf of Mexico resources as well as its rivers, lakes, and estuaries. 7. Members of the Federation use and enjoy the open waters of the Gulf of Mexico

and the coastal and estuarine waters bordering Florida's shoreline (including the waters currently being adversely affected by BP Deepwater Horizon oil spill) for recreational and commercial fishing and shellfishing, wildlife observation, boating, hunting, birding, canoeing, and swimming and intend to continue doing so in the future.

8.

Our organization depends upon the support of Floridians but our members who

offer guided nature services and fishing adventures along and within the Gulf of Mexico are seeing less interest from travelers and residents because of the adverse impacts from this devastating spill. 9. In addition, recreational and commercial fishing is an enormously important

component of Florida's economy. This is especially true in the Florida Panhandle Region which is currently being adversely affected by the ongoing BP Deepwater Horizon oil spill. 10. For example, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Marine

Recreational Information Program ("MRIP") stated in its 2008 report that economic impacts from the commercial seafood industry in Florida generated $5.7 billion in total sales, supporting 108,600 full- and part-time jobs within the industry.1 Recreational fisheries in West Florida alone produced an additional $5.65 billion in total sales.2 According to this same report, recreational fishing activities in West Florida supported more jobs than any other state in the Gulf Region, with approximately 54,600 full- and part-time jobs in 2008.3 In the Gulf of Mexico, an average of 3.1 million anglers fished annually from 1999-2008, with most of these anglers fishing in West Florida.4 An average of 22 million fishing trips were taken annually in the Gulf Region between 1999 and 2008. Again, most of these trips were taken in West Florida.5 This official government publication is attached as Exhibit A to this declaration. 11. The degradation of coastal habitat caused by drilling in the Gulf of Mexico

continues to imperil Florida's ecotourism- and fishing-based economy.

1 2

http://www.st.nmfs.noaa.gov/st5/publication/econ/2008/gulf_ALL_econ.pdf, p. 118 http://www.st.nmfs.noaa.gov/st5/publication/econ/2008/gulf_ALL_econ.pdf, p. 120 3 http://www.st.nmfs.noaa.gov/st5/publication/econ/2008/gulf_ALL_econ.pdf, p. 120 4 http://www.st.nmfs.noaa.gov/st5/publication/econ/2008/gulf_ALL_econ.pdf, p. 121 5 http://www.st.nmfs.noaa.gov/st5/publication/econ/2008/gulf_ALL_econ.pdf, p. 121

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12.

Part of the Federation's mission is helping people take positive memories from

their experiences in nature, and the current spill has impaired our ability to do that. Our organization depends upon the support of Floridians, but our members who offer guided nature services and fishing adventures along and within the Gulf of Mexico are beginning to see less interest from travelers and residents because of the adverse impacts from this devastating spill. 13. A six month moratorium on 31 deepwater drilling operations in the Gulf of

Mexico serves Federation members' and the public's interest. Federal law allows drilling in the Gulf of Mexico but only in an environmentally safe manner. Federation members now know from personal experiences that the current safety regulations, current oil spill response plans, and current governmental regulatory oversight of deepwater oil drilling are woefully inadequate. Those inadequacies have resulted in an environmental catastrophe for the Gulf of Mexico. 14. A moratorium on 31 deepwater drilling operations for this short time period will

allow a thorough review of environmental risks presented by a worst case scenario blowout, the development of adequate oil spill response plans, and changes in safety regulations necessary to reduce the chances of another uncontrolled blowout. 15. It will also protect Federation members' and the public's interest in reducing the

risk the risk of another uncontrolled deepsea blowout at a time when many individuals, including Federation members, are struggling to cope with the first one.

I DECLARE under penalty of perjury under the laws of the United States and the laws of the State of Florida that the foregoing is true and correct.

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Fisheries Economics of the United States, 2008
Economics and Social Analysis Division Office of Science and Technology National Marine Fisheries Service 1315 East-West Highway, 12th floor Silver Spring, MD 20910

NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-F/SPO-109 April 2010

U.S. Department of Commerce Gary Locke, Secretary of Commerce National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Jane Lubchenco, Ph.D., Administrator of NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service Eric Schwaab, Assistant Administrator for Fisheries

Suggested citation:
National Marine Fisheries Service. 2010. Fisheries Economics of the United States, 2008. U.S. Dept. Commerce, NOAA Tech. Memo. NMFS-F/SPO-109, 177 p. Available at: http://www.st.nmfs.noaa.gov/st5/publication/index.html.

A copy of this report may be obtained from:
Economics and Social Analysis Division Office of Science and Technology National Marine Fisheries Service 1315 East-West Highway, 12th floor Silver Spring, MD 20910

Or online at:
http://www.st.nmfs.noaa.gov/st5/publication/index.html

Front cover photo: San Diego (photo credit: J. Hilger) Inside front cover photo: Lynn Canal, Juneau, AK (photo credit: E. Steiner

ii

Contents
v Preface 1 National Overview
2 U.S. Summary 11 U.S. Tables

15 North Pacific
16 North Pacific Summary 20 Alaska Tables

23 Pacific
24 30 32 35 38

41 Western Pacific 49 New England
50 55 57 60 63 66 69 74 80 82 85 88 91 94

Pacific Summary Pacific Tables California Tables Oregon Tables Washington Tables

42 Western Pacific Summary 46 Hawai'i Tables New England Summary New England Tables Connecticut Tables Maine Tables Massachusetts Tables New Hampshire Tables Rhode Island Tables Mid-Atlantic Summary Mid-Atlantic Tables Delaware Tables Maryland Tables New Jersey Tables New York Tables Virginia Tables

73 Mid-Atlantic

iii iii

97 South Atlantic
98 South Atlantic Summary 103 South Atlantic Tables 105 East Florida Tables 108 Georgia Tables 111 North Carolina Tables 114 South Carolina Tables

117 Gulf of Mexico
118 123 125 128 131 134 137 Gulf of Mexico Summary Gulf of Mexico Tables Alabama Tables Louisiana Tables Mississippi Tables Texas Tables West Florida Tables

141 145 163 169

Data Sources Publications Resources Glossary

iv iv

Gulf of Mexico
Alabama West Florida Louisiana Mississippi Texas

Regional Summary
Management Context
The Gulf Region is comprised of Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama and West Florida. Federal fisheries in this region are managed by the Gulf of Mexico Fishery Management Council (GMFMC) and NOAA Fisheries (NMFS) under seven fishery management plans (FMPs). The spiny lobster and coastal migratory pelagic resources fisheries are managed in conjunction with the South Atlantic Fishery Management Council (SAFMC).
Gulf of Mexico Fishery Management Plans 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Red Drum Shrimp Stone Crab Reef Fish Coastal Migratory Pelagic Resources (with SAFMC) Spiny Lobster (with SAFMC) Coral and Coral Reefs

Gulf of Mexico
Economic Impacts 1 In 2008, the Gulf Region's seafood industry generated $5.7 billion in sales in Florida, $2 billion in Louisiana, and $1.1 billion in Texas. Most of the seafood industry-related jobs in this region were also sustained in these states with 108,600 full- and part-time jobs in Florida, 44,000 jobs in Louisiana, and 42,500 jobs in Texas. Alabama (9,800 jobs) and Mississippi (8,600 jobs) followed in terms of employment supported by the seafood industry. Florida, Louisiana, and Texas also led the region in income impacts generated by the seafood industry with $3.1 billion, $1.1 billion, and $990 million, respectively. Landings Revenue In 2008, ex-vessel revenue from finfish and shellfish harvest totaled $659 million, a 20% decrease (36% in real terms) from 1999 ($823 million) and a 4% decrease (9% decrease in real terms) from 2007 ($690 million). Louisiana fishermen generated 41% of this revenue in 2008 ($273 million). Shellfish revenue accounted for 78% of total revenue in the Gulf, bringing in $513 million in 2008. This was a 20% decrease (36% in real terms) from 1999 ($645 million) and a 6% decrease (15% in real terms) from 2007 ($544 million). Finfish revenue decreased 18% (35% in real terms) from $178 million in 1999 to $146 million in 2008. Finfish revenue between 2007 and 2008 increased 0.25% (9.5% decrease in real terms).
Key Gulf of Mexico Commercial Species · · · · · Blue crab Stone crab Crawfish Groupers Menhaden · · · · · Mullets Oyster Shrimp Red snapper Tunas

Of the species or species groups covered in these fishery management plans, red snapper, greater amberjack, gag, and gray triggerfish are currently overfished. Of these species or species groups, only red snapper is not currently subject to overfishing. There are two limited access privilege programs (LAPP), a type of catch share program, currently in operation in the Gulf Region. The Gulf of Mexico red snapper fishery has been managed as an individual fishing quota (IFQ) fishery since 2007. A second IFQ program for Gulf of Mexico grouper and tilefish was implemented in 2010.

Commercial Fisheries
In 2008, commercial fishermen in the Gulf of Mexico harvested 1.27 billion pounds of finfish and shellfish that earned $659 million in total landings revenue. Shellfish landings generated 78% of total revenue in the region ($513 million). Shrimp was a significant component of total revenue (56% of total revenue), generating $366 million in 2008 for 188 million pounds of catch. Menhaden had the highest landings of any key species or species group with over 927 million pounds landed in 2008. This species accounted for 73% of total landings in the Gulf. At $0.07 per pound, this low value species generated $64.4 million in revenue or 10% of total revenue generated across the region. Total revenue generated by fishermen in Louisiana and Texas was highest in the Gulf with $273 million and $176 million, respectively. West Florida ($122 million), Alabama ($44.3 million), and Mississippi ($43.7 million) followed in total revenue of finfish and shellfish. In terms of landings, Louisiana (916 million pounds) and Mississippi (202 million pounds) harvested the most catch in the region. Menhaden contributed most to these total landings with 738 million pounds and 189 million pounds landed, respectively. Texas (73 million pounds), West Florida (60 million pounds), and Alabama (24 million pounds) followed. Shrimp contributed $130 million to Louisiana's landings revenue with 89 million pounds harvested in 2008. However, shrimp revenue in Texas was higher at $157 million for 63.9 million pounds landed.

Total revenue decreased in real terms in all Gulf States from 1999-2008: 26% (35% in real terms) in West Florida, 10% (25% in real terms) in Mississippi, 21% (56% in real terms) in Texas, 6% decrease (35% in real terms) in Louisiana, and 12% decrease (30% in real terms) in Alabama. Shellfish revenue followed this declining trend with the largest decrease in West Florida (38%, 50% in real terms) followed by Mississippi (29%, 43% in real terms), Texas (21%, 36% in real terms), Louisiana (12%, 29% in real terms), and Alabama (16%, 33% in real terms). Finfish revenue trends were more variable than the shellfish trends across the Gulf States largely due to the effect of lost oyster beds on total shellfish revenues from Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Mississippi (37% increase, 9.6% in real terms) and Alabama (47%, 18% in real terms) experienced increases over the 10 year period. In Mississippi, this increase was largely due to menhaden revenue which increased 55% (24% in real terms) from $12 million (1999) to $19 million (2008). Large increases in revenue generated from sharks (34,400%, 27,490% in real terms), vermillion snapper (1,534%, 1,207% in real terms), and Spanish mackerel (343%, 254% in real terms)
1

Economic impacts for commercial fisheries reported here are for the state of Florida, not West Florida.

118

Regional Summary
drove Alabama's finfish revenue trend. In contrast, finfish revenue in West Florida (0.40%, 20% in real terms) and Texas (19%, 35% in real terms) experienced modest decreases, while Louisiana's finfish revenue experienced a larger decrease (37%, 49% in real terms).
Commercial Fish Facts Landings revenue · The Gulf's key species and species groups accounted for an average of 91% of total landings revenue from 1999-2008. · Shrimp accounted for the majority of total landings revenue in the region, averaging $424 million over the 10 year time period. Fishermen in Texas generated most of this total in 2008, followed by Louisiana, West Florida, Alabama, and Mississippi. · Crawfish revenue decreased 93% from 1999-2000, the largest annual decrease. This was followed by an 1,144% increase from 2000-2001, the largest annual increase. Landings · The Gulf's key species and species groups accounted for an average of 96% of total landings annually between 1999 and 2008. · Menhaden was a significant component of total landings over the 10 year time period, averaging 1.1 billion pounds annually. Fishermen in Louisiana harvested the majority of this species. · Crawfish landings decreased 97% from 1999-2000, the largest annual decrease, only to have the largest annual increase the following year, increasing 2,549% from 20002001. Prices · Stone crab had the highest ex-vessel price over the 10 year time period, averaging $4.12 per pound. Tunas ($2.85), red snapper ($2.56), oyster ($2.49), and groupers ($2.30) all averaged over $2 per pound. · Menhaden had the lowest average ex-vessel price at $0.05 per pound. Mullets ($0.67), blue crab ($0.72), and crawfish ($0.76) averaged under $1 per pound. · The largest annual increase in ex-vessel price was 120% for crawfish from 1999-2000. Crawfish also had the largest annual decrease the following year, decreasing -53% from 2000-2001.

Gulf of Mexico
Mississippi; and vermillion snapper (139% increase), oysters (36% decrease), Atlantic croaker (46% increase), and flounders (76% decrease) in Texas. Landings Commercial fishermen in the Gulf Region landed over 1.27 billion pounds of finfish and shellfish in 2008. This was an 36% decrease from the 2.0 billion pounds landed in 1999 and 9% decrease from 2007. Over 72% of total landings were harvested in Louisiana. Finfish were a significant component of landings totals (78% of total landings) with Gulf fishermen harvesting 990 million pounds in 2008. This was a 39% decrease from 1999 (1.6 billion pounds) but a 7% decrease from 2007 (1 billion pounds). Shellfish landings also declined, decreasing 23% from 1999 to 2008 and decreasing 15% from 2007-2008. Finfish landings decreased in all five Gulf states between 1999 and 2008. Louisiana (43%) had the largest decrease followed by Texas (40%), Mississippi (23%), West Florida (22%), and Alabama (4%). Shellfish landings also decreased in all five states in the region. The largest decrease was observed in West Florida (48%), Mississippi (36%), followed by Texas (20%), and Louisiana (19%), and Alabama (13%). Menhaden contributed 73% to total landings in 2008 with most of this catch harvested in Louisiana (738 million pounds) and Mississippi (189 million pounds). Between 1999 and 2008, menhaden harvest decreased 39% and decreased 8% between 2007 and 2008. From 1999-2008 Menhaden landings decreased 39%. Menhaden catch in Louisiana mirrored these trends, decreasing 43% from 1999 to 2008 and decreasing 8% from 2007 to 2008. Mississippi's menhaden harvest decreased 21% from 1999-2008 and 12% from 2007 to 2008. Other key species or species groups in the Gulf Region with large changes in landings between 1999 and 2008 include: sharks (14,000% increase), vermillion snapper (1050% increase), Spanish mackerel (249% increase), and oysters (81% decrease) in Alabama; red snapper (81% increase), blue crab (76% increase), quahog clam (83% decrease), and shrimp (38% decrease) in West Florida; mullets (83% decrease) and tunas (73% decrease) in Louisiana; flounders (81% decrease) and mullets (89% decrease), and blue crabs (51% decrease) in Mississippi; and vermillion snapper (87% increase) and flounders (80% decrease) in Texas. Prices Overall, in 2008 the ex-vessel price for seven of the ten key species or species groups was higher than their 10 year average annual price per pound. From 1999 to 2008 large changes included tuna (77% increase), red snapper (71% increase), oyster (45% increase); stone crab (27% decrease), and crawfish (24% decrease). Between 2007 to 2008, stone crab had the largest decrease in price (31%), and menhaden (17%). Shrimp (19%) and tuna (13%) experienced double digit increases. All other key species or groups experienced single digit changes.

Shrimp contributed more to the Gulf Region's total revenue over the ten year period from 1999 to 2008 than any other key species or group: $424 million or 58% of total revenue. The shrimp revenue in 2008 was a 24% less (38% in real terms) than the 1999 shrimp revenue ($479 million) and there was a less than 1% decrease (10% in real terms) relative to 2007 ($367 million). Oyster (23% increase, but a 2% decrease in real terms), crawfish (12% decrease, 29% in real terms), and mullets (58% decrease, 62% in real terms) also experienced large changes in revenue between 1999 and 2008. Other Gulf of Mexico key species or species groups with large changes in state landings revenue from 1999-2008 include: vermillion snapper (1,500% increase), and sharks (34,400% increase), oysters (74% decrease), red snapper (69% increase), and menhaden (70% decrease) in Alabama; red snapper (201% increase), oyster (48% increase), quahog clams (87% decrease), and shrimp (42% decrease) in West Florida; king mackerel (64% increase), mullets (86% decrease), and red snapper (64% decrease) in Louisiana; blue crab (34% decrease), mullets (91% decrease), flounders (75% decrease), oysters (54% increase), and shrimp (42% decrease) in

119

Regional Summary
Across the Gulf Region, other key species or groups with large changes in ex-vessel price from 1999 to 2008 include: sharks (110% increase), menhaden (175%), red snapper (92%), oyster (37%), and shrimp (11% decrease) in Alabama; lobsters (48% increase), red snapper (67%), blue crab (77%), and quahog clam (22% decrease) in West Florida; red snapper (82% increase), king mackerel (76%), oyster (42%), and tuna (78%) in Louisiana; menhaden (100%), oyster (64%), blue crab (33%), in Mississippi; and Atlantic croaker (28%), red snapper (54%), oysters (53%), tuna (86%) and grouper (61%) in Texas.

Gulf of Mexico
followed in sales and value-added impacts. Across the region, these economic impacts were largely generated from direct expenditures on durable equipment made by anglers rather than fishing trip-related expenditures. Total fishing trip and durable equipment expenditures were $12.5 billion across the Gulf of Mexico Region in 2008. Approximately 89% of these expenditures were related to durable equipment purchases. Boat ($5.8 billion), fishing tackle ($1.7 billion), and vehicle expenses ($1.5 billion) accounted for the majority of durable equipment expenditures. Expenditures by Gulf of Mexico residents related to fishing trips totaled $866 million. Most of these purchases were related to fishing trips taken from a private or rental boat (70% of trip-related expenditures by residents). The region's non-resident anglers generated $582 million in trip-related expenditures with most of these expenses related to fishing trips taken from shore (48% of trip-related expenditures by non-residents). Participation 2 In 2008, there were nearly 3.2 million recreational fishermen from either a coastal or non-coastal county in the Gulf of Mexico Region. 3 This was a 61% increase from 1999 (2.0 million anglers) but a 10.5% decrease from 2007 (over 3.6 million anglers). The number of coastal county anglers in 2008 (2.9 million anglers) increased 60% relative to 1999 (1.8 million anglers) but decreased 9.6% relative to 2007 (3.2 million anglers). Non-coastal county angler participation in 2008 (262,000 anglers) increased 73.5% relative to 1999 (151,000 anglers) and decreased 19.6% relative to 2007 (326,000 anglers). Approximately 57% of the total number of resident anglers in the Gulf region were located in West Florida. The majority of recreational fishermen in Louisiana and Mississippi were residents of a coastal county within their respective state. These anglers accounted for 73% of total anglers in Louisiana (795,000 anglers) and 61% of anglers in Mississippi (119,000 anglers). Out-of-state residents made up the majority of anglers in West Florida and Alabama: 53% of total anglers in West Florida (2.0 million anglers) and 43% of total anglers in Alabama (240,000 anglers). Anglers from the Gulf Region's non-coastal counties 4 comprised a minority of total anglers in 2008: 11% of anglers in Louisiana, 13% of anglers in Mississippi, and 21% of anglers in Alabama. Fishing Trips Anglers took 24 million fishing trips in 2008. This was a 52% increase from 1999 (16 million trips) and a 1%

Recreational Fishing
There were 3.2 million resident recreational fishermen who took a fishing trip in the Gulf of Mexico Region in 2008. Almost 92% of these anglers were residents of a regional coastal county. Of the 24 million fishing trips taken in 2008, over 60% of them were taken from a private or rental boat. The most commonly caught key species or species group was spotted seatrout with 32.6 million fish harvested or released in 2008. This key species accounted for 49% of fish caught by anglers in the Gulf Region.
Key Gulf Recreational Species · Drum (Atlantic croaker) · Drum (Gulf and southern kingfish) · Drum (sand and silver seatrout) · Drum (spotted seatrout) · Red drum · · · · Southern flounder Spanish mackerel Striped mullet Porgies (sheepshead) · Red snapper

Economic Impacts and Expenditures Recreational fishing activities in West Florida supported more jobs than any other state in the Gulf Region with approximately 54,600 full- and part-time jobs supported in 2008. Louisiana (25,600 jobs), Texas (25,500 jobs), Alabama (4,700 jobs), and Mississippi (2,900 jobs) followed in terms of employment impacts from angler fishing trips and durable equipment expenditures. The majority of these jobs were related to durable equipment expenditures: 92% in Mississippi, 91% in Texas, 84% of jobs in Louisiana, 80% of jobs in West Florida, and 67% in Alabama. In terms of employment impacts related to fishing trips taken by anglers, industries that provided services for shore-based fishing trips supported most of the triprelated full-and part-time jobs in West Florida (4,800 jobs) and Alabama (600 jobs). Private or rental boat trips supported most of the trip-related jobs in Louisiana (2,600 jobs), Texas (1,300 jobs), and Mississippi (146 jobs). The contribution of recreational fishing activities in the Gulf Region are also reported in terms of state level sales and value-added impacts as well as expenditures on fishing trips and durable equipment. In 2008, in-state sales and value-added impacts were highest in West Florida ($5.65 billion in sales impacts; $3.1 billion in value-added impacts) and Texas ($3.3 billion ; $1.7 billion). Louisiana ($2.3 billion; $1.2 billion), Alabama ($455 million; $235 million), and Mississippi ($383 million; $149 million)

2

These estimates do not include Texas. Participation (number of anglers) and effort (number of fishing trips) information for Texas was not available for this report. 3 At the state level, out-of-state anglers are estimated. However at the region level, out-of-region anglers are not estimated thus only Gulf Region resident anglers are discussed here. In Fisheries Economics of the U.S., 2006 (FEUS 2006), angler participation totals from 1997-2006 incorrectly included out-of-state anglers at the region level. In this report, the 1999-2008 angler participation totals excludes these anglers and so the annual region totals reported here are smaller than those reported in FEUS 2006. 4 All resident anglers in Florida are considered coastal county anglers.

120

Regional Summary
decrease from 2007 (24.3 million trips). In 2008, most fishing trips were taken from a private or rental boat: 14.6 million fishing trips or 60% of total trips taken in the Gulf of Mexico. Shore-based fishing trips ranked second in popularity with 8.7 million trips taken in 2008 despite a 2.9% decrease in trips taken between 2007 and 2008. Approximately 839,000 fishing trips were taken from a forhire boat. There were approximately 17 million fishing trips taken in West Florida in 2008. This represented 71% of total trips taken in the region. Most of these trips were taken from a private or rental boat (57% of trips taken in West Florida). Private or rental boat trips were also popular in Louisiana and Mississippi: 75% of trips in Louisiana and 61% of trips in Mississippi. In Alabama, private boat rentals (57%) were the most popular mode in 2008. Shore-based (40% of trips) were the second most popular fishing mode in Alabama. Harvest and Release Of the Gulf Region's key species and species groups, spotted seatrout was the most often caught by anglers with 32.6 million fish caught in 2008. This key species accounted for 49% of the key species or species groups caught by recreational fishermen. Over 60% of these spotted seatrout were released by anglers rather than harvested. Red drum was another key species that was caught in large numbers: over 9.7 million fish caught in 2008 with 67% of these fish released rather than harvested. These fish were most often caught in West Florida and Louisiana. In 2008, five of the Gulf Region's key species or species groups were more often harvested rather than released by anglers: striped mullet (81.7% harvested), southern flounder (78% harvested), Gulf and southern kingfish (69% harvested), sand and silver seatrout (60% harvested), and sheepshead (55% harvested). Red snapper (73% released) and Atlantic croaker (67% released) were examples of key species or groups with a greater percentage of fish released rather than harvested. Of the Gulf's key species or species groups, Spanish mackerel (44.3% increase), red drum (58%), and spotted seatrout (29%) experienced the largest increases in recreational catch between 1999 and 2008. The following Gulf key species decreased in catch from 1999 to 2008; Gulf and southern kingfish (4% decrease), sand and silver seatrout (15% decrease), southern flounder (7.5% decrease), striped mullet (15 % decrease), and red snapper (18% decrease). All other key species or groups increased during this period. Between 2007 and 2008, two key species or species groups experienced double digit percentage declines: southern flounder and red snapper. Catch totals for the other key species or groups experienced changes in catch totals of less than 10%. Significant (double digit) increases in catch were experienced by Gulf and southern kingfish (16%), sand and silver seatrout (26%), and sheepshead (35%). All other key species that increased from 20072008 experienced an increase of less than 10%.

Gulf of Mexico
Recreational Fishing Facts Participation · In the Gulf of Mexico, an average of 3.1 million anglers fished annually from 1999-2008. Most of these anglers fished in West Florida. · The region's coastal county residents made up 92% of total anglers both in 2008 over the ten year time period. · Non-coastal county resident anglers increased 66% from 2005-2006 experienced the largest annual increase in participation. These anglers also had the largest annual decrease in participation, decreasing 40% from 2004-2005. In 2008, non-coastal county residents decreased nearly 20% from 2007. Fishing trips · An average of 22 million fishing trips were taken annually in the Gulf Region between 1999 and 2008. Most of these trips were taken in West Florida. · Private or rental boat trips accounted for 14.6 million fishing trips in 2008. This mode of fishing trip made up 61% of trips taken that year. · The largest annual increase in fishing trip mode was a 43% increase in shore-based fishing trips from 1999-2000. This type of fishing trip also had the largest annual decrease over the time period, a 26% decrease from 2001-2002. Harvest and release · The key species or species group in the Gulf of Mexico that were most often caught was spotted seatrout with an average of 28 million fish caught over the 10 year time period. Over 62% of these fish was released rather than harvested. · Six of the Gulf's ten key species or groups were more often released rather than harvested by recreational fishermen from 1999 to 2008. Atlantic croaker (70% released), red drum (67%), red snapper (68%), and spotted seatrout (62%) are examples. · Key species or groups more often harvested by anglers were striped mullet (83% harvested), southern flounder (78%), sand and silver seatrout (70%), and Gulf and southern kingfish (69%). · Spanish mackerel had the largest annual increase in catch, increasing 96% from 2005-2006. Gulf and southern kingfish had the largest annual decrease in catch, decreasing 53% from 2001-2002.

At the state level, spotted seatrout was the most commonly caught key species or species group in Louisiana, West Florida, Mississippi, and Texas. In 2008, nearly 20 million fish were caught in Louisiana, 10.5 million fish were caught in West Florida, 1.2 million fish were caught in Mississippi, and 920,000 fish were caught in Texas. Atlantic croaker was key species most often caught by recreational fishermen in Alabama with 2 million fish caught in 2008.

Marine Economy 5
The Gulf of Mexico's gross domestic product was $2.35 trillion in 2007. Employee compensation totaled $1.23 trillion and annual payroll totaled $787 billion. These economic measures increased 77%, 39%, and 63%, respectively, from 1998 to 2007, and 25%, 21%, and 19%, from 2006 to 2007. Approximately 1.3 million establishments employed 21 million full- and part-time employees in 2007. This was a 15% increase in number of

5 Information for 2007 is reported in this section; 2008 data were not available for this report.

121

Regional Summary
establishments and a 19% increase in number of employees from 1998 to 2007. Increases were also observed from 2006 to 2007, 1.3% and 7.6%, respectively. In 2007, Texas had the highest number of employees, annual payroll, employee compensation, and gross state product levels in the region, while Florida 6 had the highest establishment numbers. Florida had over 523,000 establishments that employed 7.43 million employees and Texas had 521,000 establishments that employed 9 million employees. Gross state product in Texas was $1.15 trillion, followed by Florida ($741 billion), Louisiana ($207 billion), Alabama ($165 billion), and Mississippi ($88 billion). Louisiana had the highest commercial fishing location quotient (CFLQ) at 2.5 in 2007. This was a 36% increase from 1998 and a 10% increase from 2006. Louisiana's CFLQ suggests that the level of employment in commercial fishing-related industries in this state is more than two times higher than the level of employment in these industries nationwide. 7 Across the Gulf region, the CFLQ was also higher than the national baseline in Mississippi (1.96) but lower than the national CFLQ in Florida (0.99), Alabama (0.33), and Texas (0.32). Seafood Sales and Processing In 2007, there were 399 nonemployer firms engaged in seafood product preparation and packaging with annual receipt totals of $24 million. Respectively, this was a 64% and 34% increase (19% in real terms) relative to 1999 levels. Most of these firms were located in Florida and this state experienced the largest increases from 1999-2007 in this industry: 166% increase in number of firms and 47% increase (30% in real terms) in annual receipt totals. Louisiana also experienced large increases in firms (85%) and annual receipts (114%), while Alabama experienced a 40% decrease (47% in real terms) in annual receipts during this time period. Employer establishments engaged in seafood product preparation and packaging totaled 132 in 2007. These establishments employed approximately 8,740 full-and part-time workers and generated $220 million in annual payroll. Region-wide, there was a 26% decrease in establishments engaged in this industry, a 23% decrease in employees, and a 8% increase in annual payroll totals (5% decrease in real terms). More of these establishments were located in Louisiana (31%) than anywhere else in the region, but the largest change in establishment numbers was observed in Florida, a 53% decrease from 1999 levels. The Gulf of Mexico's seafood wholesale annual payroll totals increased 34% (19% in real terms) between 1999 and 2007 to $168 million in 2007. Establishment and employee numbers decreased 22% and 13%, respectively, to 546 establishments and approximately 4,700 full-and part-time employees. These declining trends were mirrored at the state level with the largest declines in Alabama (34% decrease in number of establishments) and

Gulf of Mexico
Mississippi (52% decrease in number of employees, and 14% decrease in annual payroll (24% in real terms)). The payroll in Texas increased the most over this time period from $33 million in 1999 to $52 million in 2007, a 58% increase (40% in real terms). In 2007, there were 815 seafood retail nonemployer firms with total annual receipts of $74 million across the region. This was a 27% increase in firm numbers and a 38% increase in annual receipts region-wide from 1999 to 2007. The largest state level increases in annual payroll occurred in Mississippi (72%, 53% in real terms) and Louisiana (51%, 34% in real terms). More of these firms were located in Florida (39%) than in any other state in the region. Employer establishments engaged in seafood retail increased 19% across the Gulf of Mexico to 380 establishments in 2007. More of these establishments were located in Florida (44%) than in any other state in the region. Region-wide, this industry employed almost 2,000 full- and part-time workers with an annual payroll of $38 million in 2007. From 1999 to 2007, employee numbers increased 16% and annual payroll totals increased 21% (7% in real terms). At the state level, the largest changes were observed in Alabama with a 50% increase in establishments and 189% increase in payroll; Louisiana experienced a 56% increase in employees; Florida saw a 14% increase in employees and a 27% increase in establishments; there was a 140% increase (110% in real terms) in annual payroll in Louisiana, and in Texas there was a 28% decrease in annual payroll), and 27% decrease (36% in real terms) in number of employees. Transport, Support, and Marine Operations Marina industries had the highest number of establishments in this sector with 755 establishments region-wide in 2007. This was a 9% decrease relative to 1999 levels. Most of these industries were located in Florida (65%). At the state level, the largest decrease in marina-related establishments was in Louisiana (36%) and the largest increase was in marina-related payroll which experienced a 79% increase (59% in real terms) in Florida. Ship and boat building industries employed the most people in 2007 (48,000 full- and part-time workers) and had the highest annual payroll ($2.0 billion). Employment numbers decreased 2% from 1999-2007. Annual payroll totals increased 31% over this time period (16% in real terms) despite a 110% increase (83% in real terms) in Alabama. Other industries with large to modest changes from 19992007 were: coastal and Great Lakes freight transportation (33% decrease in number of establishments in Mississippi); deep sea passenger transportation (300% increase in number of establishments in Texas and a 57% decrease in establishments in Louisiana); marina industries (32% increase in number of employees in Florida, 82% increase (61% in real terms) in annual payroll in Alabama and 79% increase (59% in real terms) in Florida); marine cargo handling (50% decrease in establishments in Mississippi and a 21% decrease in Florida); and port and harbor operations (61% increase in number of establishments in Florida and 60% decrease in establishments in Alabama).

6

7

Information reported here is for the state of Florida, not West Florida. The CFLQ for the U.S. is 1.0. This provides a national baseline from which state CFLQs can be compared.

122

Commercial Fisheries

Gulf of Mexico

2008 Economic Impacts of the Gulf of Mexico Region Seafood Industry (thousands of dollars)
Total Landings Revenue Alabama Florida Louisiana Mississippi Texas 44,317 169,711 272,884 43,696 176,098 Total Sales Impacts 445,449 5,657,246 2,033,587 390,702 2,013,272 Total Income Impacts 244,568 3,108,084 1,059,617 197,903 994,140 Total Job Impacts 9,750 108,695 43,711 8,575 42,541

Total Landings Revenue and Landings Revenue of Key Species/Species Groups (thousands of dollars)
1999 Total Revenue Finfish & Other Shellfish Crab, Blue Crab, Stone Crawfish Groupers Menhaden Mullets Oyster Shrimp Snapper, Red Tunas 823,364 177,997 645,367 43,128 24,080 10,480 22,684 78,514 14,129 48,568 479,079 9,589 11,635 2000 997,270 179,109 818,161 47,573 28,670 684 24,124 80,674 11,697 53,115 655,759 10,368 14,017 2001 807,403 164,959 642,444 42,862 20,477 8,511 25,986 72,366 10,206 52,285 497,202 10,251 9,187 2002 681,646 147,338 534,308 42,913 23,091 8,070 24,631 52,116 8,877 50,756 385,679 10,714 13,227 2003 662,902 139,373 523,530 46,243 23,043 4,845 24,257 45,863 8,265 61,634 365,434 10,447 12,000 2004 669,002 143,479 525,523 42,292 26,704 4,810 25,807 44,921 8,956 60,845 366,426 11,676 12,335 2005 625,038 122,642 502,396 37,961 21,223 8,360 24,692 32,938 6,593 56,510 360,513 11,336 9,431 2006 691,220 135,982 555,238 43,355 24,115 1,290 22,795 44,946 9,429 62,316 397,706 13,167 8,461 2007 689,614 145,282 544,332 45,851 26,189 9,011 20,240 62,109 5,432 69,533 367,029 9,565 10,535 2008 659,104 145,639 513,466 38,671 18,830 9,273 22,762 64,376 5,970 59,509 366,269 7,964 6,151

Total Landings and Landings of Key Species / Species Groups (thousands of pounds)
1999 Total Landings Finfish & Other Shellfish Crab, Blue Crab, Stone Crawfish Groupers Menhaden Mullets Oyster Shrimp Snapper, Red Tunas 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 887,920 310,283 50,041 4,534 15,177 10,776 815,495 9,023 20,174 216,291 4,109 3,050 2006 2007 2008 993,371 281,281 47,293 6,086 15,346 8,500 927,517 10,349 20,414 188,492 2,368 1,777 2,004,446 1,795,396 1,613,163 1,728,899 1,595,895 1,475,139 1,198,203 1,362,326 1,403,246 1,274,652 1,637,524 1,397,440 1,254,170 1,377,421 1,228,816 1,110,240 366,922 68,996 5,654 13,226 11,185 20,045 24,016 242,795 4,888 5,959 397,955 68,898 6,848 393 11,418 16,812 25,767 288,628 4,844 4,631 358,993 54,500 6,682 10,410 12,167 16,084 25,621 257,088 4,642 3,463 351,478 66,019 6,433 15,602 12,003 12,661 24,110 233,759 4,803 4,877 367,080 63,961 5,292 8,337 10,933 12,957 27,033 256,357 4,435 5,063 364,899 60,581 5,971 8,537 11,912 13,750 25,052 255,782 4,677 3,882 974,969 1,070,591 387,357 67,481 4,806 1,469 9,092 12,727 19,674 288,973 4,637 2,851 332,656 57,728 5,854 15,802 7,307 8,747 22,518 225,154 2,997 3,426

1,530,487 1,303,895 1,165,244 1,290,407 1,142,747 1,023,260

901,398 1,005,324

Average Annual Price for Key Species / Species Groups (price per pound)
1999 Crab, Blue Crab, Stone Crawfish Groupers Menhaden Mullets Oyster Shrimp Snapper, Red Tunas 0.63 4.26 0.79 2.03 0.05 0.70 2.02 1.97 1.96 1.95 2000 0.69 4.19 1.74 2.11 0.06 0.70 2.06 2.27 2.14 3.03 2001 0.79 3.06 0.82 2.14 0.06 0.63 2.04 1.93 2.21 2.65 2002 0.65 3.59 0.52 2.05 0.04 0.70 2.11 1.65 2.23 2.71 2003 0.72 4.35 0.58 2.22 0.04 0.64 2.28 1.43 2.36 2.37 2004 0.70 4.47 0.56 2.17 0.04 0.65 2.43 1.43 2.50 3.18 2005 0.76 4.68 0.55 2.29 0.04 0.73 2.80 1.67 2.76 3.09 2006 0.64 5.02 0.88 2.51 0.05 0.74 3.17 1.38 2.84 2.97 2007 0.79 4.47 0.57 2.77 0.06 0.62 3.09 1.63 3.19 3.07 2008 0.82 3.09 0.60 2.68 0.07 0.58 2.92 1.94 3.36 3.46

123

Recreational Fisheries
2008 Economic Impacts of Recreational Fishing Expenditures (thousands of dollars)
Alabama Louisiana Mississippi Texas 1 West Florida Trips 1,671,081 4,540,890 968,800 1,337,146 16,928,072 Jobs 4,719 25,590 2,930 25,544 54,589 Total Sales 455,093 2,297,078 382,778 3,288,135 5,650,068

Gulf of Mexico

Value Added 235,481 1,156,796 148,837 1,656,545 3,075,710

2008 Angler Trip & Durable Equipment Expenditures (thousands of dollars)
Fishing Mode For-Hire Private Boat Shore Total Trip Expenditures Trip Expenditures Non-Residents Residents 136,959 88,338 164,123 608,883 280,967 169,194 582,049 866,416 Durable Equipment Expenditures Fishing Tackle Other Equipment Boat Expenses Vehicle Expenses Second Home Expenses Total Durable Equipment Expenditures Expenditures 1,710,813 658,565 5,822,630 1,536,283 1,368,065 11,096,356 12,544,820

Total State Trip and Durable Equipment Expenditures

Recreational Anglers by Residential Area (thousands of anglers) 2
Coastal Non-Coastal Out-of-State Total Anglers 1999 1,834 151 NA3 1,985 2000 2,539 191 NA3 2,730 2001 2,898 227 NA3 3,125 2002 2,485 216 NA3 2,701 2003 3,039 256 NA3 3,294 2004 3,185 318 NA3 3,503 2005 3,133 190 NA3 3,323 2006 3,328 315 NA3 3,643 2007 3,235 326 NA3 3,562 2008 2,926 262 NA3 3,188

Recreational Fishing Effort by Mode (thousands of trips)2
For-Hire Private Boat Shore Total Trips 1999 877 9,098 5,919 15,894 2000 812 11,728 8,478 21,018 2001 742 12,371 9,776 22,890 2002 764 11,635 7,266 19,666 2003 691 14,110 8,155 22,957 2004 818 14,107 9,430 24,355 2005 712 12,629 8,530 21,871 2006 820 13,837 9,206 23,863 2007 876 14,435 8,957 24,267 2008 839 14,574 8,695 24,109

Harvest (H) and Release (R) of Key Species / Species Groups (number of fish in thousands)2
Species/Groups Drum (Atlantic Croaker) Drum (Gulf & Southern Kingfish) Drum, Red Drum (Sand & Silver Seatrout) Drum (Spotted Seatrout) Flounder, Southern Mackerel, Spanish Mullet, Striped 3 Porgies (Sheepshead) Snapper, Red H R H R H R H R H R H R H R H R H R H R 1999 974 2,427 1,670 679 2,134 3,991 5,272 1,738 9,055 16,167 646 101 1,621 1,243 1,303 148 1,366 1,433 1,207 1,997 2000 1,783 4,302 1,652 432 3,266 5,469 4,711 1,596 11,608 16,758 563 108 1,714 1,497 1,478 390 1,298 1,728 767 1,427 2001 1,432 2,755 2,552 1,044 3,115 5,146 3,360 1,063 9,381 11,202 732 171 2,477 1,845 1,561 733 1,478 1,649 848 1,807 2002 832 2,757 1,205 477 2,478 4,874 3,256 1,069 7,366 15,298 506 117 1,962 1,920 1,264 76 1,552 1,701 1,106 2,091 2003 1,057 2,431 1,802 538 2,673 5,915 3,111 1,003 9,568 19,217 659 252 1,504 2,211 1,587 280 1,941 2,004 993 1,942 2004 938 3,404 1,886 911 2,850 5,538 2,292 1,064 10,569 18,282 706 212 2,120 2,183 1,141 116 2,475 2,194 1,077 2,140 2005 747 1,913 1,636 884 2,173 5,319 1,825 790 9,977 19,702 507 185 1,134 1,385 1,112 211 1,979 1,982 829 1,904 2006 1,430 2,476 1,494 1,063 2,814 7,024 2,726 1,677 15,564 20,872 560 178 1,936 3,011 1,146 157 1,452 1,541 969 2,558 2007 1,332 2,648 1,260 671 2,973 6,057 2,998 1,739 11,575 19,036 609 194 1,708 2,110 986 176 1,324 1,073 1,117 2,755 2008 1,409 2,836 1,548 700 3,189 6,512 3,565 2,401 13,150 19,415 540 151 1,873 2,259 1,006 225 1,787 1,442 709 1,916

1

The Marine Recreational Information Program (MRIP) does not collect participation (number of anglers) or effort (number of trips) data for Texas. Participation and effort estimates for Texas are therefore not included in either the Recreational Anglers by Residential Area or Recreational Fishing Effort tables. To calculate trip and durable equipment expenditures and impacts, effort and participation was estimated based on 2008 data provided by the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department (TPWD). 2 Excludes Texas; effort (number of trips), participation (number of anglers), and key species (number of species harvested or released) data from Texas was either not compatible with the other Gulf states or were not available. 3 This species may not be equivalent to species with similar names listed in the commercial tables.

124

Commercial Fisheries
2008 Economic Impacts of the Alabama Seafood Industry (thousands of dollars)
Sales Impacts Total Impacts Commercial Harvesters Seafood Processors & Dealers Seafood Wholesalers & Distributors Retail Sectors 445,449 39,003 86,651 15,331 304,464 Income Impacts 244,568 14,699 43,279 7,567 179,022

Alabama

Job Impacts 9,750 883 963 143 7,761

Total Landings Revenue and Landings Revenue of Key Species/Species Groups (thousands of dollars)
1999 Total Revenue Finfish & Other Shellfish Crab, Blue Flounders Mackerel, Spanish Menhaden Mullets Oysters Sharks Shrimp Snapper, Red Snapper, Vermilion 50,488 2,818 47,670 2,079 264 138 198 1,656 919 1 44,669 140 29 2000 64,075 2,560 61,515 3,086 285 229 147 1,072 1,755 36 56,661 218 25 2001 44,941 3,361 41,580 1,744 238 310 130 1,448 1,235 14 38,592 280 55 2002 35,925 3,175 32,751 1,490 291 371 102 985 1,602 275 29,603 368 54 2003 36,844 3,185 33,658 1,715 210 443 104 772 1,623 337 30,284 359 83 2004 37,036 3,905 33,131 1,774 230 554 89 1,187 2,120 431 29,197 382 152 2005 39,726 3,982 35,744 663 247 401 63 1,117 3,020 478 32,002 638 149 2006 48,558 4,572 43,986 1,319 223 573 48 1,171 3,639 463 39,022 536 318 2007 48,723 3,595 45,128 1,711 261 440 70 981 2,698 204 40,710 208 320 2008 44,317 4,140 40,176 1,533 214 611 59 1,011 243 345 38,386 237 474

Total Landings and Landings of Key Species / Species Groups (thousands of pounds)
1999 Total Landings Finfish & Other Shellfish Crab, Blue Flounders Mackerel, Spanish Menhaden Mullets Oysters Sharks Shrimp Snapper, Red Snapper, Vermilion 27,438 5,568 21,870 3,768 155 243 2,387 2,069 377 3 17,721 68 16 2000 30,530 4,837 25,693 4,784 159 384 1,642 1,739 792 69 20,103 94 13 2001 25,858 6,253 19,605 2,458 137 506 1,589 2,539 575 24 16,566 118 27 2002 23,658 5,451 18,207 2,575 176 762 982 1,949 759 329 14,857 152 28 2003 25,535 5,982 19,553 2,958 118 858 1,022 1,700 816 803 15,770 132 36 2004 26,559 6,248 20,311 3,329 138 914 828 2,133 908 716 16,064 138 66 2005 23,985 5,552 18,432 1,024 130 568 521 1,976 1,041 800 16,260 214 66 2006 34,033 6,498 27,535 2,384 118 873 350 1,913 940 1,227 24,201 177 122 2007 29,379 4,810 24,569 2,557 133 565 469 1,793 769 315 21,238 58 128 2008 24,423 5,370 19,053 1,799 107 849 268 1,977 73 423 17,171 60 184

Average Annual Price for Key Species / Species Groups (price per pound)
1999 Crab, Blue Flounders Mackerel, Spanish Menhaden Mullets Oysters Sharks Shrimp Snapper, Red Snapper, Vermilion 0.55 1.70 0.57 0.08 0.80 2.44 0.39 2.52 2.05 1.81 2000 0.65 1.79 0.60 0.09 0.62 2.22 0.52 2.82 2.32 2.01 2001 0.71 1.74 0.61 0.08 0.57 2.15 0.58 2.33 2.37 2.04 2002 0.58 1.65 0.49 0.10 0.51 2.11 0.83 1.99 2.41 1.92 2003 0.58 1.78 0.52 0.10 0.45 1.99 0.42 1.92 2.72 2.31 2004 0.53 1.67 0.61 0.11 0.56 2.33 0.60 1.82 2.78 2.32 2005 0.65 1.91 0.71 0.12 0.57 2.90 0.60 1.97 2.98 2.26 2006 0.55 1.89 0.66 0.14 0.61 3.87 0.38 1.61 3.03 2.61 2007 0.67 1.97 0.78 0.15 0.55 3.51 0.65 1.92 3.61 2.50 2008 0.85 2.01 0.72 0.22 0.51 3.34 0.82 2.24 3.93 2.57

125

Recreational Fisheries
2008 Economic Impacts of Recreational Fishing Expenditures (thousands of dollars)
Impact Category Trip Impacts by Fishing Mode: For-Hire Private Boat Shore Total Durable Equipment Impacts Total State Trip and Durable Equipment Economic Impacts Jobs 389 580 599 3,151 4,719 Total Sales 29,063 55,207 48,751 322,071 455,093

Alabama

Value Added 15,998 30,225 26,225 163,033 235,481

2008 Angler Trip & Durable Equipment Expenditures (thousands of dollars)
Fishing Mode For-Hire Private Boat Shore Total Trip Expenditures Trip Expenditures Non-Residents Residents 12,846 6,550 15,146 38,978 21,816 17,519 49,807 63,047 Durable Equipment Expenditures Fishing Tackle Other Equipment Boat Expenses Vehicle Expenses Second Home Expenses Total Durable Equipment Expenditures Expenditures 62,069 28,006 218,563 36,762 22,333 367,733 480,587

Total State Trip and Durable Equipment Expenditures

Recreational Anglers by Residential Area (thousands of anglers)
Coastal Non-Coastal Out of State Total Anglers 1999 131 92 143 367 2000 143 94 148 385 2001 213 113 227 553 2002 123 97 193 413 2003 187 123 214 524 2004 223 159 345 728 2005 231 93 161 485 2006 233 184 320 736 2007 253 169 291 712 2008 192 116 237 545

Recreational Fishing Effort by Mode (thousands of trips)
For-Hire Private Boat Shore Total Trips 1999 80 613 477 1,170 2000 62 545 479 1,087 2001 63 825 748 1,636 2002 68 606 516 1,190 2003 67 846 588 1,500 2004 77 907 1,056 2,040 2005 55 806 705 1,566 2006 77 857 1,209 2,143 2007 74 1,007 1,038 2,120 2008 56 949 666 1,671

Harvest (H) and Release (R) of Key Species / Species Groups (number of fish in thousands)
Species/Groups Bluefish Drum (Atlantic Croaker) Drum (Kingfishes) 1 Drum, Red Drum (Sand Seatrout) Drum (Spotted Seatrout) Flounder, Southern Mackerel, Spanish Porgies (Sheepshead) Snapper, Red H R H R H R H R H R H R H R H R H R H R 1999 86 76 212 605 386 214 85 95 892 269 155 250 126 40 341 120 130 18 402 618 2000 62 59 225 539 433 193 58 73 557 185 166 245 65 16 185 57 141 60 267 685 2001 89 113 360 546 1,202 368 136 172 712 180 295 356 182 45 328 115 313 109 349 910 2002 51 64 187 467 412 162 84 104 428 130 193 167 82 16 106 16 191 81 473 983 2003 45 126 244 512 486 185 114 245 709 225 345 431 113 68 122 100 299 88 380 665 2004 167 187 132 786 813 382 119 145 716 345 199 142 114 58 398 253 383 98 411 654 2005 24 93 159 748 483 300 127 160 410 333 344 367 114 74 94 58 284 89 277 560 2006 26 264 330 683 572 589 112 176 725 506 308 449 113 51 143 89 216 75 197 688 2007 33 208 289 930 514 247 99 128 688 428 308 418 98 38 99 30 282 33 232 659 2008 24 80 730 1,287 821 240 94 221 1,257 493 269 684 84 36 136 36 314 126 132 435

1

Kingfishes include southern kingfish and Gulf kingfish.

126

Marine Economy
Alabama's State Economy (% of national total)
Establishments 1998 2007 % change 100,316 (1.4%) 105,627 (1.4%) 5.3% Employees 1,604,110 (1.5%) 1,722,834 (1.4%) 7.4% Annual Payroll ($ millions) Employee Compensation ($ millions) 1 40,331 (1.2%) 71,810 (1.2%) 58,263 (1.2%) 44.5% 96,788 (1.2%) 34.7% Gross State Product ($ millions) 106,656 (1.2%) 164,524 (1.2%) 54.2%

Alabama

Commercial Location Quotient 2 0.4 0.33 -17.5%

Seafood Sales & Processing - Nonemployer Firms (thousands of dollars)
1999 Seafood product preparation & packaging Seafood Sales, retail Firms Receipts Firms Receipts 47 2,598 44 3,503 2000 46 3,677 44 3,878 2001 39 2,711 50 3,633 2002 44 3,603 58 3,456 2003 36 1,168 55 3,812 2004 43 3,413 61 3,645 2005 40 3,414 44 3,855 2006 34 1,558 57 4,802 2007 47 1,547 61 4,279

Seafood Sales & Processing ­ Employer Establishment (thousands of dollars)
1999 Seafood product preparation & packaging Seafood sales, wholesale Seafood sales, retail Establishments Employees Payroll Establishments Employees Payroll Establishments Employees Payroll 16 1,776 29,809 47 ND 3 ND 22 53 625 2000 17 1,725 33,811 47 887 10,252 28 ND ND 2001 21 1,880 32,692 45 692 9,597 30 95 1,244 2002 22 1,951 36,198 36 547 7,062 35 110 1,589 2003 24 2,057 36,766 33 611 6,148 37 ND ND 2004 23 2,037 36,130 31 588 6,752 35 96 1,401 2005 26 1,925 38,229 26 607 6,345 34 95 1,399 2006 24 1,629 34,703 26 395 6,195 28 ND ND 2007 23 1,510 32,774 31 395 6,202 33 ND 1,809

Transport, Support, & Marine Operations ­ Employer Establishments (thousands of dollars)
1999 Coastal & Great Lakes freight transportation Deep sea freight transportation Deep sea passenger transportation Marinas Establishments Employees Payroll Establishments Employees Payroll Establishments Employees Payroll Establishments Employees Payroll Marine cargo handling Navigational services to shipping Port & harbor operations Ship & boat building Establishments Employees Payroll Establishments Employees Payroll Establishments Employees Payroll Establishments Employees Payroll 10 ND ND 4 ND ND 1 ND ND 57 276 5,153 22 687 23,312 19 184 5,116 5 16 668 42 2,954 83,325 2000 8 ND ND 3 ND ND 1 ND ND 59 ND ND 21 ND ND 16 ND ND 5 ND ND 41 2,421 78,014 2001 9 ND ND 2 ND ND 2 ND ND 61 ND ND 19 617 20,809 11 ND ND 7 ND ND 41 2,575 105,756 2002 6 ND ND 2 ND ND NA 4 NA NA 48 242 4,966 19 635 20,592 15 220 9,317 6 162 6,321 45 2,901 92,916 2003 13 ND ND 5 53 3,661 1 ND ND 53 287 6,218 17 445 19,642 12 410 19,602 3 ND ND 41 2,781 81,092 2004 10 ND ND 3 ND ND 1 ND ND 52 341 7,631 18 577 26,201 16 ND ND 1 ND ND 42 2,195 83,756 2005 10 ND ND 3 ND ND 1 ND ND 58 347 8,047 17 672 28,458 17 ND ND 3 ND ND 45 2,591 86,453 2006 6 15 754 3 ND ND 1 ND ND 52 312 8,388 14 ND ND 18 ND ND 3 ND ND 47 3,027 121,185 2007 8 48 3,266 5 46 3,553 1 ND ND 52 364 9,382 19 491 21,076 16 338 17,554 2 ND ND 42 3,570 172,380

1 2 3

Employee Compensation data for 1998 were not available. Data from 2001 are reported here. The U.S. Commercial Fishing Location Quotient (CFLQ) of 1.0 represents the national baseline from which state CFLQs can be compared. ND = Data are suppressed due to confidentiality restrictions. 4 NA = Data are not available.

127

Commercial Fisheries
2008 Economic Impacts of the Louisiana Seafood Industry (thousands of dollars)
Sales Impacts Total Impacts Commercial Harvesters Seafood Processors & Dealers Seafood Wholesalers & Distributors Retail Sectors 2,033,587 288,703 273,892 150,070 1,320,922 Income Impacts 1,059,617 122,563 86,728 74,444 775,882

Louisiana

Job Impacts 43,711 6,150 2,765 1,427 33,369

Total Landings Revenue and Landings Revenue of Key Species/Species Groups (thousands of dollars)
1999 Total Revenue Finfish & Other Shellfish Crab, Blue Crawfish Mackerel, King Menhaden Mullets Oysters Shrimp Snapper, Red Snapper, Vermilion Tunas 336,963 100,860 236,104 28,210 10,480 790 66,327 5,307 25,777 171,481 5,644 1,332 9,081 2000 421,199 105,389 315,810 34,395 684 1,017 68,586 5,265 27,526 253,032 5,841 932 12,027 2001 347,253 86,823 260,430 31,967 8,511 996 58,961 2,417 31,853 187,969 5,411 1,114 7,895 2002 280,630 70,327 210,303 30,685 8,070 1,046 40,378 1,688 30,296 141,213 4,696 1,308 10,845 2003 270,408 63,299 207,109 33,623 4,845 990 34,464 2,592 33,358 135,153 3,960 1,896 9,471 2004 274,082 66,074 208,008 29,881 4,810 1,198 35,249 2,681 34,814 138,466 3,861 1,663 10,739 2005 251,678 49,443 202,235 27,419 8,360 1,273 25,776 946 33,305 133,143 3,568 1,137 7,687 2006 278,292 60,735 217,557 32,605 1,290 1,112 36,441 2,061 35,999 147,652 4,472 762 7,040 2007 289,010 65,180 223,830 34,816 9,011 1,298 41,368 686 40,139 139,842 2,529 991 8,334 2008 272,884 64,010 208,874 31,075 9,273 1,297 45,768 748 38,225 130,290 2,038 819 4,393

Total Landings and Landings of Key Species / Species Groups (thousands of pounds)
1999 Total Revenue Finfish & Other Shellfish Crab, Blue Crawfish Mackerel, King Menhaden Mullets Oysters Shrimp Snapper, Red Snapper, Vermilion on Tunas 2000 2001 2002 2003 985,164 196,443 48,089 8,337 911 953,714 4,524 13,609 125,730 1,725 1,053 3,184 2004 895,336 200,235 44,397 8,537 984 862,947 4,754 13,902 133,370 1,560 921 3,230 2005 849,280 681,322 167,959 38,100 15,177 867 657,702 1,238 12,099 102,576 1,316 588 2,296 2006 918,675 714,545 204,130 53,394 1,469 971 689,853 3,361 11,417 137,839 1,653 365 2,143 2007 999,054 814,643 184,411 44,865 15,802 879 789,621 1,375 12,858 110,860 807 517 2,476 2008 915,956 759,269 156,687 39,762 15,346 786 738,092 1,499 12,613 88,962 589 409 1,244 1,524,728 1,359,242 1,195,654 1,312,139 1,181,607 1,095,571 1,331,608 1,148,595 1,003,402 1,124,627 193,121 46,664 13,226 838 8,954 12,128 121,004 2,965 741 4,594 210,647 52,047 393 949 7,253 12,718 145,385 2,784 504 3,871 192,252 41,799 10,410 818 4,260 15,133 124,813 2,436 601 2,706 187,511 50,123 15,602 866 2,555 13,962 107,795 2,178 755 3,587

1,288,558 1,111,979

971,102 1,093,997

Average Annual Price for Key Species / Species Groups (price per pound)
1999 Crab, Blue Crawfish Mackerel, King Menhaden Mullets Oysters Shrimp Snapper, Red Snapper, Vermilion Tunas 0.60 0.79 0.94 0.05 0.59 2.13 1.42 1.90 1.80 1.98 2000 0.66 1.74 1.07 0.06 0.73 2.16 1.74 2.10 1.85 3.11 2001 0.76 0.82 1.22 0.06 0.57 2.10 1.51 2.22 1.86 2.92 2002 0.61 0.52 1.21 0.04 0.66 2.17 1.31 2.16 1.73 3.02 2003 0.70 0.58 1.09 0.04 0.57 2.45 1.07 2.30 1.80 2.97 2004 0.67 0.56 1.22 0.04 0.56 2.50 1.04 2.47 1.81 3.33 2005 0.72 0.55 1.47 0.04 0.76 2.75 1.30 2.71 1.93 3.35 2006 0.61 0.88 1.15 0.05 0.61 3.15 1.07 2.71 2.09 3.29 2007 0.78 0.57 1.48 0.05 0.50 3.12 1.26 3.13 1.92 3.37 2008 0.78 0.60 1.65 0.06 0.50 3.03 1.46 3.46 2.00 3.53

128

Recreational Fisheries
2008 Economic Impacts of Recreational Fishing Expenditures (thousands of dollars)
Impact Category Trip Impacts by Fishing Mode: For-Hire Private Boat Shore Total Durable Equipment Impacts Total State Trip and Durable Equipment Economic Impacts 876 2,620 700 21,395 25,590 83,241 278,573 67,115 1,868,150 2,297,078 Jobs Total Sales

Louisiana

Value Added 47,264 137,012 33,880 938,640 1,156,796

2008 Angler Trip & Durable Equipment Expenditures (thousands of dollars)
Fishing Mode For-Hire Private Boat Shore Total Trip Expenditures Trip Expenditures Non-Residents 28,635 25,098 3,455 57,188 Residents 25,223 187,154 51,100 263,477 Durable Equipment di Fishing Tackle Other Equipment Boat Expenses Vehicle Expenses Second Home Expenses Total Durable Equipment d Expenditures 337,076 162,931 1,623,196 122,308 161,050 2,406,560 2,727,225

Total State Trip and Durable Equipment Expenditures

Recreational Anglers by Residential Area (thousands of anglers)
1999 Coastal Non-Coastal Out of State Total Anglers 409 33 91 533 2000 552 67 118 737 2001 593 67 137 797 2002 484 68 117 669 2003 727 79 204 1,011 2004 747 133 179 1,059 2005 706 68 138 911 2006 868 108 198 1,174 2007 853 124 157 1,134 2008 795 120 170 1,084

Recreational Fishing Effort by Mode (thousands of trips)
1999 For-Hire Private Boat Shore Total Trips 64 1,979 579 2,621 2000 94 2,722 935 3,752 2001 118 2,646 851 3,615 2002 94 2,251 674 3,019 2003 104 3,295 872 4,271 2004 139 3,446 1,209 4,795 2005 128 2,639 1,159 3,926 2006 176 3,381 934 4,491 2007 141 3,165 1,210 4,516 2008 175 3,416 950 4,541

Harvest (H) and Release (R) of Key Species / Species Groups (number of fish in thousands)1
Species Drum (Atlantic Croaker) Drum, Black Drum, Red Drum (Sand Seatrout) Drum (Southern Kingfish) Drum (Spotted Seatrout) Flounder, Southern Porgies (Sheepshead) Snapper, Red Tuna, Yellowfin H R H R H R H R H R H R H R H R H R H R 1999 369 1,037 351 401 1,763 2,663 999 402 160 110 7,025 6,089 380 41 322 266 80 198 7 1 2000 958 2,967 679 1,079 2,774 3,866 1,257 610 153 67 9,616 6,726 388 71 389 384 98 112 3 (1) 2001 532 1,157 446 828 2,652 3,380 449 205 145 180 7,698 4,007 258 65 326 453 55 48 14 1 2002 281 1,055 511 885 2,042 3,277 599 506 105 23 5,270 3,862 272 48 607 433 47 40 8 (1) 2003 379 1,011 485 834 2,143 3,545 983 302 159 63 7,318 7,484 407 115 805 520 71 166 14 (1) 2004 405 2,011 509 904 2,349 3,103 601 419 309 112 8,082 7,794 475 102 1,174 525 83 240 8 (1) 2005 528 919 314 525 1,554 2,445 773 204 335 286 7,317 7,046 290 64 867 482 104 308 14 2 2006 914 1,411 389 657 2,254 3,848 1,161 651 153 166 13,230 10,644 387 80 474 507 201 438 11 (1) 2007 856 1,173 351 682 2,390 3,360 1,122 578 118 34 9,337 7,401 356 83 309 290 148 277 8 1 2008 373 1,013 501 967 2,559 3,819 1,177 1,130 103 141 10,811 8,993 309 45 714 485 90 254 19 8

1

In this table, "1" = 1000-1499 fish were harvested or released and "(1)" = 0-999 fish were harvested or released.

129

Marine Economy
Louisiana's State Economy (% of national total)
Establishments 1998 2007 % change 100,667 (1.5%) 104,622 (1.4%) 3.9% Employees 1,577,220 (1.5%) 1,646,151 (1.4%) 4.4% Annual Payroll ($ millions) 40,802 (1.2%) 59,190 (1.2%) 45.1% Employee Compensation ($ millions) 1 70,219 (1.2%) 94,817 (1.2%) 35.0%

Louisiana

Gross State Product ($ millions) 118,085 (1.4%) 207,407 (1.5%) 75.6%

Commercial Location Quotient 2 1.84 2.50 35.8%

Seafood Sales & Processing - Nonemployer Firms (thousands of dollars)
1999 Seafood product preparation & packaging Seafood Sales, retail Firms Receipts Firms Receipts 46 3,050 165 13,847 2000 39 3,466 172 11,806 2001 58 2,918 170 12,586 2002 66 3,006 185 15,201 2003 73 4,678 208 22,637 2004 75 10,097 204 18,148 2005 76 8,513 156 14,585 2006 99 8,179 181 20,046 2007 85 6,523 196 20,932

Seafood Sales & Processing ­ Employer Establishment (thousands of dollars)
1999 Seafood product preparation & packaging Seafood sales, wholesale Seafood sales, retail Establishments Employees Payroll Establishments Employees Payroll Establishments Employees Payroll 56 1,755 34,496 163 1,354 19,741 89 502 4,954 2000 56 1,282 45,285 162 1,187 21,717 88 438 5,162 2001 50 1,141 48,331 164 1,245 23,053 88 518 5,636 2002 50 1,185 52,861 152 1,270 22,363 123 640 7,033 2003 54 1,693 56,562 134 1,001 19,539 109 796 9,406 2004 54 1,519 47,016 133 975 19,639 111 745 9,567 2005 50 1,556 43,801 128 1,037 17,649 106 723 8,277 2006 40 1,506 45,439 112 807 21,243 101 759 10,560 2007 41 1,253 41,391 119 954 21,604 101 781 11,827

Transport, Support, & Marine Operations ­ Employer Establishments (thousands of dollars)
1999 Coastal & Great Lakes freight transportation Deep sea freight transportation Deep sea passenger transportation Establishments Employees Payroll Establishments Employees Payroll Establishments Employees Payroll Establishments Marinas Employees Payroll Marine cargo handling Navigational services to shipping Port & harbor operations Ship & boat building Establishments Employees Payroll Establishments Employees Payroll Establishments Employees Payroll Establishments Employees Payroll 137 6,672 238,036 35 900 32,851 7 ND ND 78 ND ND 59 3,343 94,890 155 3,434 118,525 18 1,769 48,919 117 14,596 457,339 2000 131 5,925 239,195 34 ND 3 ND 9 ND ND 74 ND ND 59 3,183 94,375 142 3,288 120,337 18 1,413 49,875 121 14,023 434,510 2001 118 5,689 267,470 31 860 37,269 8 ND ND 74 ND ND 58 3,313 102,484 142 3,614 133,061 19 1,292 51,443 116 13,643 477,137 2002 109 5,494 236,730 28 647 29,432 6 66 2,748 57 345 8,724 47 3,089 114,659 148 3,371 135,223 15 1,136 47,191 113 12,786 448,749 2003 160 6,779 287,415 25 831 43,634 4 ND ND 53 409 11,019 47 3,784 131,274 118 2,738 112,412 13 363 18,331 113 12,910 452,315 2004 148 6,656 300,547 22 705 38,949 3 ND ND 52 ND ND 47 3,278 127,896 127 2,472 109,008 18 ND ND 113 13,206 460,606 2005 136 5,771 294,941 25 ND ND 3 ND ND 53 352 10,213 46 3,263 110,129 120 2,136 96,202 18 418 19,510 111 11,016 376,407 2006 137 6,397 386,136 24 595 35,269 2 ND ND 41 ND ND 51 3,100 118,748 129 2,204 115,222 18 436 29,676 108 11,521 437,028 2007 138 7,680 527,290 22 685 39,843 3 ND ND 50 378 17,794 49 2,978 128,207 128 2,508 141,757 14 467 31,734 112 12,808 503,199

1 2 3

Employee Compensation data for 1998 were not available. Data from 2001 are reported here. The U.S. Commercial Fishing Location Quotient (CFLQ) of 1.0 represents the national baseline from which state CFLQs can be compared. ND = Data are suppressed due to confidentiality restrictions.

130

Commercial Fisheries
2008 Economic Impacts of the Mississippi Seafood Industry (thousands of dollars)
Sales Impacts Total Impacts Commercial Harvesters Seafood Processors & Dealers Seafood Wholesalers & Distributors Retail Sectors 390,702 85,740 58,575 25,898 220,488 Income Impacts 197,903 26,443 29,251 12,785 129,424

Mississippi

Job Impacts 8,575 1,600 1,115 245 5,615

Total Landings Revenue and Landings Revenue of Key Species/Species Groups (thousands of dollars)
1999 Total Revenue Finfish & Other Shellfish Crab, Blue Flounders Menhaden Mullets Oysters Shrimp Snapper, Red 48,609 14,036 34,573 682 164 11,965 366 4,457 29,433 146 2000 58,751 13,706 45,046 637 184 11,922 167 6,113 38,294 220 2001 50,633 14,432 36,201 391 131 13,252 114 4,195 31,614 106 2002 47,565 12,627 34,938 572 63 11,625 22 4,456 29,910 100 2003 46,149 12,396 33,753 687 49 11,277 34 7,228 25,619 88 2004 43,618 10,485 33,133 658 32 9,564 54 6,073 26,353 71 2005 23,386 7,804 15,582 433 20 7,074 38 1,447 13,698 115 2006 21,586 8,959 12,628 928 36 8