Skyhook Wireless, Inc. v. GOOGLE, INC.

Filing 50

AFFIDAVIT in Support re 49 Preliminary Claim Construction Briefs. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit 1, # 2 Exhibit 2, # 3 Exhibit 3, # 4 Exhibit 4, # 5 Exhibit 5, # 6 Exhibit 6, # 7 Exhibit 7, # 8 Exhibit 8, # 9 Exhibit 9, # 10 Exhibit 10, # 11 Exhibit 11, # 12 Exhibit 12, # 13 Exhibit 13, # 14 Exhibit 14, # 15 Exhibit 15)(Lu, Samuel)

EXHIBIT 11

THE
AMERICAN
HERITAGE®
COLLEGE
DICTIONARY
THIRD EDITION

HOUGHTON MIFFLIN COMPANY

Boston • New York

SKYFED013815

Words are included in this Dictionary on the basis of their
usage. Words that are known to have current trademark registrations are shown with an initial capital and are also identified as trademarks. No investigation has been made of
common-law trademark rights in any word, because such investigation is impracticable. The inclusion of any word in this
Dictionary is not, however, an expression of the Publisher's
opinion as to whether or not it is subject to proprietary rights.
Indeed, no definition in this Dictionary is to be regarded as
affecting the validity of any trademark.
American Heritage® and the eagle logo are registered trademarks of Forbes Inc. Their use is pursuant to a license agreement with Forbes Inc.
Copyright 1997,
All rights reserved.

1993 by

Houghton Mifflin Company.

No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any
form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including
photocopying and recording, or by any information storage or
retrieval system without the prior written permission of
Houghton Mifflin Company unless such copying is expressly
permitted by federal copyright law. Address inquiries to Reference Permissions, Houghton Mifflin Company, 222 Berkeley
Street, Boston MA 02116.
0-395-67161-2 (UPC)

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
The American heritage college dictionary. —3rd ed.
p.
cm.
ISBN 0-395-66917-0 (plain edge). —ISBN 0-395-44638-4
(thumb edge). —ISBN 0-395-66918-9 (deluxe binding).
1. English language—Dictionaries. 2. Americanisms.
PE1628.A6227 1993
92-42124
423— dc20
CIP
Manufactured in the United States of America
For information about this and other Houghton Mifflin trade
and reference books and multimedia products, visit The
Bookstore at Houghton Mifflin on the World Wide Web at
http://wwvv.hmco.com/trade/.

SKYFED013816

having stiff pointed tail feathers and in the male brownish-red
upper plumage and a black-and-white head.
rude (raid) adj. rud • er, rud • est. 1. Relatively undeveloped;
primitive. 2.a. Being in a rough unfinished condition. b. Exhibiting a marked lack of skill or precision in work. C. In a
natural raw state: bales of rude cotton. 3.a. Lacking the graces and refinement of civilized life; uncouth. b. Lacking education or knowledge; unlearned. C. Ill-mannered; discourteous: rude behavior. 4. Vigorous, robust, and sturdy.
5. Abruptly and unpleasantly forceful: a rude shock. [ME <
OFr. < Lat. rudis.] rude , ly adv. --rude/fleas n.
o
ru • der • al (ro- dar- al) Bot. -- adj. Growing in rubbish, poor
land, or waste. - n. A ruderal plant. [NLat. ruderalis < Lat.
radus, rader-, rubbish.]
ru • di • ment (rob da-mant) n. 1. A fundamental element, principle, or skill, as of a field of learning. Often used in the
plural. 2. Something in an incipient or undeveloped form.
Often used in the plural. 3. Biol. An imperfectly or incompletely developed organ or part. [Lat. rudirrientum < rudis,
rough, unformed.] - ru , cli • men t tal (-men , tl) adj.
ru • di • men • ta • ry (rob' da-men ta-re, -rnen tre) adj. 1. Of or
relating to basic facts or principles; elementary. 2. Being in the
earliest stages of development; incipient. 3. Biol. Imperfectly
or incompletely developed; embryonic. -- ru cli • men • tar i•
ly (- tie r a - 16) adv. -- ru/dI • men/ta-ri • nese n.
Ru • dolf I (rero &If). 1218-91. Holy Roman emperor (1273 91) and founder of the Hapsburg dynasty.
Rudolf, Lake. See Lake Turkana.
Ru • dolph (rob , dole, Wilma Glodean. 1940-94. Amer. athlete
who won three gold medals in track at the 1960 Olympics.
o)
rue , (ro- v. rued, ru • ing, rues. - tr. To feel regret, remorse,
or sorrow for. -- intr. To feel regret, remorse, or sorrow.
- n. Sorrow; regret. [ME men < OE hreowan, to affect with
grief, and hreowian, to repent.] - ru f er n.
rue 2 (r.:To) n. Any of various aromatic southwest Asian or Mediterranean plants of the genus Ruta, esp. the ornamental R.
graveolens having bipirinately compound leaves that yield an
acrid volatile oil formerly used in medicine. [ME < OFr. <
Lat. rata, prob. < Gk. rhute.]
rue anemone n. A small North American woodland plant
(Anemonella thalictroides) having white or pinkish apetalous
flowers grouped in umbels.
rue • ful (ftro r fall adj. 1. Inspiring pity or compassion. 2. Causing, feeling, or expressing sorrow or regret. - ruerful • ly adv.
- rue f ful • ness n.
ru • fes • cent (rcIo-fts f ant) adj. Tinged with red. [Lat. rufescens,
rafeacent- pnpart. of rafescere, to become red < rafus, red,
reddish. See reudh - *.] - ru • fes I cence n.
ruff , (ruf) n. 1. A stiffly starched frilled or pleated circular
collar of fine fabric, worn in the 16th and 17th centuries.
2. A distinctive collarlike projection around the neck, as of
feathers on a bird. 3. A Eurasian sandpiper (Philomachus
pugnax), the male of which has collarlike erectile feathers
around the neck during the breeding season. [Perk- short for
auFRE 1 .] - ruffed adj.
ruff 2 (nif) Games. - n. 1. The playing of a trump card when
one cannot follow suit. 2. An old game resembling whist.
- tr. & intr.v. ruffed, ruff • ing, ruffs. To trump or play a
trump. [Obsolete Fr. ronfle, roffle, a kind of card game <
OFr. ronfle < renfler, to rise : re-, re- + enfler, to cause to
swell (< Lat. inflare; see INFLATE),]
ruff 3 (riff) n. A small European freshwater fish (Acerina cernua)
related to the perches. [ME ruffe, prob. < Med.Lat. ruffs, a
kind of fish.]
ruffed grouse (raft) n. A chickenlike North American game
bird (Bonizsa umbellus) with mottled brownish plumage, the
male of which makes drumming sounds with its wings.
ruf • fi • an (riif r e - an riff r yan) n. 1. A tough or rowdy man.
2. A thug or gangster. [Fr., pimp < OFr. rufien < OProv.
rufian < °Ital. ruffiano.] - ruf f fi • an • ism n. - rufffi•an•
ly adj.
ruf • fle l (Mif f al) n. 1. A strip of frilled or closely pleated fabric
used for trimming or decoration. 2. A ruff on a bird. 3.a. A
ruckus or fray. b. Annoyance; vexation. 4. An irregularity or
a slight disturbance of a surface. - v. - fled, - fling, - fles.
-tr. 1. To disturb the smoothness or regularity of ripple.
2. To pleat or gather (fabric) into a ruffle. 3. To erect (the
feathers). Used of birds. 4. To discompose; fluster. 5. To flip
through (the pages of a book). 6. Games. To shuffle (cards).
-intr. 1. To become irregular or rough. a To flutter. 3. To
become flustered. [< ME ruffelen, to roughen.]
'-n. A low continuous beating of a
ruf • fle 2 (riff al) Musa
drum that is not as loud as a roll. - tr.v. -fled, - fling, - fles.
To beat a ruffle on (a drum). [Perh. < freq, of ruff, a drum
roll, perh. of imit. orig.]
ruf • fle 3 (riff r al) intr.v. - fled, - fling, - fles. To behave arrogantly
or roughly; swagger [ME ruffelen, to quarrel.] - ruf f 'Her n.
ru • fl•yaa (ro o f fe -ya') n. See table at currency. [Hindi rupaya,
rupiyei < rupyam, silver coin. See Rum.]
ru • fous (ro- f fas) adj. Colon Strong yellowish pink to modero
ate orange; reddish. [< Lat. rtifus, red. See reuclh - *.]
rug (rug) n. 1. A heavy fabric used to cover a floor. 2. An

animal skin used as a floor covering. 3. Chiefly Brit
piece of thick warm fabric or fur used as a coverlet ish. A
Or lap
r g a e. ef
a .
g n ptio up e e
rur•ogbae.
5fo9l,c1, 6 c rease,
s 4
or
wrinkle, as in the lining of the stomach. Often used
in the
plural. [Lat. raga.1 - ru r gate' (-get') adj.
Rug • by l (rag' be). A municipal borough of central England
ESE of Birmingham; site of Rugby School where the game
Rugby was developed in the 19th cent. Pop
Rug • by 2 (rug' be) n. Sports. A form of football in which pla
ers on two competing teams may kick, dribble, or run
the ball but not make a forward pass. [After Rugby
School,
England.]
Rugby shirt n. A knit pullover shirt typically having long
sleeves, a front button closure, and bold horizontal stripes.Rii • gen (ra r gan, ra r -). An island of NE Germany in the Baltic
Sea, separated from the mainland by a narrow channel.
rugged (rtig ricl) adj. 1. Having a rough irregular surface.
2. Having strong features marked with furrows or wrinkles,
3. Having a sturdy build or strong constitution. 4. Temps.
tuous; stormy. 5. Demanding great effort, ability, or ends,.
ance: rugged living conditions. 6. Lacking culture or polish;
coarse and rude: rugged manners. [ME, shaggy, of Rand.
orig.] - rug r ged • ly adv. - rug , ged • ness n.
rug • ger (rile ar) n. Chiefly British. Rugby.
ru • gose (rcTo Os') also ru • gous (-gas) adj. 1. Having many
wrinkles or creases; ridged or wrinkled. 2. Bot. Having a
rough wrinkled surface. [Lat. rugosus < raga, wrinkle.]
- ru f gose'ly adv. - ru • gos i • ty (-Os r i-te) n.
or).
Ruhr (rd- A region of NW Germany along and N of the Ruhr
River. which flows c. 233 km (145 mi) W to the Rhine R.
ru • in (ncTo F in) n. 1. Total destruction or disintegration, either
physical, moral, social, or economic. 2. A cause of total It.
struction. 3.a. The act of destroying totally. b. A destroyed
person, object, or building. 4. The remains of something destroyed, disintegrated, or decayed. Often used in the plural:
the ruins of ancient Greece. - v. - fined, - in • ing, - ins. - Ir.
1. To destroy completely; demolish. 2. To harm irreparably, -3. To reduce to poverty or bankruptcy. 4. To deprive of char.
city. - intr. To fall into ruin. [ME ruine < OFr. < Lat. ruin,/
< ruere, to rush, collapse.] - ru f in • a • ble adj. - ru t In•er
Syns: ruin, raze, demolish, destroy, wreck. These verbs
mean to injure and deprive something - or, less often, some
one - of usefulness, soundness, or value. Ruin usually implies
irretrievable harm but not necessarily total destruction: "You
will ruin no more lives as you ruined mine" (Arthur Conan
Doyle). Raze, demolish, and destroy can all imply reduction
to ruins or even complete obliteration: Enemy forces razed the

city. The prosecutor demolished the opposition's argument. 'I
saw the best minds of my generation destroyed by madness
(Allen Ginsberg). To wreck is to ruin in or as if in a violent
collision: "The Boers had just wrecked a British mii as
train" (Arnold Bennett). When wreck is used in refers
the ruination of a person or his or her hopes or reputnn

Nlec

trJe

nik
gai

•1
gil'
2..
Ina
no

rho

OOOt

Wr3

?m
man
ran'
all
ally
MA'

lode
long
1.T
;vet
man
rant
sides
5ght
Low

rarthl
from
runith
Ns;
tiOUS

tome

food
boa
aim

id int
nut
by th
3. 41
F.Pa

implies irreparable shattering: "Coleridge, poet and p',:f,:pher wrecked in a mist of opium" (Matthew Arnold).
-inir
ru • in • ate (ro-o r a-ndt r ) adj. Having been ruined. [Med:Lan:se
dew
indtus < Lat. mina, ruin. See num]
tisnin
or the
ru • in • a • tion (rtTo'a-na r shan) n. 1. The act of ruining
-rut
cause of ruin.
condition of being ruined. 2. A
ru • in • ous (icTo a-nas) adj. 1. Causing or apt to cause ruin; N'Tni•

destructive. 2. Falling to ruin; dilapidated or decayed. -rut• ntdit
in • ous • ly adv. - rur in • ous • ness n.
I, To
Ruis • dael or Ruys • dael (riz i dal', ris r -, rois r -), Jacct van..
1628?-82. Dutch landscape painter whose baroqu wefh %gin
include Windmill at Wijk (c. 1665).
MIOng
Ru • key • ser (ro o ki-zar), Muriel. 1913 -80. Amer ',Tim articles
whose collections of poetry include The Gates (1976
'age
t u,r+
rule (rcrol) n. 1.a. Governing power or its possession '
authority. b. The duration of such power. 2.a. An authorr Li t. ad
rte.*
tative prescribed direction for conduct. b. The body of rep manna
lations prescribed by the founder of a religious order for gnr. onnib
erning the conduct of its members. 3. A usual, customarY.,1
,s1). of
generalized course of action or behavior. 4. A gene taut
rne
statement that describes what is true in most or all
,ofter
5. Math. A standard method or procedure for solving a 40
applcrol
ofproblems. 6. Law. a. A court order limited in
,atiatiC
to a specific case. b. A subordinate regulation govennn8,1 kre c,
l sof
particular matter. 7. See ruler 2. 8. Print. A thin meta
tinny
or
of various widths and designs, used to print borders
tlny
as between columns. - v. ruled, ruling, rules.
Strang
exercise control, dominion, or direction over gove:.1.
111/Or
de,
dominate by powerful influence. 3. To decide or 4.1
lin Usti
.
thoritatively or judicially; decree. See Syns at decide ' a 1'1; *Nit
mark with straight parallel lines. b. To mark (a straid
Oh% <
as with a ruler. - intr. 1. To be in total control or c,
exercise supreme authority. 2. To formulate and issu.
!Reads
5
or decision. 3. To prevail at a particular level
- phrasal verb. rule out. 1. To prevent; preclude. 2.
as
move from consideration; exclude. (oh
.1 of
general; for the most part. [ME reule < OFr. < VD< Lat. regula, rod, principle. See reg-*.] -

SKYFED013817