United States of America v. Maynard Steel Casting Company

Filing 11

CONSENT DECREE signed by Magistrate Judge William E Duffin on 5/30/2017. Within 30 days after the Effective Date of this Consent Decree, Defendant shall pay the first of 5 consecutive monthly sums of $5,000 each, as a civil penalty, together wit h interest accruing from the date on which this Consent Decree is lodged with the Court, at the rate specified in 28 USC § 1961 as of the date of lodging. The parties shall bear their own costs, including attorneys' fees, except that the Uni ted States shall be entitled to collect the costs (including attorneys' fees) incurred in any action necessary to collect any portion of the civil penalty or any stipulated penalties due but not paid by Defendant. The Court shall retain jurisdic tion over this case until termination of this Consent Decree. This Consent Decree shall constitute a final judgment of the Court. See Consent Decree for additional details. (Attachments: # 1 Appendix A - EAF Fume Collection System Study, # 2 Ap pendix B - Maynard Steel Casting Company Operation & Maintenance Plan and Malfunction Prevention & Abatement Plan, # 3 Appendix C - Electric Arc Furnace - Outdoor Fugitive Emissions Opacity Monitoring Protocol, # 4 Appendix D - Maynard Steel Documents Used for Civil Penalty Ability-to-Pay Analysis, # 5 Appendix E - Diagram of RCRA Containment Structure) (cc: all counsel)(lz)

Consent Decree in
United States of America v.
Maynard Steel Casting Co. (E.D. Wis.)
Appendix C
Electric Arc Furnace – Outdoor Fugitive Emissions
Opacity Monitoring Protocol

1.0

Purpose

Uncaptured particulate matter (“PM”) emissions from electric arc furnace (“EAF”) charging,
melting, refining, and tapping operations that are not directly or secondarily captured by an
EAF Fume Collection System (“FCS”), generally may not be emitted to the atmosphere if they
exhibit an opacity greater than 20 percent for a 6-minute interval, pursuant to s. NR 431.05,
Wisconsin Administrative Code, and as specified under Paragraph 16 of the Consent Decree.
This Protocol serves to detail the compliance monitoring approach that will be employed,
when required, to measure the outdoor opacity associated with any fugitive emissions
attributed to EAF operations that may emanate from the melt department of the Maynard
Steel Casting Company (“Maynard”) foundry and into the ambient atmosphere.
1.1

Background

Maynard currently has four EAFs, which are designated as EAF Nos. 4, 5, 6, and 7—each of
which is equipped with a FCS that includes a shaker—type baghouse. Maynard’s internal
nomenclature refers to the foundry operations in the East End building (approximately the
northern-most third of which physically houses EAF No. 7) as the “No-Bake Foundry” – See
Figure 1. The portion of the facility that houses the balance of the foundry operations,
including EAF Nos. 4, 5, and 6, is referred to as the “Greensand Foundry”, which spans a
continuous area along the north side of the facility that runs from west to east – See Figure 1.
Although the “Greensand Foundry” ends at the East End building, there is no physical
internal wall that separates the “Greensand Foundry” from the “No-Bake Foundry”. While
these names describe the majority of foundry operations that are typically performed in the
respective areas, the descriptions are not to be interpreted as exclusive – e.g., no-bake
molds can be poured & cooled in the “Greensand Foundry”.
EAF Nos. 4, 5, and 6 are located in the west portion of the “Greensand Foundry”. These
furnaces are arranged in order of increasing numeric identifier (4-5-6) from west to east. A
north-south air curtain that bisects the bay is positioned to the immediate east of EAF No. 6,
and is intended to retain the majority of the fugitive indoor emissions from these three
furnaces in the west end of the “Greensand Foundry” to provide opportunities for secondary
capture of such emissions via the local capture hoods of the associated FCSs. The
approximate locations of the air curtain and of each of the EAFs are depicted on Figure 1.
The vertical temperature gradient within the foundry tends to increase from floor to ceiling,
which contributes to a prevailing air movement from floor to ceiling due to the thermal
buoyancy of the air. Ordinarily, the source of energy that causes air to rise above a hot
process and expand into a thermal plume is caused by natural (i.e., not forced) convective
heat transfer off of hot surfaces. In the case of an EAF, natural convection is accompanied
by another significant source of thermal energy that is not convective, namely the high
thermal gradient between the furnace interior and the surrounding air, coupled with the

EAF 5

EAF 6

MAYNARD STEEL CASTING COMPANY
EAF Opacity Monitoring Protocol
Figure 1. General Layout [2015-09-21]

Greensand Foundry

EAF 4

Approximate
Location of Air
Curtain

2

Penthouse

Stationary Camera Locations

Planned Camera Locations (Green Bull's-eyes)

Current Location Plan

Original Location Plan

EAF 7

No-Bake Foundry

expansion of compressed air within the furnace, which pushes air upward via buoyant forces
in a jet stream that exits the EAF through the annular spaces around the electrodes.
Consequently, the velocity of the rising air within the foundry varies from area to area,
depending on various factors, including ambient temperature, the nature of hot processes
(e.g., temperature, heated surface area, etc.), thermal energy inputs, and local exhaust hood
capture efficiency, etc. In particular, the velocity is expected to be higher in areas
immediately above an operating EAF due to the associated localized acute thermal energy.
The intensity of the thermal rise in air masses decreases as air cools and the thermal energy
dissipates. Additionally, when the rising air mass contacts the underside of the roof, it tends
to roll and, in so doing, loses energy and changes air flow direction; thereby providing
opportunities for local capture hoods associated with powered FCSs to secondarily capture
the air along with any entrained PM emissions. If the rising and/or rolling air mass
encounters an opening in the building (e.g., windows, pedestrian doors, vents, windows,
etc.), then a portion of the air – along with any uncaptured PM contained therein – has the
potential to migrate out of the building and into the atmosphere as fugitive emissions.
As detailed in a May 1, 2013, transmittal to the USEPA from Maynard, which is hereby
incorporated by reference, there are limited areas in the roofs of the melt department of the
foundry through which uncaptured emissions have the potential to migrate out of the building,
to the extent that such areas are not otherwise closed or sealed. The areas include, but are
not necessarily limited to gaps in steel panels on the roof, pedestrian doors, and rotary roof
exhaust vents (non-operating). Notably, a penthouse runs along the approximate east-west
centerline axis of the “Greensand Foundry”, as depicted on Figure 1, which is flanked on both
the north and the south sides by hinged, 4’ x 8’ windowed panels. Natural draft openings
associated with these panels are possible if they are not completely closed, or if windows are
damaged or are otherwise misaligned. Such openings are reasonably anticipated to be the
most likely path for concentrated fugitive emissions from EAF operations to exit the building
(particularly in the area immediately above an operating EAF) due two primary factors:
1. Proximity to the Source of PM Emissions: Uncaptured emissions tend to dissipate the
further they migrate from the source and as the plume expands; therefore, fugitive
emissions may reasonably be more concentrated when leaving the building via openings
that are closest to the EAF.
2. Intensity & Redirection of Air Mass: The intensity of the thermal rise tends to decrease as
thermal energy dissipates with increasing distance from the source of the thermal energy.
The higher the intensity, the greater the likelihood for uncaptured PM emissions entrained
in the air mass to more forcibly exit the building via available openings. Moreover, as the
rising air mass encounters the underside of the penthouse roof, it begins to roll, thereby
changing direction from vertical to horizontal and then down again. Within the penthouse,
the roll initially redirects the air mass towards the windowed panels on the north and south
sides of the foundry.

3

2.0

Methods and Approach

The EAF melting operations normally take place during off-peak hours, between 8:00 p.m.
and 8:00 a.m. Understanding that the majority of the EAF operations take place after sunset
and before sunrise, compliance with the applicable opacity requirement must be
demonstrated using methods that use available natural or artificial lighting. The primary
method that will be used for opacity monitoring during both nighttime and daytime hours is
discussed under Section 2.1, while alternate methods for nighttime and daytime monitoring
are discussed in Sections 2.2 and 2.3, respectively.
2.1 Opacity Monitoring – Primary Approach
The primary method that Maynard will use to measure opacity from its EAF operations during
both nighttime and daytime hours is EPA Alternate Method 082 (ASTM D7520) - Standard
Test Method for Determining the Opacity of a Plume in the Outdoor Ambient Atmosphere1. In
accordance with this method, digital imagery and associated hardware and software are used
to determine the opacity of a plume. Opacity is determined by applying a Digital Camera
Opacity Technique (“DCOT”) that consists of a digital still camera, analysis software, and the
output functions2 content to obtain and interpret digital images of a plume.
This method uses a digital camera to capture a set of images against a contrasting
background. Then analysis software is used to determine the plume opacity of each image
by comparing a selected portion of the plume image where opacity is being measured to the
background providing the contrasting values. The analysis software averages the opacities
from a series of digital images taken over a fixed period of time.
2.1.1 Digital Still Camera
Maynard has purchased two VIVOTEK SD8363E Speed Dome Network Cameras with
1080p full HD resolution and a 20x optical zoom lens (specifications provided in
Attachment 1). Each camera is enclosed in a IP66- and NEMA 4X-rated housing that
protects the camera body against rain, dust, and corrosion within a wide temperature
range of between -40°C to 55°C. According to the manufacturer (VIVOTEK Inc.), this
camera is especially suited for monitoring wide open outdoor spaces such as airports,
highways, and parking lots where high-level reliability and precision are required. This
camera model is equipped with a pan/tilt mechanism that provides precise movement
with continuous 360-degree pan and 220-degree tilt. The lens position can be
controlled via a mouse or a joystick to track an object of interest, and to set up to 256
preset positions. This camera model was DCOT certified in accordance with Section
9, ASTM D7520, by Virtual Technology, LLC on June 22, 2015, and June 25, 2015, to
capture daytime and nighttime images, respectively.

1

Although Section 6.2 of ASTM D7520-13 states that this method shall only be used during daytime conditions,
USEPA Region 5, during a January 27, 2015, meeting with Maynard, specifically identified this method as being
acceptable for use in nighttime opacity monitoring. Virtual Technology, LLC affirmed the acceptability of this
method by USEPA Region 5 for nighttime opacity monitoring during a meeting with Maynard on February 23,
2015.

Defined under Section 3.2.9 of ASTM D7520-13 as “human readable information documenting the image being
analyzed and configuration of the Analysis Software used, the opacity measurement and the other required
environment variables defined (for example, view angle, wind direction).”
2

4

These digital cameras are capable of continuous digital motion image recording from
which digital still images can be extracted for analysis. Such images are in JPEG
format that adheres to the Exchangeable Image File (EXIF) 2.1 (or higher) format
standard required under Section 4.2.1, ASTM D7520. Images captured for analysis
are required to use the camera’s auto-focus and auto-exposure settings, and may use
the optical zoom feature. However, any flash, optical filters, digital zoom, and image
stabilization of the camera may not be used when recording digital images of the
plumes.
This Protocol has been developed to include two stationary, roof-mounted cameras for
redundancy, and to provide flexibility in selecting an appropriate camera position for
use in obtaining images for analysis (e.g., considering factors such as prevailing air
flow direction). The approximate locations for the two cameras are planned for
opposite ends of the melt department along its east-west axis, as illustrated on Figure
1. At each location, the camera will be mounted above the roof surface. The west
location will be positioned so that is can look east from atop the north wall of the
Greensand Foundry (i.e., above the crane level windows), thereby providing views of
fugitive emissions from north-facing openings along the melt department in the
immediate vicinity of EAFs 4, 5, and 6 (i.e., looking down along the crane level
windows, and along the north-facing penthouse windows). This position is also
intended to provide a view of fugitive emissions from EAF 7 that may emanate from
the roof of the East End Building. For the east end location, the camera will be
positioned atop the west side of the roof of the East End building so that it can look
east across the roof of the East End building, and also rotate to look west along the
approximate east-west centerline of the penthouse of the Greensand Foundry. From
this vantage point, fugitive emissions can be monitored from the roof of the East End
building and along the length of the Greensand Foundry.
The cameras will be initially located at the planned locations described above to obtain
test images that will be submitted to Virtual Technology, LLC. These test images will
be used to determine if the locations and relative positioning of the cameras yield
adequate images for opacity determination via its analysis software, which is
discussed in Section 2.1.3 of this Protocol. If so, then the camera locations will be
established as describe above. Otherwise, alternate locations will be investigated as
directed by Virtual Technology, LLC in consultation with appropriate Maynard
representatives with appropriate knowledge related to the technical feasibility
associated with potential alternate locations (e.g., in due consideration of access to
power, obstructions, etc.).
2.1.2 Ambient Lighting
A plume is most visible and presents the greatest apparent opacity when it is viewed
against a contrasting background. In accordance with Section 4.2.4 of ASTM D7520,
ambient light must be sufficient to show a clear contrast between the plume and its
background. According to Mr. Shawn Dolan, President - Virtual Technology, LLC (i.e.,
the company that certified the above-noted camera), the nighttime certification of the
camera model discussed in Section 2.1.1 (above) was completed with a clear sky and
approximately half a moon without any supplemental backlighting. Based on a
September 2015, review by Virtual Technology of test nighttime images with overcast

5

skies, supplemental backlighting is expected to be necessary for nighttime opacity
monitoring. To do this, supplemental artificial lighting will be provided to wash the
roof-top areas in the immediate vicinity of the EAFs with sufficient artificial lighting to
provide an adequate contrasting background against which opacity will be measured.
Maynard will provide USEPA, for review and approval, site-specific lighting plans for:
(1) conducting nighttime opacity observations with a certified observer; and (2)
conducting nighttime opacity readings using a certified camera, in accordance with
Paragraph 48 of the Consent Decree.
If opacity monitoring is conducted during daylight hours (i.e., after sunrise and before
sunset), then natural lighting will serve as the ambient lighting in lieu of the artificial
lighting described above.
2.1.3 Analysis Software
The opacity from the digital images captured via the cameras, which are digitally time
and date stamped, will be evaluated using Digital Optical Compliance System II
(DOCS II) software, which is commercially available only from Virtual Technology,
LLC. Meteorological information (e.g., wind speed & direction) used in the
assessment is obtained via National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
resources that are representative of Maynard’s location. The portion of the plume
selected for opacity determination will represent the part of the plume with the highest
apparent opacity, excluding water vapor, as determined by the DCOT operator3, and
will be centered in the digital image (Sections 4.2.5 through 4.2.8, ASTM D7520).
In brief, the software compares selected “in the plume” areas to selected “background”
areas adjacent to the plume. The difference between “in the plume” values and “out of
the plume” values is correlated to opacity by the DOCS II software. This software is
capable of assessing images in either simple or complex analysis modes. The simple
mode may be used for homogenous (but not gray) backgrounds, such as black or
white smoke on a blue background. In this mode, “in plume” and “out of plume” sticks
(boxes) are positioned on corresponding areas of the image, as illustrated in Figure 2.
The software then estimates the opacity between the two selected image areas.
The complex mode may be used on heterogeneous backgrounds (e.g., wooded area)
and gray backgrounds. When using the complex mode, a zero opacity image, which is
effectively a duplicate of the image to be assessed before emissions are generated,
typically needs to be selected for use as the background. “In plume” and “out of
plume” sticks (boxes) are iteratively positioned on the background image until
obtaining a green or yellow light to proceed (see Figure 3). The software is then used
to superimpose the zero opacity/background image on each image to be analyzed
before proceeding to determine the opacity measurement.
Maynard will obtain and use the software to analyze the opacity assessments, or
electronically submit the images to be analyzed to Virtual Technology, LLC for
assessment as part of its Software as a Service (“SaaS”) service offering.

3

DCOT operator is defined as the individual operating the DCOT system that records the digital still images with
the Digital Still Camera and then determines plume opacity with the analysis software.

6

Figure 2. Simple Mode Example Image
[Source: “An Evaluation of a Digital Camera System for Measuring Smoke Plume Opacity”,
presented by Mr. Bill Gillespie, Virginia Department of Environmental Quality,
at the EPA Measurement Technology Workshop, January 29, 2013]

Figure 3. Complex Mode Example Image
[Source: “An Evaluation of a Digital Camera System for Measuring Smoke Plume Opacity”,
presented by Mr. Bill Gillespie, Virginia Department of Environmental Quality,
at the EPA Measurement Technology Workshop, January 29, 2013]

7

2.1.4 Operator Training
Implementing this Protocol relies, in part, on the DCOT operator and the Digital Still
Camera operator. Although these operators may be one and the same person, the
functions of each job are different – each with its own competency requirements. In
addition to meeting the following requirements, the DCOT operator is required to be
certified as a Digital Still Camera Operator in accordance with ASTM D7520, Annex
A1.10, as described below:
1. To acquire digital images from the Digital Still Camera to determine plume opacity
by meeting the requirements specified by the training course for the specified
DCOT system.
2. To use and be knowledgeable of the content described in “Principles of Visual
Emissions Measurements and Procedures to Evaluate those Emissions Using
Digital Camera Optical Technique (DCOT)”, as provided in Annex A1, ASTM
D7520-13.
3. To perform analysis with the DCOT system by attending a smoke school, acquiring
images, and successfully performing analysis on smoke school imagery with the
DCOT system.
NOTE: Maynard personnel will only be required to obtain this certification if
Maynard elects not to have Virtual Technology, LLC assess the opacity of the
images as part of its SaaS service offering.
As part of its contract with Virtual Technology, LLC, Maynard shall ensure that items 1
and 2 are included in the DCOT system training that is required to be provided by
Virtual Technology, which is its DCOT vendor.
The DCOT operator and any other individual that is designated to operate the Digital
Still Camera for the purpose of obtaining images for opacity assessment, need to be
certified to capture plume and related field data in accordance with Annex A-1.10,
ASTM D7520-13, which requires that the candidate demonstrate a mastery of the
following:
1.
2.
3.
4.

Rules associated with the operation of a Digital Still Camera;
Rules associated with plume observations;
Required field data supportive of a valid defensible observation; and
Expertise in utilizing field equipment.

The required certification will be obtained by successfully completing the respective
training offered by Virtual Technology, LLC. The Digital Still Camera operator
certification will last no longer than 3.5 years. At or before the expiration of the
certification, the operator(s) will be retrained and recertified.

8

2.2
Night-time Opacity Monitoring – Alternate Approach
Rather than use the primary approach for nighttime opacity monitoring, as detailed in Section
2.1 of this Protocol, Maynard may elect to use an observer who has a then-current
certification from the California Air Resources Board for nighttime visible emission evaluation
as a contingency in the event that the primary approach is not functioning properly (e.g., due
to related hardware and/or software issues, backlighting issues and/or other unforeseen
inhibiting factors). This method relies on direct visual observation by a human observer. The
observer may either be Maynard personnel or an outside contractor that is properly trained
and certified by the California Air Resources Board in conducting nighttime opacity
monitoring.
2.3
Day-time Opacity Monitoring – Alternate Approach
Rather than use the primary approach for daytime opacity monitoring, as detailed in Section
2.1 of this Protocol, Maynard may use EPA Method 9 (40 CFR 60, Appendix A-4), which
relies on direct visual observation by a qualified observer.
3.0
Modification of Protocol
This Protocol may be modified as a non-material change by written agreement between
Maynard and the EPA, as provided under Paragraph 129 of the Consent Decree.

9

ATTACHMENT 1
DIGITAL CAMERA SPECIFICATIONS

Distributed by:

Parapet
mounting kit

AM-221

Goose neck
mounting kit

AM-103

Recessed kit

AM-116

20 cm
pendant pipe

AM-117

40 cm
pendant pipe

AM-118

Indoor
pendant head

Mounting Kits

AM-231

Triple-window video motion detection
Auto-tracking on moving object

AC-111

High power
PoE injector

AP-331

Vandal-proof
transparent
cover

AC-212

PoE plus
injector

AP3001

205 mm

321 mm

Smoked cover

Combo cable

AO-001

AC 24V power
adapter

AA-341

Power Adapter

316 mm

User's manual, quick installation guide, Installation Wizard 2,
ST7501 32-channel recording software
Wall mount bracket, screws, waterproof connectors, terminal
blocks, RJ45 coupler, ethernet cable, quick installation guide,
warranty card, alignment sticker, T25 stardriver, seal ring,
software CD

Microsoft Windows 7/Vista/XP/2000
Mozilla Firefox 7~10 (Streaming only)
Internet Explorer 7.x or 8.x
VLC: 1.1.11 or above
Quicktime: 7 or above

RJ-45 cable connector for Network/PoE connection
Audio input
Audio output
AC 24V power input
Digital input*4
Digital output*2
RS-485 for PTZ control (PelcoD protocol, Baud rate 2400)
System power and status indicator
PoE plus (IEEE 802.3at compliant)
High Power PoE
AC 24V
PoE plus:
Max. 19W
AC 24V:
Max. 48W (heater on)
Max. 19W (heater off)
High Power PoE:
Max. 48W (heater on)
Max. 19W (heater off)
Ø: 205 mm x 321 mm
Net: 3,660 g
Weather-proof IP66- and NEMA 4X-rated metal housing
Built-in electrical dehumidifier device (SD8363E-M)
CE, FCC Class A, VCCI, C-Tick, NEMA 4X
-5°C ~ 55°C (PoE Plus)
-40°C ~ 55°C (AC 24V / High Power PoE)
36 months

Video motion detection, manual trigger, periodical trigger, system
boot, recording notification, audio detection
Event notification using digital output, HTTP, SMTP, FTP and
NAS server
File upload via HTTP, SMTP, FTP and NAS server

VIVOTEK USA
2050 Ringwood Avenue,
San Jose, CA 95131
T: 408-773-8686 F: 408-773-8298
E: [e-mail]

VIVOTEK Europe
Randstad 22-133, 1316BW Almere,
The Netherlands
T: [phone]
E: [e-mail]

Ver 1.5

All specifications are subject to change without notice. Copyright © VIVOTEK INC. All rights reserved.

Others

PoE Kits

391 mm

Dimensions

Others

CD

Included Accessories

Other Players

Operating System
Web Browser

System Requirements

Warranty

Safety Certifications
Operating Temperature

Dimensions
Weight
Casing

Power Consumption

LED Indicator
Power Input

Connectors

General

Alarm Events

Alarm Triggers

Alarm and Event

VIVOTEK INC.
6F, No.192, Lien-Cheng Rd., Chung-Ho,
New Taipei City, 235, Taiwan, R.O.C.
T: [phone] F: [phone]
E: [e-mail]

1.5" PT adapter

AM-519

Live viewing for up to 10 clients
IPv4, IPv6, TCP/IP, HTTP, HTTPS, UPnP, RTSP/RTP/RTCP,
IGMP, SMTP, FTP, DHCP, NTP, DNS, DDNS, PPPoE, CoS,
QoS, SNMP, 802.1X, UDP, ICMP
10Base-T/100 BaseTX Ethernet (RJ-45)
Supported, specification available at www.onvif.org

Audio input/output (full duplex)
GSM-AMR, AAC, G.711, G.726
External microphone input
External line output

H.264, MJPEG & MPEG-4
H.264:
30 fps @ 1920x1080
60 fps @ 1280x720
MPEG-4:
30 fps @ 1920x1080
60 fps @ 1280x720
MJPEG:
30 fps @ 1920x1080
60 fps @ 1280x720
(Up to 30/15 fps in WDR mode)
4 simultaneous streams
Above 60 dB
108 dB
Adjustable resolution, quality and bitrate
Zoom enhacement for better image quality under limited
bandwidth
Adjustable image size, quality and bit rate
Time stamp, text overlay, flip & mirror
Configurable brightness, contrast, saturation, sharpness, white
balance, exposure control, gain, backlight compensation,
privacy masks (Up to 24)
Scheduled profile settings

1/2.8" Progressive CMOS
1920x1080
20x optical zoom, auto focus
f = 4.7 ~ 94 mm
F1.6 (wide) ~ F3.5 (tele)
DC-iris
3° ~ 55° (horizontal)
2° ~ 32° (vertical)
3° ~ 64° (diagonal)
1/1 sec. to 1/10,000 sec.
WDR Pro
Removable IR-cut filter for day & night function
0.02 Lux @ F1.6, 50 IRE (Color)
0.001 Lux @ F1.6, 50 IRE (B/W)
0.05° ~ 450° / sec.
360 endless
0.05° ~ 450° / sec.
220° (-110° ~ +110°)
256 preset locations, 40 presets per tour
48x digital zoom (4x on IE plug-in, 12x built-in)
Auto pan mode
Auto patrol mode
SD/SDHC/SDXC card slot

Multimedia SoC (System-on-Chip)
128 MB
256 MB

SD8363E
SD8363E-M (electronic dehumidifier)

Compatible Accessories

Video Motion Detection
Auto-Tracking

Intelligent Video

Interface
ONVIF

Users
Protocols

Network

Audio Capability
Compression
Interface

Audio

Image Settings

Maximum Streams
S/N Ratio
Dynamic Range
Video Streaming

Compression
Maximum Frame Rate

Video

On-board Storage

Pan Speed
Pan Range
Tilt Speed
Tilt Range
Preset Locations
Pan/tilt/zoom
Functionalities

Shutter Time
WDR Technology
Day/Night
Minimum Illumination

Image Sensor
Maximum Resolution
Lens Type
Focal Length
Aperture
Auto-iris
Field of View

Camera Features

CPU
Flash
RAM

System Information

Models

Technical Specifications

and 60 fps high quality video, the SD8363E is the best choice for the most demanding outdoor surveillance applications.

details as high as 1080p resolution. With other advanced features such as SD/SDHC/SDXC card slot, 802.3at compliant PoE Plus

ensured. Zoom enhancement provides 60x optical zoom at 640x360 resolution by which VGA-level bandwidth is used to obtain image

day. With audio detection, by recognizing increases or decreases in sound volume, an additional layer of intrusion detection is

As with all VIVOTEK true day/night cameras, the SD8363E features a removable IR-cut filter, maintaining clear images 24 hours a

provides instantaneous reaction to suspicious moving objects in wide area locations before operators are aware of activity.

or a joystick to track the object of interest and set up to 256 preset positions. With the built-in auto tracking feature, the SD8363E

precise movement with continuous 360-degree pan and 220-degree tilt. Users can also easily control the lens position via a mouse

generate image quality close to the capabilities of the human eye. With a sophisticated pan/tilt mechanism, the camera provides fast,

resolution up to 30 fps @ 1080p. Boasting WDR Pro technology, the SD8363E can also cope with challenging lighting conditions and

The SD8363E supports high-performance H.264/MPEG-4/MJPEG compression technology and offers extra smooth video quality with

indoor/outdoor spaces such as airports, highways and parking lots where high-level reliability and precision are always required.

operation under extreme weather conditions and hazardous environments. It is especially suitable for monitoring wide open

the camera body against rain, dust, and corrosion within a wide temperature range of between -40°C to 55°C. This feature ensures

a 20x optical zoom lens, the SD8363E is able to capture details at top-notch quality. The IP66- and NEMA 4X-rated housing protects

VIVOTEK SD8363E is part of the SUPREME series product line offering 1080p Full HD resolution with superb image quality. Adopting

SD8363E/63E-M

Speed Dome Network Camera

3

1

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Audio Detection for Instant Alerts
The audio detection feature enables an event trigger when a sudden,
unexpected increase or decrease in sound volume occurs so as to
alert users of a possible emergency situation.

Conventional Speed Dome

SD8363E

The auto tracking feature provides instantaneous reaction to suspicious moving objects over a wide area before an operator may be
aware of activity. Users are able to define the target object size in
order to render auto tracking more effectively.

1X Zoom

20X Zoom

Auto Tracking for Moving Objects

180°

20°

Utilizing a 20x optical zoom lens, the SD8363E provides close-up
images with 1080p detail and effectively extends the user’s viewing
distance. Even under limited bandwidth environments, users can
take advantage of the VIVOTEK Zoom enhancement feature to
obtain image detail as high as 1080p resolution using VGA-level
bandwidth.

SD8363E has a pan range of 360° and tilt range of 220°. With the
additional 20° tilt range, the SD8363E is able to expand the viewing
range to the field above the normal horizontal view. Additionally, the
SD8363E is built with QuickPan technology, allowing for 360° endless panning at a speed of 450° per second.
This allows users to quickly direct the camera lens to catch any
object of interest in the field of view surrounding the camera.

20°

Zoom Enhancement

Advanced Mechanism

The VIVOTEK SD8363E is able to transmit 60 fps @ 720p resolution with H.264 compression, whereas a conventional megapixel camera can generally only achieve
10 to 15 fps due to hardware limitations. 60 fps provides a significant advantage as it enables viewing and recording footage at an exceptional frame rate. This feature
provides a more complete record of an event and ensures accurate target identification. The more images or frames that can be captured and delivered to a facial
recognition database, the more forensic evidence is available for biometric pairing, significantly increasing the level of accuracy.

60 fps Raises Recognition Accuracy

1/240 s
2

60 fps @ 720p HD

SD8363E/63E-M

IP66-rated and NEMA 4X Housing

(Note: Frame rate drops by half when using WDR Pro.)

A single high-contrast frame is
created by combining the two
frames using an advanced
image signal processor.

The weather-proof IP66- and NEMA 4X-rated housing protects
the SD8363E from rain, dust, and corrosion, allowing the
device to operate outdoors under a multitude of weather conditions.

Speed Dome
Network Camera

The wide temperature range (-40°C ~ 55°C) enhances the
SD8363E’s performance and reliability under extremely harsh
weather conditions.

Wide Temperature Range

Extreme Weatherproof

2 Short Exposure Time

1
1 Long Exposure Time

1/60 s

Exposure Time

WDR Pro works by capturing alternate frames using different exposure times. An image signal processor (ISP) then uses a sophisticated algorithm to
seamlessly combine the optimal portions of these two complementary frames to create a composite frame that retains details in both the dark and bright
areas of the field of view.

WDR Pro

When a camera is used in a high contrast, backlight, glare or light reflective environment, such as a building entrance, ATM or window, an object may appear dark and
unrecognizable. WDR (Wide Dynamic Range) technology compensates for the unbalanced lighting, restoring the details throughout the field of view. With this feature,
the SD8363E is able to maintain image quality even under challenging light conditions.

Unparalleled Visibility in High Contrast Environments