May et al v. BHP Billiton Petroleum (Fayetteville) LLC

Filing 175

ORDER: The Court is attaching its current working drafts of (1) the key parts of the voir dire areas, (2) the preliminary instructions, (3) the final instructions, and (4) the verdicts. Please file any objections to the preliminary instructions by no on on Friday, April 1. There's no need to comment or object yet on the final instructions or the verdicts. The Court will instruct about depositions when it comes up during trial. Counsel should consider a counter-proposal on opening statements. Twenty minutes a side Monday afternoon to sketch the whole; then five minutes a side, first thing every morning each day thereafter, to explain the witnesses and proof expected that day. If not, we'll have thirty minute openings on Monday previ ously ordered. Counsel should also consider letting the jurors ask questions. This proposal is subject to unanimous consent. Signed by Judge D. P. Marshall Jr. on 3/31/2016. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit 1, # 2 Exhibit 2, # 3 Exhibit 3, # 4 Exhibit 4)(jak)

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COURT'S JURY INSTRUCTION NO. 1.01 GENERAL: NATURE OF CASE; BURDEN OF PROOF; DUTY OF JURY; CAUTIONARY Ladies and gentlemen of the jury: Here are some initial instructions about this case and your duties as jurors. During the trial, I will give you more instructions. And at the end of the trial, I will give you final instructions. Follow all my instructions. I am the judge of the law and you are the judges of the facts. It’s your duty to determine the truth from the evidence and the reasonable inferences arising from the evidence. In making your factual decisions, you must not engage in guess work or speculation. Steve and Cindy Snowden own minerals in White County, Arkansas. Kenneth and Mary Ann May do too. All their minerals are within the Fayetteville Shale, which contains natural gas. Mr. And Mrs. Snowden and Mr. and Mrs. May leased the rights to develop their minerals through three separate oil and gas leases. BHP Billiton Petroleum (Fayetteville) LLC holds an interest in each Court’s Draft Preliminary Instruction 31 March 2016 Page 1 of 21 May et al. v. BHP LLC 4:13-cv-494-DPM of these leases. Arkansas law implies a promise in each lease called the covenant of reasonable development. This promise requires BHP to reasonably and prudently develop the minerals for the mutual benefit of both parties—the mineral owners and BHP. There is one well producing natural gas in paying quantities related to each lease. BHP operates these three wells. And the Snowdens and the Mays are getting some royalties from these wells. The mineral owners contend, however, that BHP should have drilled more wells on each lease. The Mays and the Snowdens say that BHP has broken the promise to reasonably and prudently develop their minerals. BHP responds that, considering all the circumstances, it has developed all these leases appropriately. The company says it has kept its promise and been a reasonable and prudent operator. The jury must decide whether BHP has acted as a reasonable and prudent operator. If you conclude that it has on a particular lease, then that’s the end of the matter on that lease. If you conclude Court’s Draft Preliminary Instruction 31 March 2016 Page 2 of 21 May et al. v. BHP LLC 4:13-cv-494-DPM BHP has not acted reasonably and prudently on any lease, then the jury must decide how much money BHP must pay the Mays, the Snowdens, or both in compensation for lost royalties on natural gas that should have been produced but was not. This case should be considered and decided by you as a dispute between persons of equal worth. All persons—including a company such as BHP, which is a person in the law’s eyes—stand equal before the law and are to be treated as equals. Plus, you must consider the Snowdens’ claim about their lease separately from the Mays’ claims about each of their two leases. Decide about each lease based on the relevant facts and the applicable law. From the evidence you will decide what the facts are. You are entitled to consider that evidence in the light of your own observations and experiences in the affairs of life. You will then apply those facts to the law that I give you in these and in my other instructions, and in that way reach your verdict. While you are the Court’s Draft Preliminary Instruction 31 March 2016 Page 3 of 21 May et al. v. BHP LLC 4:13-cv-494-DPM sole judges of the facts, you must follow the law, as stated in my instructions, whether you agree with it or not. In deciding what the facts are, you will have to decide what testimony you believe and what testimony you don’t believe. You may believe all of what a witness says, or only part of it, or none of it. In deciding what testimony to believe, consider several things: the witnesses’ intelligence; their opportunity to have seen or heard the things they testify about; their memories; any motives they may have for testifying a certain way; their manner while testifying; whether they said something different at an earlier time; the general reasonableness of their testimony; and the extent to which their testimony is consistent with other evidence that you believe. Do not allow sympathy or prejudice to influence you. The law demands of you a just verdict, unaffected by anything except the evidence, your common sense, and the law as I give it to you. Court’s Draft Preliminary Instruction 31 March 2016 Page 4 of 21 May et al. v. BHP LLC 4:13-cv-494-DPM Don’t take anything I may say or do during the trial as indicating what I think of the evidence or what I think your verdict should be. Court’s Draft Preliminary Instruction 31 March 2016 Page 5 of 21 May et al. v. BHP LLC 4:13-cv-494-DPM COURT'S JURY INSTRUCTION NO. 1.03 EVIDENCE: LIMITATIONS I have mentioned the word “evidence.” “Evidence” includes the testimony of witnesses, the documents and other things received as exhibits, and any facts that have been stipulated—that is, agreed to—by the parties. Certain things are not evidence. I will list those things for you now: 1. Statements, arguments, questions, and comments by lawyers are not evidence. 2. Objections are not evidence. Lawyers have a right and sometimes a duty to object or to move that certain evidence that has already been received be stricken. If such an objection or such a motion to strike is made, it will be my duty, as judge, to rule on the matter and determine whether you jurors may take into consideration the challenged evidence. You are not to concern Court’s Draft Preliminary Instruction 31 March 2016 Page 6 of 21 May et al. v. BHP LLC 4:13-cv-494-DPM yourself with the reasons for the attorneys’ objections or motions to strike or with the reasons for the Court’s rulings. You also should not be influenced by the objection or the motion to strike. If I sustain an objection to a question or an exhibit, you must ignore the question or the exhibit. And you must not try to guess what the information might have been. Similarly, testimony and exhibits that I strike from the record, or tell you to disregard, are not evidence and must not be considered. 3. Anything you see or hear about this case outside the courtroom is not evidence. Furthermore, a particular item of evidence is sometimes received for a limited purpose only. That is, it can be used by you only for one particular purpose, and not for any other purpose. I will tell you when that occurs and instruct you on the purposes for which the item can and cannot be used. 4. Finally, some of you may have heard the terms “direct evidence” and “circumstantial evidence.” A fact is established by Court’s Draft Preliminary Instruction 31 March 2016 Page 7 of 21 May et al. v. BHP LLC 4:13-cv-494-DPM direct evidence when, for example, it is proved by a witness who testifies to what he or she saw, heard, or experienced. A fact is established by circumstantial evidence when its existence can reasonably be inferred from other facts proved in the case. The law makes no distinction between the weight to be given to direct and circumstantial evidence. Court’s Draft Preliminary Instruction 31 March 2016 Page 8 of 21 May et al. v. BHP LLC 4:13-cv-494-DPM COURT’S INSTRUCTION NO. 1.03.01 STIPULATIONS AND GLOSSARY The Snowdens, the Mays, and BHP have stipulated—that is, they have agreed—to certain facts. No party has to prove these facts. They are established as the truth for purposes of this trial. I’m going to read you the list of agreed facts now. I’ll pass out a copy for each of you. The parties have also agreed on a glossary of important terms. I’m going to read that glossary now too; and I’ll also give you a copy of these agreed definitions for reference. Court’s Draft Preliminary Instruction 31 March 2016 Page 9 of 21 May et al. v. BHP LLC 4:13-cv-494-DPM COURT'S JURY INSTRUCTION NO. 1.04 BURDEN OF PROOF The burden of proving a fact is placed upon the party whose claim or defense depends upon that fact. The party who has the burden of proving a fact must prove it by a preponderance of the evidence. To prove something by the “preponderance of the evidence” is to prove that it is more likely true than not true. It is determined by considering all of the evidence and deciding which evidence is more believable. If, on any issue of fact in the case, the evidence is equally balanced, you cannot find that fact has been proved. But the preponderance of the evidence is not necessarily established by the greater number of witnesses or exhibits a party has presented. You’ve heard the term “proof beyond a reasonable doubt.” This is a stricter standard, which applies only in criminal cases. It Court’s Draft Preliminary Instruction 31 March 2016 Page 10 of 21 May et al. v. BHP LLC 4:13-cv-494-DPM does not apply in civil cases like this one. You should, therefore, put it out of your minds. Court’s Draft Preliminary Instruction 31 March 2016 Page 11 of 21 May et al. v. BHP LLC 4:13-cv-494-DPM COURT'S JURY INSTRUCTION NO. 1.05 BENCH CONFERENCES During the trial it will be necessary for me to speak with the lawyers out of your hearing, either by having a bench conference here while you are present in the courtroom, or by calling a recess. Please understand that while you are waiting, we are working. The purpose of these conferences is to decide how certain evidence is to be treated under the Rules of Evidence, which govern the trial, and to avoid confusion and error. The lawyers and I will, of course, do what we can to keep the number and length of these conferences to a minimum. Court’s Draft Preliminary Instruction 31 March 2016 Page 12 of 21 May et al. v. BHP LLC 4:13-cv-494-DPM COURT’S JURY INSTRUCTION NO. 1.06 NO TRANSCRIPT AVAILABLE/NOTE-TAKING At the end of the trial you must make your decision based on what you recall of the evidence. You will not have a written transcript to consult. You must pay close attention to the testimony as it is given. If you wish, you may take notes to help you remember what witnesses said. If you do take notes, please keep them to yourself until you and your fellow jurors go to the jury room to decide the case. And do not let note-taking distract you so that you miss other answers by the witness. The Clerk has provided each of you with a pad of paper and a pencil. At each recess, leave your notes face down in your chair. When you leave at night, your notes will be secured and not read by anyone. Court’s Draft Preliminary Instruction 31 March 2016 Page 13 of 21 May et al. v. BHP LLC 4:13-cv-494-DPM COURT'S JURY INSTRUCTION NO. 1.07 CONDUCT OF THE JURY Finally, to insure fairness, you as jurors must obey the following rules: First, don’t talk among yourselves about this case, or about anyone involved with the case, until the end of the trial when you go to the jury room to deliberate and decide on your verdict. Don’t share your notes until deliberations begin. Second, don’t talk with anyone else about this case, or about anyone involved with it, until the trial has ended and you have been discharged as jurors. Third, when you are outside the courtroom, do not let anyone tell you anything about the case, or about anyone involved with it. If someone does try to talk to you about the case during the trial, please report it to me immediately. Court’s Draft Preliminary Instruction 31 March 2016 Page 14 of 21 May et al. v. BHP LLC 4:13-cv-494-DPM Fourth, during the trial, don’t talk with or speak to any of the parties, lawyers, or witnesses involved in this case—you should not even pass the time of day with any of them. It is important not only that you do justice in this case, but that you also give the appearance of doing justice. If a person from one side of the lawsuit sees you talking to a person from the other side—even if it is simply to pass the time of day—an unwarranted and unnecessary suspicion about your fairness might arise. If any lawyer, party, or witness doesn’t speak to you when you pass in the hall, ride the elevator, or the like, remember it is because they are not supposed to talk or visit with you. Fifth, don’t read any news stories, articles, or blogs about the case or about anyone involved with it, or listen to any radio or television reports about the case or about anyone involved with it. Sixth, don’t do any research or make any investigation about the case or about any matter involved in this case, on your own. By Court’s Draft Preliminary Instruction 31 March 2016 Page 15 of 21 May et al. v. BHP LLC 4:13-cv-494-DPM way of example, that means that you must not consult the Internet (e.g., Google or Wikipedia), a dictionary, a textbook, or an encyclopedia. Don’t talk with a person you consider knowledgeable. Don’t go check out the land in White County. Don’t look at it on Google Earth. Don’t research or read up on fracking. In fairness, you must learn about this case only from the evidence you receive here at the trial, and then apply those facts to the law as I give it to you. Seventh, remember, cell phones are not permitted in the courthouse or in the jury room. Eighth, keep an open mind during the trial about what the verdict should be. Keep an open mind until after you have heard all of the evidence. Once the trial has been completed and you’ve retired to the jury room to decide the case, then you and your fellow jurors are free to discuss the evidence among yourselves. Ninth, remember that you are not to be influenced in any degree by any personal feelings or sympathy or prejudice for or Court’s Draft Preliminary Instruction 31 March 2016 Page 16 of 21 May et al. v. BHP LLC 4:13-cv-494-DPM against any of the parties or the lawyers in the case. Each party is entitled to the same fair and impartial consideration at your hands. Tenth, no statement, remark, or ruling that I make, or question that I might ask of a witness, during the trial is intended to indicate what I think about the facts of the case. You, as the jurors, are the sole judges of the facts of the case. You and you alone will have to decide on the believability and credibility of the witnesses and the weight and value of the evidence. Court’s Draft Preliminary Instruction 31 March 2016 Page 17 of 21 May et al. v. BHP LLC 4:13-cv-494-DPM COURT'S JURY INSTRUCTION NO. 1.08 EXPANDED INSTRUCTION RE: JURY PROHIBITION ON ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS/RESEARCH During the trial—while you are in the courthouse, at lunch, on breaks, and after you leave for the day—do not provide any information to anyone by any means about this case. For example, do not talk face-to-face with anyone about this case. And do not use any electronic device or media, such as the telephone, a cell phone, a smart phone, Blackberry, iPad, computer, the Internet, any Internet service, any text or instant messaging service, any Internet chat room, blog, or website such as Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, or Twitter, to communicate to anyone any information about this case until I accept your verdict. Ask each juror: Juror No. —, on your oath, do you promise not to post anything about your jury service on any social media website such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, or the like during the trial? On your oath, do you promise not to use the Internet to Court’s Draft Preliminary Instruction 31 March 2016 Page 18 of 21 May et al. v. BHP LLC 4:13-cv-494-DPM look up anything about the case, the matters discussed, the lawyers, the four property owners who’ve brought this case, BHP, its corporate representative, me, or the law? Remember, you have taken an oath to follow the rules, and you must do so. If you do not, the case might have to be retried, and you could be held in contempt of court and possibly punished. Court’s Draft Preliminary Instruction 31 March 2016 Page 19 of 21 May et al. v. BHP LLC 4:13-cv-494-DPM COURT'S INSTRUCTION NO. 1.09 OUTLINE OF TRIAL The trial will proceed in the following manner: First, the property owners’ lawyer will make an opening statement. Next, BHP’s lawyer will make an opening statement. An opening statement is not evidence or argument. It is simply a summary of what the lawyer expects the evidence to be. The property owners’ lawyer will then present evidence by calling witnesses, and BHP’s lawyer will cross-examine those witnesses. After the property owners’ case, BHP’s lawyer will present evidence by calling witnesses, and the property owners’ lawyer will cross-examine those witnesses. Finally, the property owners may offer rebuttal evidence. After presentation of all the evidence is completed, I’ll give you some more jury instructions. Then the lawyers will have a second opportunity to address you directly, and at that time, they’re Court’s Draft Preliminary Instructions31 March 2016 Page 20 of 21 Love v. Retzer LLC et al. 4:13-cv-494-DPM permitted to argue the evidence in an attempt to persuade you to their differing views of the true facts in the case. But as with opening statements, closing arguments are not evidence. After the closing arguments, the Court will give you some final instructions. Then you’ll go to the jury room to deliberate on your verdicts. Court’s Draft Preliminary Instructions31 March 2016 Page 21 of 21 Love v. Retzer LLC et al. 4:13-cv-494-DPM

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