Apple Computer Inc. v. Burst.com, Inc.

Filing 79

EXHIBITS re 74 Declaration in Support, filed byApple Computer Inc.. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit L Part 1# 2 Exhibit L Part 2# 3 Exhibit L Part 3# 4 Exhibit L Part 4# 5 Exhibit L Part 5# 6 Exhibit L Part 6# 7 Exhibit L Part 7# 8 Exhibit L Part 8)(Related document(s) 74 ) (Brown, Nicholas) (Filed on 12/9/2006)

Apple Computer Inc. v. Burst.com, Inc.

0 United States Patent
Case 3:06-cv-00019-MHP
Lang

Document 79
[19]

111 iiiii Filed 12/09/2006niiiiMII111 1 of 35 Page 1111
5,995,705
Date of Patent: *Nov. 30,1999

Doc. 79

1451

I3URST TRANSMISSION API'ARATUS ANI) METHOD F O R AUDIO/VIDEO INFORMATION
Inventor: Richard A. Lang, Cave Creek, Ariz.

Assignee: Instant Video Technologies, Inc., San Francisco, Calif. Notice:

This patent is subject to a terminal dis- ' claimer.

Appl. No.: 08/896,727 Filed:

Jul. 18, 1997
Related U.S. Application Data

Continuation of application No. 08/624,958, Mar. 28, 1996, abandoned, which is a continuation of application No. 071976,542, Nov. 16, 1992, abandoned, which is a division of application No. 071775,182, Ocl. 11, 1991, Pat. No. 5,164,839, which is a Continuation-in-part of application No. 07/289,776, Dec. 27, 1988, Pat. No. 4,963,995.

HMN 5/76 US. CI. ............................................... 386146; 3861109 386146, 52, 101, Field of Search ................................ 3861109, 96, 106, 112; 3481384; H04N 5/76
References Cited

Int. C1.6 .......................................................

358/21 R 4,736,239 411988 Sprague et al. ....................... 4,743,959 511988 Rederiksen ............................... 358111 4,750,034 611988 Lem .......................................... 358/84 360D3.1 4,768,110 8/1988 Dunlap et al. ......................... 4,774,574 911988 Daly et al. . 4,785,349 11/1988 Keith et al. 4,821,208 411989 Ryan et al. 4,829,372 511989 McCalley et a 4,851,931 711989 Parker et al. 3581133 4,868,653 9/1989 Golin et al. ............................. 58D35 4,891,694 111990 348/7 4,897,717 111990 58/133 4,918,523 411990 58/133 4,920,432 4/1990 348/8 58/310 4,941,054 711990 4,943,865 7/1990 Hales et al. ............................ 358B3.5 4,963,995 10/1990 Lang ....................................... 358/335 3641523 4,974,178 11/1990 Izeki et al. .............................. 358/335 4,987,552 111991 Nakamura ............................... 358/335 5,006,936 411991 I-Iooks, Jr. .............................. 358/335 5,057,932 1011991 Lang ...................................... 5,068,733 1111991 Bennett ...................................... 348/7 3581335 5,164,839 11/1992 Lang ....................................... 358186 5,220,420 611993 Hoarty et al. .............................

,

Primary E x a n t i n e r 4 u y Nguyen Artorney, Agent, or Firmn-Carr & Ferrell LLP

is71

ABSTRACT

U S . PATENT DOCUMENTS
2,987,614 4,179,709 4,300,161 4,400,717 4,446,490 4,467,473 4,506,387 4,511,934 4,516,156 4,521,806 4,563,710 4,625,080 4,654,484 4,698,664 4,7n9,41 x 4,724,491 611961 1211979 11/1981 8/1983 511984 8/1984 3 1985 1 4/1985 5/1985 611985 1119% 111 986 1 311987 1011987 11119x7 211988
Roberk et al.

Haskell ................ Southworth et al.
Arnon et al.

I.Iosliimi et al.

..... ............................

360155 358/85 358186 36019.1 Raldwin ................................... Scott ....................................... 379/104 Reiffel el al. ............................. 379/53 .. 358/10 Nichols et al. ....... Fox et al. ............. 455/6 12 3581310 1;lnibert ..................................

Ohira et al. ............................... Fahris et al. .............................. Abraham ..................................

................... 4551612

370/109

An improved video recorder/transceiver with expanded functionality ("VCR-ET') including a capability for storing video and video programs in digital format, editing such programs, transferring such programs onto a hard copy magnetic media, and transmitting such programs to a remote location using a second VCR-ET. The increased functionality is realized through the use of analog to digital conversion, signal compression and intermediate storage in an integrated circuit, random access memory. The recorder1 transmitter has capabilities to transmit and receive program information in cither a comprcsscd or decompressed format over fiber optic lines, conventional phone lines or microwaves.

24 Claims, 4 Drawing Sheets

APBU-00000391
Dockets.Justia.com

U S Patent

Case 3:06-cv-00019-MHP Document 79 Filed 12/09/2006 Nov. 30,1999 Sheet 1 of 4

5,995,705

Page 2 of 35

APBU-00000392

U.S. Patent

Case 3:06-cv-00019-MHP Document 79 Filed 12/09/2006 Nov. 30,1999 Sheet 2 of 4

5,995,705

Page 3 of 35

45f

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45c 2

45dJ

FIG,, 7A
SIGNAL SOURCE CASSEllE RECORDER

AUDIO

72

FIBER OPTlC TRANSCEIVER

MICROWAVE TRANSCEIVER
74

8
MODEM

86

APBU-00000393

U.S. Patent

Case 3:06-cv-00019-MHP Document 79 Filed 12/09/2006 Nov. 30,1999 Sheet 3 of 4

5,995,705

Page 4 of 35

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2

v

f

APBU-00000394

U.S. Patent

Case 3:06-cv-00019-MHP Document 79 Filed 12/09/2006 Nov. 30,1999 Sheet 4 of 4

5,995,705

Page 5 of 35

CABLE, ETC.

TUNER

MODULATOR

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APBU-00000395

Case 3:06-cv-00019-MHP

Document 79 5,995,705

Filed 12/09/2006

Page 6 of 35

1
BURST TRANSMISSION APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR AUDIO/VIDEO INFORMATION

2
SUMMARY OF TfIE INVENTION

In accordance with the invention, an improved audio/ video recorder is provided with added features and functions which significantly cnhancc its uscfulncss and functionality. RELATED APPLICATIONS 5 It is, thcrcforc, an objcct of the prcscnt invcntion to This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 081624,958 provide an improved audioivideo recorder for use in confiled on Mar. 28, 1996 abandoned, which is a continuation junction with an ordinary home television set. of Ser. No. 07/976,542 filed Nov. 16, 1992, abandoned, Another object of the invention is to provide in such an which is a division of Ser. No. 071775,182 filed Oct. 11, 1 improvcd audio/vidco recordcr a capability for transferring 0 1991, U S . Pat. No. 5,164,839, which is a continuation-ina previously recorded program from one magnetic tape or part of Ser. No. 071289,776 filed Dec. 27, 1988, U S . Pat. other storage medium to another. No. 4,963,995. A further object of the invention is to provide such a BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION capability for transferring a recorded audio/video program 15 without resort to the use of two magnetic tape decks, this The video cassette recorder (VCR) has added significantly being a cumbersome, limited, and expensive approach to thc uscfulncss of the home tclcvision sct. Important or alrcady proposed in thc prior art. exceptionally good programs may be recorded to be viewed A still furthcr objcct of thc invention is to providc an again. Programs appearing at times that are inconvenient for vicwing may be rccordcd for playback at a latcr timc. 20 effective and efficient means for intermediate storage of the audioivideo program in digital memory as a means for Recorded movies or other materials, educational or achicving thc transfcr of thc audiohidco program from onc entertaining, may be rented or borrowed for viewing at tape or storage medium to another. home. (As uscd in thc remainder of this spccification, the A still further object of the invention is to provide in such term "program" encompasses movies and other types of video and/or audio materials, whether broadcast from a TV 25 an improved audio/video recorder a capability for accepting various forms of analog or digital audio and video input station or anothcr sourcc.) signals and for converting the analog input signals to digital The typical VCR has its own tuner-receiver and a videoform when appropriate. recorder. It can receive and record a program from one channel while the television set is being employed to view Astill further object of the invention is to provide in such a program on another channel. Programs are recorded on 30 an improved audio/video recorder a capability for editing the magnetic tape. The tape is then played back and viewed on video input signals without the necessity of using multiple the television set. Features commonly included in the VCR cassettes or recording media. are capabilities for advancing the tape forward or backward A still further object of the invention is to provide an at a high speed, stopping motion at any frame to hold the improved audio/video recorder for connection to various image, or simply playing back the recording at normal 35 signal sources including a TV RF tuner, video camera, video speed. and audio line input, and direct audioivideo digital input Desirable features that are not normally available in a from sources as diverse as a fiber optic input line, a VCR are capabilities for copying recorded programs from microwave transceiver or a computer. one tape or alternative storage medium to a similar or A still further object of the invention is to provide an dissimilar storage medium, editing recorded programs and 40 improved audio/video recorder having a capability for mixhigh speed recording. Another desirable, but currently ing live audiohide0 programs with either analog or digital unavailable, feature is the capability for high speed, high audioivideo input signals from another source quality transmission and reception by optical fiber using the A still further object of the invention is to provide an VCR. improved audiohide0 recorder for simultaneously playing, 45 viewing, recording and/or mixing digital and analog audio/ DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART video programs from different digital and analog audio/ U.S. Pat. No. 4,768,110, incorporated herein by reference, video sources or storage media. describes a VCR having two tape decks included therein. A still further object of the invention is to provide an The purpose for the inclusion of two decks rather than the improved audio/video recorder which maximizes a given usual single tape deck is to permit the simultaneous viewing 50 storagc capacity, through thc usc of a data compression of a live RF-modulated TV signal or prerecorded material technique. while recording another live RF-modulated TV signal and to A still further object of the invention is to provide an also allow the copying of material &om a first magnetic audioivideo recordedtransceiver utilizing a data comprescassette tape onto a second magnetic cassette tape without the use of a second VCR. Viewing of the recorded material 55 sion technique for efficient storage of data, and efficient transmission and reception of a digitized audio/video produring the copying process is also possible in this arrangegram over a telephone line, a fiber optic cable, a microwave ment. A major disadvantage is that the incorporation of the transceiver or other data transmission means. second tape deck is expensive and limited to magnetic tape, Astill further object of the invention is to provide in such and furthermore, this prior art does not allow for the transmission or reception of recorded material over optical 60 an improved audiohide0 recorder a capability for delivering output signals in different forms or formats including a fibers or the high speed reception or transmission of audio/ standard RF modulated output signal for viewing on a video material in a digital format. An additional disadvantelevision set, a digital output signal for viewing on a tage is the inability lor random access editing of the audio/ high-resolution monitor, and audio output signals for a video signal. Furthermore, the additional mechanical structure adds significantly to the overall dimension of the 65 speaker system. A still further object of this invention is to provide an equipment and increases the prospects of mechanical failimproved audiohide0 recorder which provides for random ures.

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a c c e s to any given segment of a self-stored audio/video program so that the desired segment may be accessed and viewed without the time-consuming delays normally involved in fast-forward or fast-reverse searching procedures employed in present state-of-the-art VCR's. A still further object of the invention is to provide an improved audio/video recorder which provides convenience in the editing of storcd data by virtue of its random access memory capability. A still further object of the invention is to provide an improved audio-video recorder which has the potential for enhanced audio and video quality by virtue of its capability for digital audioivideo output and digital filtering techniques, and image or audio processing. Further objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent as the following description proceeds, and the features of novelty which characterize the invention will be pointed Out with particularity in the claims annexed to and forming a part of this specification.

4

CD-ROM and use a variable power laser to read from or write on the disc. Afirst type of opticdl disc may comprise a WORM (Write once M ~ optical disc. )niS Read ~~ device has the unique 5 capability of writing on the disc permanently. A laser is used to change the magnetic or optical properties of the media. A lower-powered laser is then used to read the data from the disc. Data, in this case, is permanently recorded; it may neither be e r a 4 nor written over. A further description of 10 this technology can be found in the November 1988 issue of Electronic SYsterrl Design magazine ( H D ) P a W 55-56, incorporated herein by reference. Asecond and preferred type of optical disc to be used in AVRU 11 is an erasable optical disc. This disc has full rcadiwritelerasc capab the-same record/playbac VCR. A an example, erasable optical discs are used in s Steven Jobs' "Next" machine as described in Infoworld, Volume 10, issue 42, pages 51 and 93, Oct. 17, 1988, 20 n by reference. In addition, the random BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING of the erasable disc (and of the CD-ROM and WORM) provide additional benefits as will be discussed readily described with nepresent invention may be in a later part of this specification. reference to the accompanying drawing, in which: FIG. 1 is a perjpective vicw of the housing of the 25 . A key element of VCR-ET 10, which is responsible for its improved functionality, is the video control unit or VCU 12. audio/video recorder editor/transceiver ( " v c R - E ~ )d k The VCU comprises an analog to digital converter (ADC) closed and embodying the invention; 24, a digita1 to converter (DAC) 25, a FIG. 1A an enlarged view of the circled area of FIG. 1; decompressor 26, a controller 27, a central processing unit FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of the VCR-ET of (cpu) 28 and a random memory (RAM) 29, vcu 12, 30 FIG. 1; using these elements, accomplishes the digitization and diagram Of a VCR-ET in is a compression of analog signals as well as the reverse process accordance with another embodiment of the invention; and in which the digital are decompressed FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of an audio recorder/ and converted back to analog signals. transceiver constructed in accordance with the invention. 35 As a first step in the processing of the composite video signals within VCU 12, the sync signals are decoded to DESCRIPTION OF TIIE Pli isolate signals for each picture frame for processing. EMBODIMENT The video signals defining each frame may then be Referring to the drawing by reference characters, FIGS. 1 convertcd to a red analog signal, a grecn analog signal, and and 2 illustrate an improved audiobide0 recorder editor/ 4o a blue analog signal in a conventional manner, red, transceiver 10 (VCR-ET) comprising an audio/video recordgreen and blue analog signals are then converted to digital form by the analog to digital converter (ADC) 24. The frame ing unit (AVRU) 11, a video control unit (vcu> 12,memory 13, digital control unit (DCU) 14, video line or camera input is divided into a set of closely positioned rows and columns line 15, TV RF tuner 16, auxiliary digital input port 17, fiber of picture elements or ~~pixels;'Each pixel has a color optic inPut/outPut Port 18, RF modulator 19,RGB converter 45 defined by a set of three digital values defining strength of with synchronizer 21, and an audiohide0 transmitter/ the primary color components, red, green and blue (RGB) respectively. In one embodiment, each frame is divided into receiver 22 with keypad 45, all in a common housing. The audio/video recording unit AVRU 11 may be a video an array of 300 by 300 pixels, with the color and luminance casscttc recorder similar to a conventional VCR in which the of each pixel being defined by a seven bit word for the red storage media 23 is a magnetic tape. Alternatively AVRU 11 component, a Seven bit word for the blue component, and a may operate with other types of storage media including, but seven bit word for the grccn component. These words arc not limitcd to, other magnetic tape formats. AVliU 11 has all generated by ADC 24. The RGB video signal may also be the functions of the typical VCR including record, play, processed by means of hue-saturation-intensity (HSI) color rewind, slow motion, fast-forward and single frame hold. proassing, where appropriate, as described in ``Chips for An alternate form of storage media for use in AVRU 1 is 55 Real-Time Comparisons," Elecrronic Engineering Etnes, 1 the CD-ROM, which is a disk using a derivative of glass or issue 525, Feb. 13, 1989, page 122. plastic in conjunction with an aluminum or other metallic If each frame includes 90,000 pixels (300~300), each and coating. Audio and video signals are stored in the form of pixel is defined by 21 bits (7 bits per primary color), the irregularities in the aluminum coated surface and are read digital representation of a single video frame utilizes a using a low power laser. In this case, the user would not be 60 sizable block of digital information (i.e., 1.89 megabits/ able to store or write on the CD-ROM, but would be able to frame) which must be processed very rapidly. play discs that have been recorded and distributed commer(Approximately 30 frames/second are received from AVRU cially. The storage of video and audio signals on the 11.) Fortunately the analog to digital conversion of these CD-ROM is in digital form which is readily accommodated signals may be accomplished at the desired speed using by the video recorder of this invention. 65 commercially available analog to digital converter integrated circuits. The analog to digital converter 24 (ADC) is Instead of using a CD-ROM, VCR-ET 10 can use optical discs a s media 23. Such optical discs are similar to a a high-speed, high-accuracy, A to D "flash"converter avail-

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able as a single IC (integrated circuit). Several different destination requires an analog rorm). In the course of types oC such A/D converters are available Crom Burrconverting the decompressed signals Crom the VCU 12 for Brown, one of which is the ADC 600. Part number TIC034, use by the AVRU 11 the signals are synchronized by the time base generator (TBG) or corrector 48. TBG generator 48 manufactured by Tektronix, Inc. is also appropriate. Other types of devices appropriate for this Cunction are described 5 inserk synchronization pulses into the signal provided by VCU 12 to identify individual raster scan lines and frames in an article by K. Rogers entitled `%-bitN D Flash Hits 500 Msamples", Electronic Engineering Times, DCC.13, 1988, so that the rcsulting signal can be uscd by a conventional page 90, incorporated herein by reCerenm. television set or VCR. TBG 48 can be bypassed by shunt switch 48' for the purpose of transmitting either compressed Compression of the digital data defining a video frame and the reverse process (decompression) are accomplished 10 or decompressed signals from VCU 12 directly to the AVRU 11 in an uncorrected time based mode. by compressor/decompressor 26. Various algorithms may be employed in the compression process which enable the DAC 25 provides the inverse of the function performed representation of a series of numbers by a reduced number by N D converter 24. DAC25 is a high-speed, high accuracy of digits. As an example, compression algorithms like digital to analog converter. An example of such a converter 15 is the Burr-Brown DAC60 digital to analog converter. CCI'IT Group IV may be used. In one optional embodiment, to further reduce thc amount Different types of memory technologies arc adaptable for of memory required to store a program, the compression use in memory 13. As mentioned earlier, DRAM and SRAM algorithm can simply record data corresponding to only semiconductor memories are commonly used for applicathose pixels which change color from one frame to the next. tions of this type and are readily available. This results in considerable memory space savings, since not 20 One type of random access memory is CMOS all pixels change color each frame. Basing calculation upon (Complimentary Metal Oxide Semiconductor). The CMOS 10%of the pixels changing from one frame to the next, it is memory has the advantage of a relatively low power requireestimated that memory requirements using this technique are ment and is readily adaptable for use of battery backup for cut by about 90%. It is also estimated that on the average, the semi-permanent data storage. Other types of memory CCI'IT Group IV algorithm can cut memory requirements 25 include the above mentioned optical disc memories, bubble by another 95%. Thus, if no data compression technique is memories and magnetic disks. Another appropriate data used, it would take approximately 51.03 gigabytes to store storage media may be "Digital Paper" available from IC1 a 2 hour video program, but by using the above compression Image data of Wilmington, Del. techniques, it is estimated that memory 13 will require only Emerging memory technologies may also prove advanta3o 250 megabytes. geous with capabilities for mass data storage in even smaller Controller 27 handles timing and aids in the communiphysical dimensions. cation between the different elements of VCU 12, and Digital Control Unit (DCU) 14 comprises a CPU (Central between VCU 12, AVRU 11 and memory 13. Processor Unit) 31, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 32 and a In one embodiment, the audio portion of the program is 3s controller 32. DCU 14 is responsible for all of the digital periodically sampled and digitized by analog to digital editing processes. Through the use of DCU 14, video conversion. In one embodiment, this is done at a sample rate segments may be edited and rearranged. Thus, one may use of 88,00O/second, one byte per sample, to yield compact disc DCU 14 to rearrange the scenes in a program, alter the quality sound. The sampling rate could be dropped to reduce program sound track, etc. memory requirements. Also, the audio data can be com- 40 In addition, a program may be edited, one frame at a time, pressed with conventional algorithms. by changing the contrast, brightness, sharpness, colors, etc. The process of converting either from analog to digital or (Alteration of the contrast, brightness, sharpness and colors from digital to analog requires memory for intermediate can be automated as well.) In one embodiment, images can storage. Random Access Memory (RAM) 29 serves in this be rotated, scaled (i.e., made larger or smaller), etc. In capacity. For this purpose either a DRAM (Dynamic RAM) 45 addition, pixel by pixel editing can be accomplished by or a SRAM (static ILAM) may be employed. An example of DCU 14, e.g., in a manner similar to a PC paint program. a DRAM is the TI (Texas Instruments) TMX4C1024; an Similar editing features can be incorporated for the audio example of a SRAM is the INMOS IMS-1203. RAM 29 portion of each program. In one embodiment, a display such should have sufficient capacity to store at least two full as a flat panel video display (not shown) is built into the uncompressed frames (e.g., about 472 KB). 50 VCR-ET. A user interface control panel of DCU 14 allows a user to select a desired frame number from a menu on the The CPU (Central Processing Unit) 28 is a micro-10 display. The VCR-ET then displays a strip of frames processor which controls the digitization process of VCU (including several frames before and after the selected 12. CPU 28 works with controller 27 to control and comframe). The user can delete frames in a strip, select a point municate with the other elements of the VCU. There are numerous commercially available microprocessors that are 55 where other frames are to be inserted into the program, or edit different frames (Le., alter contrast, brightness, appropriate for this application. The Intel 80286, Intel sharpness, colors, etc.). In one embodiment, a user input 80386, Motorola 68020, and Motorola 68030 are examples. device such as a light pen or mouse can be used to select A more complete description of the microprocessors can be individual frames in a strip for editing. found in the Oct. 37, 1988 issue of Electronic Design News (EDN), pages 231 and 242, incorporated herein by 60 Instead of incorporating a flat display into VCR-ET 10, in reference, or in the applicable data sheets. another embodiment, a television coupled to output lead 42 of RF modulator 19 can be used during editing. Controller 27, CPU 28 and RAM 29 serve in the same manner during the reverse processes, i.e., decompression CPU 31 is a microprocessor of the type described in and digital to analog conversion. Decompression is first connection with the CPU 28 of VCU 12. Controller 33 is an accomplished in compressor/decompresor 26. The decom- 6s integrated circuit which handles the timing and interfacing pressed digital signal is then converted to an analog signal between DCU 14 and memory 13. ROM 32 holds the by digital to analog converter (DAC) 24 (assuming its necessary step-by-step editing programs which are installed

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degree of accuracy and reliability and at a high speed (e.g., about 200 megabytesisecond). The VCR-ET can receive/ transmit a video program at an accelerated rate via fiber optic port 18 from/to a variety of sources. For example a 5 video program may be communicated at an accelerated rate from the first VCR-ET 10 a second VCR-ETin less time than it would takc to view the program. `rhus, it is not ncccssary 10 access the optical fiber cor long periods of time in order to ti-ansmit a 10% video program. 10 It is also envisioned that in the future, a video library may be established which downloads video programs at an accelerated rate via optical fibers to a subscriber's VCR-ET. After downloading, the Program may be viewed, stored in memory, edited and/or a hard COPY of the program may be optical disk, etc. made On magnetic Switch 37 is providcd 10 select connection to thc fiber optic inputioutput port 18. An OFF or open position is provided. The selected signal is delivered to or supplied from high speed data bus 34. 2o Analog output signals from AVRU 11 are delivered to the common terminal 38 of a selector switch 39. When set to position A, switch 39 delivers the output signal ofAVRU 11 directly to a video output line 41 as a standard STCS composite signal; when set to position B switch 39 delivers 25 the output of VRU 11 to the input of RF modulator 19. Modulator 19 converts the video signal to an RF-modulated composite signal for delivery to such devices as televisions and conventional VCR's. These types of devices play back the video program on a particular frequency channel (such 30 as channel 4) on the television. Delivery to the television or VCR is via RF output line 42. Digital output signals from VCR-ET 10 may be dis. patched from high speed data bus 34 via line 4 to input 3s leads of RGB converter 21 and audiohide0 transmitter/ receiver 22. KGU converter 21 converb the S'rCS signal into an RGU signalas required by monitors and similardisplay devices. m e converted signal is received by a display device 4o connected to RGB output line 44, VCR-ET 10 includes audio/video transmittedreceiver 22 which is typically a built-in modem, Advantageously, the modem may be used to communicate an audio/video pro11. gram over conventional phone lines in a manner similar to Auxiliary digital input port 17 is employed to receive any 45 that described above with respect to optical fibers. The term acceptable digital signal such as computer-generated video modem is derived directly from its functionality as a signal or as may be supplied by another VCR-ET. This modulator-demodulator which allows transfer of the audio/ signal, for example, may be an RGU video signal such as video signal in a digital format over the standard telephone line. Modems are commonly available for computers and are that delivered to computer monitors, or it may be a digitized audio signal. (As mentioned above, an RGB signal is a 50 currently available in the form of a single integrated circuit. signal which communicates thc strength of the rcd, green As an example, Sierra Semiconductor offers a 2400 baud and blue color components for the pixels that make up each single chip modem under its part number SC111006. Repvideo frame.) Switch 36 selects whether the digital video/ resentative manufacturers of these single modem IC's can be found in the Apr. 14, 1988 issue of Engineering Design audio input signal is chosen from auxiliary digital input port 17. Switch 36 supplies the selected signal to high speed data 55 News (EDN), pages 174-1715. Some of these single IC bus 34 which cames the signals in digital form. modems have the added capability of generating the tones for dialing a phone number. The destination phone number Fiber optic port 18 incorporates a fiber optic transceiver. Port 18 has a capability for transforming fiber optic (light) may be entered by means of an optional keyboardkeypad 45 signals to electrical signals or for transforming electrical incorporated in the video recorder 10 of the invention. signals to fiber optic signals. Port 18 thus provides a 60 Output port 46 of transmitter/receiver 22 connects directly to capability for two-way communication between high speed the telephone line. Also associated with Modem 22 is an auxilliary keyboard data bus 34 and a fiber optic signal line. The incorporation of fiber optic port 18 in the VCR-ET provides a capability 45' (FIG. 1A) of buttons Cor commanding the modem to for receiving audio/video signals from or delivering audio/ perform tasks such as starting a transmission over phone video signals to the fiber optic line such as a fiber optic 6s lines (45a), terminating a transmission (456), automatic telephone line. The fiber optic line carries digital signals in telephone answering to receive transmissions (45c), using an the form of light waves over great distances with a high optional speaker (not shown) to monitor phone lines (454,

at the factory. A currently available example of a suitable ROM for this application is the Texas Instruments part TMS47256. CPU 31 and controller 33 together control the editing process as they execute the programs stored in ROM 32. me VCU 12, memory 13 and DCU 14 communicate with each other via a high speed data bus 34. The high speed data bus is required in order to meet bandwidth requirements, Examples of suitable data bus devices are Motorola's VME bus, Intel's Multibus and the Optobuss (US. Pat. No. 4,732,446). Avideo line or camera input line 15 is provided to enable VCR-ET 10 to receive an input signal from a source such as a television camera, a conventional VCR, a television tuner, or another VCR, ctc. Thc signals rcccivcd at input line 15 arc typically carried by a coaxial cable and are in the form of a standard television composite signal. As used throughout this specification, the words "standard television composite signal" or its acronym STCS shall be read to include any one of the following: NTSC, PAL, SECAM, HDTV, or any American or European broadcast signal standards. (NTSC, PAL and SECAM are discussed in "Reference Data for Radio Engineers", published by Howard W. Sams & Co. in 1983, incorporated herein by rcfercnce.) An NTSC composite signal is defined as the analog signal that carries the chrominance (color), luminance (brightness), synchronization (timing) and audio signals that make up the video signals received and displayed by television and video cassette recorders. These four components are combined into one signal by modulating the components in different ways. (Amplitude modulation and phase rnodulatiori are examples.) The standard video h e signal is such a composite signal and may be received at input line 15 from one of the above-mentioned sources. `I'V KF tuner input port 16 also supplies a composite signal as described in regard to video input line 15. The difference is that this signal is received from an antenna or Cable `rvCoaxial cable. `YO receive such a signal, tuner 16 is capable of being set or tuned to receive the desired carrier frequency or television channel. Selector switch 35 is provided to select either video input line 15 or TV RF tuner 16 as an input signal Source to AVRU

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using an optional microphone (not shown) to speak over the video images, or they may be audio commentaries to be phone lines (4%) and for controlling the baud rate (4.5fi. added to silent video presentations. In addition, as mentioned above, the order in which various segments appear in The application and utilization of the VCR-ET may the video programs may he altered. Certain undesired include a number of forms or operating modes. In its first and simplest opcrating mode, AVRU 1 may bc opcratcd in 5 segments, such as TV commercials, may be removed. This 1 editing operation is accomplished under the control of DCU the manner of a conventional VCR with signals from an 14. antenna being received by tuner 16 and recorded directly on In still another operating mode, a program stored in media mcdia 23 in analog form. At thc samc timc thc received 23 of AVRU 11 or being received by AVRU 11 from input program may be viewed on the television screen with the television connected at video output terminal 42. An 10 line 15 (as from a video camera) may be digitized and compressed by VCU-12 and routed via bus 34, to memory optional signal sourcc for this type of opcration is the video 13. The data from memory 13 is then routed to line 43, line or camera input line 15 selectable by switch 35. transmitted receiver 22 and to a telephone line. At the other In a second operating mode a program stored in media 23 end of the telephone line the signals received are processed of AVRU 11 may be played back and viewed on the 15 by another VCR-ET. conncctcd tclcvision sct. Once rcccivcd in the sccond VCR-ET'S mcmory 13, thc Whcn it is dcsircd to copy a program from onc rccording digitized program can then either be viewed directly from media to another, the recording media holding the desired memory or transferred to storage medium 23, either in its program is installed in the AVRU. The recording media is then playcd back with optional vicwing on a conncctcd 20 entirety or in random scgmcnts, bascd on user prcferencc. In the case of video camera input at input 15 the transtelevision set or other TV monitor or listening through mitted signals may comprise a live transmission. Altemaspeakers (as appropriate). As the recording media is played tively the transmitted program may be derived from a back, thc analog signals from thc recording mcdia (video program stored in media 23 of AVRU 11. In this case the and/or audio) are dispatched to VCU 12 via connection 47 The analog signals are converted to digital signals by ADC 25 stored analog program is again decoded, digitized, compressed and transmitted via bus 34 to memory 13. The data 24, compressed by comprcssor/dccomprcssor 26 and thc in memory 13 is then communicated via line 43 and compressed digital signals are stored in memory 13. The transmitter/receiver 22 to telephone lines. foregoing operations are accomplished under the control of controller 27 and CPU 28. RAM 29 is used for interim data It follows, of course, that digitized video and audio storage during this process. Once the complete video/audio 3o signals from the remote VCR-ET at the other end of the program has been stored in memory 13, the recording media telephone line may be received at line 46, entered into from which the stored program has just been read is replaced memory 13 via transmitter/receiver 22, converted to analog by blank recording media upon which the stored program is signals by VCU 12, and recorded on media 23 and then to be copied. CPU 28 in cooperation with controller 27 and viewed, if desired, on a television set connected at output 42. RAM 29 then executes the decompression and digital to 3s A hard copy of the program may also be made for later analog conversion of the program stored in memory 13, viewing. decompression taking place in compressor/decompressor As mentioned earlier, when any of the foregoing opera26, and digital to analog conversion being accomplished by tions entail the processing of unmodulated video signals, DAC 25. The resulting analog program is stored on the blank such signals must first be processed by RF modulator 19 recording media which constitutes media 23 of AVRU 11. 40 before they can be accepted by devices such as a conventional VCR or television set; when the monitoring means is In an alternate mode of operation, the decompression a computer monitor or a similar display device the signals circuitry of VCU l can be bypassed. Thus, a user has the 2 are processed by RGB converter 21. option of downloading the stored program from memory 13 onto recording media 23 in compressed digital format. The All of the foregoing operations are performed with user can then reload the program from media 23 into 45 enhanded quality and efficiency by virtue of the digital, memory 13 at a future time for viewing, editing or recording rather than analog, storage and transmission modes and the back onto recording media 23 in analog form. This capacompressed data storage mechanism, with additional advanbility allows the user to quickly clear memory 13 for other tages of improved cost and reliability afforded in the case of interim uses and also provides the user with a hard copy of tape to tape (or other media to media) program transfers by the program in digital format. The hard copy in compressed 50 virtue of the requirement for only a single tape deck or other digital format has a number of uses, e.g. it could be archived storage device. for later viewing, transmitted by an appropriate independent FIG. 3 illustrates an alternative embodiment invention in transmitter, etc. which AVRU 1 is not integral with VCU 12,memory 13 or 1 During the foregoing procedures, DCU 14 may be utilized editor 14. In this embodiment, AVRU 11 is a conventional, for editing operations. As the program is being read Gom the ss commercially available VCR which receives a modulated first or original recording media, it is simultaneously viewed video input signal on an input cable 50. In this embodiment on the TV screen, or listened to by means of an audio AVRU 11 includes a RF tuner 51 for demodulating the input monitor, converted to digital signals, compressed and stored signal so it can be stored in media 23. AVRU 11 also in memory 13. Once the digital audio/video program is includes a RF modulator 52 for modulating the signal stored in memory 13, editing is accomplished by the user 60 received from media 23 and providing the RF modulated through control of DCU 14, by means of a control panel (not output signal on an output cable 53, which can be coupled to a television set. (TV RF tuner 51 and RF modulator 52 are shown) coupled to DCU 14. If desired, additional audio/ video signals may be simultaneously entered into memory provided in typical commercially available VCR's.) A switch 54 is provided to couple input cable 50 to output 13 and added to those received from VCU l2.The additional signals may be introduced from auxiliary digital input port 65 cable 53 when media 23 is not serving as a video signal source. The VCR-ET of this embodiment includes a TV RF 17 or from fiber optic input/output port 18 and may comprise video captions for super imposed position upon the stored tuner 55 which receives and demodulates the signal on cable

APBU-00000400

Case 3:06-cv-00019-MHP

Document 79 5,995,705

Filed 12/09/2006

Page 11 of 35

53, and provides the resultant analog audioivideo signal on a lead 56, which is digitized and compressed as described above. In this alternative embodiment, the digitized compressed signal may be processed as described above, e.g. stored in memory 13 (via high speed bus 34), edited, transmitted by the fiber optic port 18 to another VCR-ET, etc. When it is desired to view a program stored in memory 13, data from memory 13 is decompressed and converted to an analog signal by VCU 12, and the resulting signal is Provided on an output lead 57 to a RF modulator 58,which modulates thc video signal SO that it can bc rcccivcd and stored by AVRU 11 or viewed on a television coupled to cable 53. (As mentioned above, in the FIG. 3 embodiment, AVIiU 1 is a conventional VCK.) 1 One advantage of the embodiment of FIG. 3 is that many pcoplc already own VCR's. Rather than buying apparatus which duplicates mu& of the hardware already present in their VCR, the embodiment of FIG. 3 would provide to OwncrS of conventional VCI{'s capabilities which are 0thenvise currently unavailable in an economical manner. In one cmbodimcnt, analog auxiliary audio and input terminals 62, 64 are provided so that analog signals may be provided by alternate sources to VCU 12. for rile embodiments described above include transmitting/receiving video programs Over fiber optic cables. H ~ in an ~ alternative embodiment, ~ ~ ~ either in ~ of fiber optic port 18 or in addition to fiber optic port 18, are provided for transmitting and/or receiving a microwave video program via microwavc, convcntiona~ technology, satellite systems and microwave transmitters transmit data using a low powerhigh frequency signal, In an embodiment of the invention designed to receive microwaves, the VCR-ET includes an an,plifier for amplifying the microwave signal and a demodulator for obtaining the video program signal from the microwave signal. Receiving, amplifying and demodulating the microwave signal can be accomplished with conventional microwave transceiver equipment. The video program signal is typically in digital form, and may be stored, viewed or edited as in the above-described embodiments. Program data from memory 13 can also be transmitted by the microwave transciever, thereby providing the capability for microwave transmission of stored video programs in compressed digital format. Thus, the invention can be used to receive and transmit programs via microwaves at an accelerated rate similar to and at least as fast as, the transmission and reception of programs over optical fibers. This feature allows transmission and reception of programs in a few minutes or seconds using currently available technology. Both point-to-point microwave transceivers and satellite transceivers may be used. The embodiments described include means for receiving, storing and transmitting both audio and video signals. However, the invention encompasses apparatus which can store and transmit video signals only and apparatus which can store and transmit audio signals only. An embodiment designed to store and compress audio signals is illustrated in FIG. 4. Referring to FIG. 4, an audio signal source 70 (a tape recorder, microphone, record player, etc.) is coupled to a digitizer and compressor circuit 72, which converts the analog signal to a digital signal and compresses the digital signal in a manner similar to VCU 12 described above. The digital compressed signal can then be stored in a memory 74. Of importance, data from memory 74 can be transmitted by a fiber optic transceiver 76, or by a microwave transceiver 78 at an accelerated rate. This is important not only in a home entertainment application, but in other applications as

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well. For example, a user can dictate an audio presentation and send it to a remote location (e.g. an office) at an accelerated rate without having to monopolize the transmission medium (e.g. the fiber optic cable) for an extended length of time. The business uses of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 4 makes home offices feasible for many workers now confined to more traditional offices and also opens new possibilities to business people who are traveling. In the embodiment of FIG. 4, data can also be loaded from memory 74, via a modem 79 over a conventional phone line 80. Data can also be received from phone line 80, fiber optic transceiver 76 or microwave transceiver 78, loaded into memory 74, and converted to an analog signal by circuit 72, to bc listcncd to via an audio monitor 82, or to bc storcd on an audio tape cassette 84 O r other storage media. An editor 86 is optionally provided SO that the data in memory 74 may bc CditCd, by rcananging the order of portions of the audio program, increasing or decreasing the volume of portions (or different frequency components) of audio Program, or enhancing thc audio program through techniques (e.g. to remove static and noise). An improved audioivideo recorder with significantly expanded functional capabilities is thus provided in accordance with the stated objects of the invention and although but a singlc cmbodiment of the invention has been illustrated , and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit of the invention or from the Of the For the VCR-ET can be constructed SO as to be portable. Thus, it could be camed to a location where it is desired to record a program, and used to edit the program after it is recorded with a video camera. Other modificationswill be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the Present specification. What is is: 1. An audiohide0 transceiver apparatus comprising: input means for receiving audioivideo source information, said audiohide0 source information comprising a multiPlicitY of video f m r CollectivelY representing at ~ least one full motion video program; compression means, coupled to said input means, for compressing said audio/video source information into a digital time compressed representation thereof, wherein said digital time compressed representation of said audiohide0 source information is capable of being transmitted in a burst transmission time period that is substantially shorter than a time period associated with real time viewing by a receiver of said audio/video source information; storage means, coupled to said compression means, for storing said digital time compressed representation of said audiohide0 source information; and transmission means, coupled to said storage means, for transmitting said digital time compressed representation of said audio/video source information away from said audio/video transceiver apparatus in said burst transmission time period. 2. The audioivideo transceiver apparatus of claim 1, further comprising editing means, coupled to said storage means, for editing the digital time compressed representation of said audio/video .source information stored in said storage means and for storing the edited digital time compressed representation of said audio/video source information in said storage means. 3. The audio/video transceiver apparatus of claim 2, wherein said transmission means is configured to receive the

12

APBU-00000401

Case 3:06-cv-00019-MHP

Document 79 5,995,705

Filed 12/09/2006

Page 12 of 35

13
edited digital time compressed representation of said audio/ video source information and to transmit the edited digital time compressed representation of said audioivideo source information away from said audioivideo transceiver apparatus in said burst transmission time period. 4. The audio/video transceiver apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: decompression means, coupled to said storage means, for selectively decompressing the digital time compressed representation of said audiohide0 source information stored in said storage means; and editing means, coupled to said decompression means and said storage means, for editing the decompressed digital time compressed representation of said audioivideo source information, and for then storing the edited decompressed digital time compressed representation of said audioivideo source information in said storage means. 5. The audioividco transceiver apparatus of claim 1, wherein said input means comprise analog to digital converter means for converting analog audio/video source information received at said input means to corresponding digital audioivideo source information. 6. An audio/video information transfer network comprking a plurality of audioivideo transceivers coupled via at least one communication link, each of the audioivideo transceivers comprising: input means for receiving audioivideo source information, said audio/video source information comprising a multiplicity of video frames collectively representing at least one full motion video program; compression means, coupled to said input means, for compressing said audio/video source information into a digital time cornpressed representation thereof, wherein said digital time compressed representation of said audioivideo source information is capable of being transmitted in a burst transmission time period that is substantially shorter than a time period associated with real time viewing by a receiver of said audio/video source information; storage means, coupled to said compression means, for storing said digital time compressed representation O f said audioivideo source information; and transmission means, coupled to said storage means, for transmitting said digital time compressed representation of said audiohide0 source information away from said audio/video transceiver apparatus in said burst transmission time period. 7. The audio/video transfer network of claim 6, wherein: said input means of at least one of said Plurality of audioivideo transceivers includes a fiber optic input port; said transmission means of at least one other of said plurality of audiohide0 transceivers includes a fiber optic output port; and said at least one communication link includes a fiber optic transmission line coupling in communication said fiber optic input port with said fiber optic output port. 8. The audioivideo transfer network of claim 6, wherein said transmission means of at least one of said plurality of audioivideo transceivers includes a modem, and said at least one communication link includes a telephone transmission line. 9. The audioivideo transfer network of claim 6, wherein at least one of said audio/video transceivers further comprises editing means, coupled to said storage means, for

14
editing the digital time compressed representation of said audioivideo source information stored in said storage means and for storing the edited digital time compressed representation of said audio/video source information in said storage 5 means. 10. The audioivideo transfer network of claim 6, wherein at least one of said audioivideo transceivers further comprises: decompression means, coupled to said storage means, for 10 selectively decompressing the digital time compressed representation of said audiohide0 source information stored in said storage means; and editing means, coupled to said decompression means and said storage means, for editing the decompressed digil5 tal time compressed representation of said audio/video source information, and for then storing the edited decompressed digital time compressed representation of said audio/video source information in said storage means. 2o 11. The audiohide0 transceiver network of claim 6, wherein at least one of said plurality of audioivideo transceivers further comprises analog to digital converter means for converting analog audioivideo source information received at said input means to corresponding digital audio/ 25 video source information. 12. A method for handling audioivideo source information, the method comprising the steps of receiving audio/video source information, said audio/ video source information comprising a multiplicity of 30 video frames collectively constituting at least one full motion video program; compressing the received audiohide0 source information into a digital time cornpressed representation thereof, 35 the digital time compressed representation of said audioivideo source information having an associated burst transmission time period that is substantially shorter than a time period associated with real time viewing by a receiver of said audio/video source infor4o mation; storing the digital time compressed representation of said audioivideo source information; and transmitting, in said burst transmission time period, the stored digital time compressed representation of said 45 audioivideo source information to a selected destination. 13. The method of claim 12, further comprising the steps

-

-

of:

5o

editing the stored time compressed representation of said audio/video source information; and storing the edited time compressed representation of said audioivideo source information. 14. The method of claim 12, further comprising the step of converting the received audio/video information from an 55 analog format to a digital format. 15. The method of claim 12 wherein the step of transmitting the stored digital time compressed video information further comprises sending said time compressed data to one of a plurality of audiohide0 transceivers connected over at 60 least one communications link. 16. The method of claim 15 wherein said at least one communications link comprises an optical channel. 17. The method of claim 15, wherein said at least one communications link comprises a telephone transmission 65 channel. 18. The method of claim 12,further comprising the step of providing a network that includes a plurality of audio/

APBU-00000402

Case 3:06-cv-00019-MHP

15

Document 79 5,995,705

Filed 12/09/2006

Page 13 of 35

16

vidco transceivers, coupled via at least one communications link, said selected destination comprising at least one of said plurality of audiohide0 transceivers. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein said at least one communications link comprises an optical channel. 20. The method of claim 18, wherein said at least one communications link comprises a tclephonc transmission channel. 21. A method f o r audio/video Source information, thc method comprising thc steps of rcccivhg audio/vidco source information as a digital time compressed representation thereof, said audioivideo source information comprising a multiplicity of video frames collectively constituting at least one full motion video program selected from a video library storing a plurality of video programs in a digital time cornpresscd representation thereof for sclcctive retrieval; said at lcast one video program being rcccivcd by a receiver in a burst transmission time period that is substantially shorter than a time period associated with

real-time viewing by a receiver of said at least one video program; storing the digital time compressed representation of said audioivideo source information; and transmitting, in said burst transmission time period, the stored digital time comprcsscd rcprcscntation of said audio/video source information to a selected destination. 22. 'l'hc method of claim 21, further comprising the step of providing a network that includes a plurality of audio/ video transceivers, coupled via at least one communications link, said selected destination comp&hg at least one of said plurality of audio/video transceivers. 23. The method of claim 22, wherein said at least one communications link comprises an optical channel. 24. The method of claim 22, wherein said at least one communications link comprises a telephone transmission channcl.

*****

APBU-00000403

Case 3:06-cv-00019-MHP PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE Filed 12/09/2006 UNITED STATES Document 79

Page 14 of 35

CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION

DATED

PATENT NO.

INVENTOR(Sj

: November 30, 1999 : Richard Lang

: 5,995,705

Page 1 of 1

It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent is hereby corrected as shown below:

Title page, Related US. Application Data, should read as follows: -- E631 Continuation of application No. 08/624,958, filed March 28, 1996, now abandoned, which is a continuation of application No. 07/976,542, filed Nov. 16, 1992, now abandoned, which is a division of application No. 07/775,182, filed November 11, 1991, now Pat. No. 5,164,839, which is a division of application No. 07/347,629, filed May 5 , 1989, now Pat. No. 5,057,932, which is a continuation-inpart of application No. 071289,776, filed December 27, 1988, now Pat. No. 4,963,995.

Signed and Sealed this Thirtieth Day of April, 2002

Attest:

Artesrirtg

Officer

JAMES E. ROGAN Director of rlze United Stares Poterrr orid Trodernark Oflee

APBU-00000404

Case 3:06-cv-00019-MHP

Document 79

Filed 12/09/2006

Page 15 of 35

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CLAIMS ALLOWED

Total Claims

FORh4 PTO-126/ (Rev 11 82)

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ISSUE CLASSIFICATION
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WARNINQ The Informatlon disclosed hereln may be restricted. Unaulhorlzed disclosure may be prohibited by the Unlted Stales Coda Title 35, Secllons 122,181 and 368. Possession outslde (he U.S. Patent &Trademark Oiilce Is reslrlcled l o authorized employees I 'and contractors only.
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APBU-00000405

Case 3:06-cv-00019-MHP

Document 79

Filed 12/09/2006

Page 16 of 35

23.
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APBU-00000406

Case 3:06-cv-00019-MHP

Document 79

Filed 12/09/2006

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Page 17 of 35

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INDEX OF CLAIMS
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APBU-00000407

Case 3:06-cv-00019-MHP

Document 79

Filed 12/09/2006

Page 18 of 35

3 -1
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I INTERFERENCE SEARCHED

APBU-00000408

Case 3:06-cv-00019-MHP

Document 79

Filed 12/09/2006

Page 19 of 35

~AR CODE LABEL

I US. PATENT APPLICATION
CLASS FILING DATE GROUP ART UNIT

SERIAL NUMBER

071976,542

R U L E 60

11/16/92

358

2615

0E OCK 0. STATE OR 9 SHEETS OTA I F G COUNTRY DRAWING CLAIMS CLAIMS RECEIVED

A2

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$

355.00

284

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AUDIO/VIDEO RECORDER/TRANSCEIVER

This is to certtfy that annexed hereto is a true copy from the records of the United States Patent and Trademark Office of the application as filed which is identified above. By authority of the COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS AND TRADEMARKS Date Certlfylng Officer

APBU-00000409

Case 3:06-cv-00019-MHP

Document 79

Filed 12/09/2006

Page 20 of 35

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Applicarbn or Docket Numbor

SMAUENmy

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Case 3:06-cv-00019-MHP

TOTAL CLAIMS FILING FEE

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Document 79

STATUS

I
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Filed 12/09/2006

CLAIMED

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Case 3:06-cv-00019-MHP

Document 79

Filed 12/09/2006

Page 22 of 35

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11 BACKGRBOND OF THE INVENTION *12& The video cassette recorher ( V C R ) has added 1 3 signif icantly to the usefulness o the home television
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set. Important or exceptionally good programs may be recorded to be viewed again. Programs appearing at times that are inconvenient Eor viewing may be recorded or playback at a later time. Recorded movies or other materials, educational or entertaining, may be rented or borrowed for viewing at home, (As used in the remainder of this specification, the term "program" encompasses movies and other types of video and/or audio materials, whether broadcast from a TV station or another source.) The typical VCR has i t s own tuner-receiver an9 a videorecorder. It can receive and record a program from one channel while the television set is being employed to view a program on another channel. Programs are recorded on magnetic tape, The tape is then played back and viewed on the television set, Features commonly included in the VCR are capabilities f o r advancing the tape forward or backward at a high speed, stopping motion at any Erame to hold the image, o simply playing back the recording at normal speed, r Desirable features that are not normally available in a VCR are capabilities for copying recorded programs from one tape o r alternative storage medium to a similar o r dissimilar storage medium, editing recorded programs and h i g h speed recording. Another desirable, but currently unavailable, feature is the capability for high speed, h i g h quality transmission and reception by optical fiber using
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APBU-00000412

~

Case 3:06-cv-00019-MHP

Document 79

Filed 12/09/2006

Page 23 of 35

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the VCR.' Description of the Prior Art United States Patent No. 4,768,110, incorporated herein by reference, describes a VCR having two tape decks included therein, The purpose f o r the in_clusion of two decks rather than the usual s i n g l e t a p e deck is t o permit the simultaneous viewing of a live RF-modulated TV signal or prerecorded material while recording another live RF-modulated TV signal and to also allow the copying of material from a first: magnetic cassette tape onto a second magnetic cassette tape without the use of a second VCR. Viewing of the recorded material during the copying process is also possible in this arrangement, A major disadvantage is that the incorporation of the second tape deck is expensive and limited co magnetic tape, and Purthermore, this.prfor art does not allow for the transmission or reception of recorded material over optical fibers o r the high speed reception or transmission of audio/video material in a digital format. An additional disadvantage is the inability f o r random access editing of the audio/video signal. Furthermore, the additional mechanical structure adds significantly to t h e overall dimension of the equipment and increases the prospects o f mechanical failures.
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23 24 25 26 27
28

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

29 30
31 32 33 34 35 36

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In accordance with the invention, an improved audio/video recorder is provided with added features and functions which significantly enhance its usefulness and functionality It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to provide an improved audio/video recorder f o r use in conjunction with an ordinary home television set, Another object of the invention is t o provide in such an improved audiojvideo recorder a capability f o r traosferring a previously recorded program from one magnetic tape o r other storage medium t o another. A Purther object of the invention is to provide such a

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APBU-00000413

Case 3:06-cv-00019-MHP

Document 79

Filed 12/09/2006

Page 24 of 35

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