Motorola Mobility, Inc. v. Apple, Inc.

Filing 211

MOTION to Amend/Correct the Procedural Schedule to Serve Supplemental Invalidity Contentions and Accompanying Memorandum of Law in Support by Motorola Mobility, Inc.. Responses due by 1/17/2012 (Attachments: # 1 Affidavit Cathleen Garrigan, # 2 Exhibit A, # 3 Exhibit B, # 4 Exhibit C, # 5 Exhibit D, # 6 Exhibit E, # 7 Exhibit F, # 8 Exhibit G, # 9 Exhibit H, # 10 Exhibit I, # 11 Exhibit J, # 12 Exhibit K, # 13 Exhibit L, # 14 Exhibit M, # 15 Exhibit N)(Mullins, Edward)

Designed for
:••••111
0..0/
,.00;001
'•01010
'•00•10

Microsoft
Windowg'95

Hardware Design
Guide for

IW1fldOWS TM 95
A Practical Guide
for Developing
Plug and Play PCs
and Peripherals
Micmsoft
PRE,SS

a.

• atet,L,,,,,„„

Hardware Design Guide
for Microsoft Windows' 95
A Practical Guide for Developing
Plug and Play PCs and Peripherals

Microsoft Corporation

PUBLISHED BY
Microsoft Press
A Division of Microsoft Corporation
One Microsoft Way
Redmond, Washington 98052-6399
Copyright © 1994 by Microsoft Corporation
All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means
without the written permission of the publisher.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Hardware Design Guide for Microsoft Windows 95 / Microsoft
Corporation.
p.
cm.
Includes index.
ISBN 1-55615-642-1
1. Electronic digital computers--Design and construction.
2. Computer software--Development. 3. Microsoft Windows (Computer
file)
TK7888.3.M544 1994
004.256--dc20

94-29762
CIP

Printed and bound in the United States of America.
5 6 7 8 9 MLML 9 8 7 6 5
Distributed to the book trade in Canada by Macmillan of Canada, a division of Canada
Publishing Corporation.
A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
Microsoft Press books are available through booksellers and distributors worldwide. For further information about
international editions, contact your local Microsoft Corporation office. Or contact Microsoft Press International directly
at fax [phone].
3Com, EtherLink, EtherLink II, EtherLink HTP, EtherLink HI, EtherLink Plus, and TokenLink are registered trademarks
of 3Com Corporation. Adaptec is a trademark of Adaptec Inc. PostScript is a registered trademark of Adobe Systems, Inc.
AT&T is a registered trademark of American Telephone and Telegraph Company. Adlib is a registered trademark of
Applied Data Research, Inc. Artisoft is a registered trademark of Artisoft, Inc. ATI is a trademark of ATI Technologies,
Inc. Cabletron is a trademark of Cabletron Systems, Inc. Centronics is a registered trademark of Centronics Data Computer
Corporation. COMPAQ is a registered trademark of Compaq Computer Corporation. CompuServe is a registered
trademark of CompuServe, Inc. Sound Blaster and Sound Blaster Pro are trademarks of Creative Labs, Inc. DEC is a
trademark of Digital Equipment Corporation. TrueSpeech is a trademark of DSP Group, Inc. Everex and SpeedLink are
trademarks of Everex Systems, Inc. Future Domain is a trademark of Future Domain Corporation. Video Seven is a
trademark of Headland Technology, Inc. Ethertwist, Hewlett-Packard, and HP are registered trademarks of HewlettPackard Company. Olivetti is a registered trademark of Ing. C. Olivetti. Intel is a registered trademark and EtherExpress,
Indeo, Pentium, and TokenExpress are trademarks of Intel Corporation. AT, IBM, Micro Channel, PAL, Personal System/
2, PS/2, Token Ring, Token Ring II, and XGA are registered trademarks and PC/XT and XT are trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation. Logitech is a trademark of Logitech, Inc. Panasonic is a registered trademark of
Matsushita Electric Co., Ltd. Media Vision is a trademark of Media Vision, Inc. BallPoint, Microsoft, MS, and Win32 are
registered trademarks and InPort, Windows, and Windows NT are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the U.S. and
other countries. Mouse Systems is a trademark of Mouse Systems Corporation. National Semiconductor is a registered
trademark of National Semiconductor Corporation. NCR is a registered trademark of NCR Corporation. Novell and Exos
are registered trademarks of Novell, Inc. Olicom is a trademark of Olicom USA, Inc. Pioneer is a registered trademark of
Pioneer Kabushiki Kaisha. Proteon is a trademark of Proteon, Inc. Pure Data is a trademark of Pure Data, Inc. Racal is a
registered trademark of Racal-Datacom, Inc., a subsidiary of Racal Electronics, PLC. RadiSys is a trademark of RadiSys
Corporation. SONY is a registered trademark of Sony Corporation. SMC is a registered trademark of Standard
Microsystems Corporation. Tandy is a registered trademark of Tandy Corporation. Texas Instruments is a registered
trademark of Texas Instruments, Inc. Thomas-Conrad is a trademark of Thomas-Conrad Corporation. Trantor is a
trademark of Trantor Systems, Ltd., a subsidiary of Adaptec, Inc. Tulip is a registered trademark of Tulip Computers
International, By. Unicode is a trademark of Unicode, Inc. Weitek is a registered trademark of Weitek Corporation.
Western Digital is a registered trademark of Western Digital Corporation. Xircom is a trademark of Xircom, Inc. Yamaha
is a registered trademark of Yamaha Corporation of America. Zenith Data Systems is a trademark of Zenith Data Systems
Corporation.

PA R T 1

Design Overvi

- contains:#nekalinforfnation.a
93.'conifiuter). and
indOwsT
, and diktfases the iia§on.f . 6r i.Ligninga

enthiter Microsoft®
'It idP 1a7pects cf aPC 95system,

asenne PC stem& horn,a
defines th6 basiStk the PC,...9
thd. ol tre$4111
orical• perspectIve This'.diapter als0: explafn liarLw
etations
e. viein
K forl. gi ahd
.,
-

ceprthi isqusseshis o4:3ca.:1 -i:asons -0rs
,
teiy2 introduces ..
,
er.,-alscdes..tebes,
eu4b.iii:eTeorffide
ow/ eas Plug;andl? a is ck
'olde
' -.: l'.
Mit nPs,.: each. step
-. - ...
.. .
totess', ..as well as nee e eltanges.to,--- hardware
:PlogrfiTid
,
oyice riyets.

3

CHAPTER 1

The PC 95

What Is a PC 95?
Plug and Play
The Windows 95 Operating System
The New Hardware Standards
Costs and Benefits

4
5
6
7
8

4

Hardware Design Guide for Microsoft Windows 95

Note PC 95 refers to a platform designed to be the minimum standard PC for
Microsoft® WindowsTM 95 during 1995. By early 1995, almost all new PCs are
expected to meet these criteria.

The PC 95 is a new platform consisting of three key elements—a minimum set of
hardware features, Plug and Play components, and Windows 95. This platform
provides the user with a PC that is easy to use and configure. In a sense, it offers the
power of a PC without the hassles commonly associated with complex devices.
With the PC 95, complexities are handled internally; the user sees only a device
that is as easy to use as any other appliance in the home.
This chapter introduces the PC 95, discusses its costs and benefits, and describes
the relationships between the hardware, Plug and Play, and Windows 95.
The PC 95 requirements defme the basic hardware platform necessary to qualify
for the Microsoft® Windows" 95 Logo. The logo also indicates that Windows 95
is preinstalled and has passed the Microsoft Windows 95 Hardware Compatibility
Tests (HCT), so users will not have to worry about hardware and software compatibility. For more information about meeting the requirements for the Windows 95
Logo program, contact the Microsoft Compatibility Labs (MCL) at 206-635-4949.

What Is a PC 95?
The PC 95 is the physical reali7ation of the concept that the power of computers
should extend to the ordinary user. Combining the advantages of the Plug and Play
hardware and software architecture, the standardized features of the PC hardware
design, and the easy-to-use, attractive interface of Windows 95, the PC 95 establishes a new standard. It is simple, versatile, and usable.

Chapter 1 The PC 95

5

The PC 95 also specifies as standard certain features that have only been options, in
the past. Users and software developers can count on the availability of these
standard features, making product design and purchase decisions easier.
Baseline PC systems have evolved incrementally over the years. The basic PC was
defined in 1981 with the shipment of the IBM® PC. Many advances since then have
become standard, including the 16-bit AT® bus, VGA display technology, and the
386 (80386) CPU architecture. A number of optional features have also increased
in popularity, notably, audio, CD-ROM, small computer system intelface (SCSI),
modems, mice, and alternate expansion buses such as the Peripheral Component
Interconnect (PCI) bus and the Personal Computer Memory Card International
Association (PCMCIA) bus. The arrival of Windows 95 is an opportunity to raise
the standard for what users and manufacturers expect in a basic PC.
The PC 95 represents the current standard for a Windows 95—based PC, the next
logical step in this evolution. The PC 95 provides hardware specifically designed
and optimized for both Plug and Play and Windows 95.

Plug and Play
The Plug and Play initiative is a set of hardware and software specifications that
define a minimum Plug and Play system. Implementations of these specifications
are found throughout the PC 95, including a Plug and Play BIOS, Plug and Play
methods of identifying and configuring hardware resource requirements for expansion cards and peripherals, and operating system software that recognizes and uses
the Plug and Play features of the system.
A Plug and Play system contains a Plug and Play BIOS that identifies and
configures the integrated resources on the PC system. For example, the system
BIOS identifies motherboard devices such as parallel ports and display adapters,
and allocates their resources.
Expansion cards and peripheral hardware must also be designed to implement the
Plug and Play specifications. This guide includes the design criteria for Plug and
Play expansion devices and peripheral hardware in addition to the descriptions of
hardware requirements and recommendations for the PC 95.
Plug and Play software, such as Windows 95, uses the features of Plug and Play
hardware to identify the resources of all devices in the system, including attached
peripherals such as Plug and Play printers. When the software "knows" the system
resources, it can use the unique features of each device, optimizing system
performance.

Hardware Design Guide for Microsoft Windows 95

The Windows 95 Operating System
Windows 95 is one of the most significant updates yet to the core Windows product
line. Windows 95 offers compatibility with existing applications while introducing
many easy-to-use features that increase productivity.
Plug and Play is one of the key ways in which Windows 95 enhances ease of use.
Windows 95 fully supports all of the configuration management, resource arbitration, and device enumeration functions defined in the Plug and Play specifications.
Windows 95 enumerates the PC system devices (by retrieving identification from
the devices), places the information in a system data structure called the hardware
tree, and determines the resources available on each of the devices. Windows 95
also examines the resources for all of the devices, configures the devices so they
don't conflict with one another, and loads the appropriate device drivers.
In essence, Windows 95 performs a dynamic configuration of the system using only
the resources and device drivers requested by the system devices. If the configuration of the system changes—for example, if a portable PC is plugged into a
docking station with a SCSI host adapter—Windows 95 reenumerates the system,
reconstructs the hardware tree and device resource information with the new capabilities of the SCSI host adapter, and loads the appropriate device driver for the new
device. Hardware designs that allow flexible allocation of all of the resources on
the PC enhance the dynamic nature of Windows 95.
Windows 95 maintains backward compatibility in a number of ways with older,
non–Plug and Play systems. Windows 95 can be used on an older PC that is not
Plug and Play enabled, and will attempt to identify the devices and resources that
are available. If a device driver is available for the older hardware, Windows 95
identifies the driver and loads it.
Windows 95 supports the changing hardware resources of docking mobile systems
by examining the system hardware and, often, automatically choosing the correet
configuration. For example, a multiconfiguration portable PC might have two states
called "docked" and "undocked." Undocked might mean, for example, no network
adapter or audio adapter. The Windows 95 detection routine calls the system BIOS,
determines the system configuration state, then selects the proper hardware profile
and loads the appropriate device drivers for the current system configuration. The
docking station can also change this state by generating dynamic docking and
undocking events.
Windows 95 also enables more cooperative behavior between applications. Each
time Windows 95 identifies a change in the system, it notifies applications—for
example, switch on battery power, establish fast network connection, or switch to
low-resolution display. With this capability, applications can make smart decisions
based on the new information, such as stop background reformatting, download all
new mail messages, use smaller fonts, or determine network identifier based on the
user's location and the available hardware.

Chapter 1 The PC 95

7

Windows 95 also supplies an increased amount of useful information about the PC
system configuration, for example, the identities and allocated resources of the
devices attached to the system.
The availability in Windows 95 of dynamic configuration, PCMCIA support, warm
docking or hot docking, and other new capabilities creates many opportunities for
new business products, better hardware, and new applications for the PC 95.
The PC 95 concept means increased ease of use and more flexible hardware
configuration for users. But Windows 95 is also designed to run well on almost
any PC-compatible system that runs Microsoft® Windows 3.1 in enhanced mode
and has a 386 or later microprocessor, at least 4 MB RAM, and a VGA display.
In fact, although this configuration represents the minimum PC capable of running
Windows 95, it will typically run the user's existing applications better than
Windows 3.1, and will be a good fit for users who are upgrading their existing
operating system. These systems will not, however, offer all the benefits available
with a Plug and Play—enabled system.
This guide defines an improved baseline PC, or reference system, for running
Windows 95. With a common baseline system, users can count on a minimum set of
features with any PC purchase, applications can begin to rely on these features, and
the industry as a whole will benefit.

The New Hardware Standards
The PC 95 concept sets a baseline minimum hardware standard for the next
generation of PCs. This standard includes hardware requirements for a variety of
different PC systems and peripherals. The resulting base system meets the
requirements of Plug and Play and is easy to use and configure.
This list is an overview of some of the requirements for a desktop PC 95. (It is not
a complete list.)
•
•
•
•
•

A Plug and Play system BIOS (version 1.0a or later)
A 386 or compatible architecture, minimum (for example, 386, 486, PentiumTM,
and so on)
4 MB RAM, minimum
Flat-frame buffer display, with at least 640 x 480 x 8 bits per pixel (bpp)
A dedicated mouse port or integrated pointing device
One serial and one parallel port, minimum

For more information about the requirements and recommendations for a desktop
PC 95, see Chapter 3, "The Desktop PC 95."