Cambridge University Press et al v. Patton et al

Filing 316

DEPOSITION of Mark P. Becker, Ph.D. taken on April 22, 2011 by Cambridge University Press, Oxford University Press, Inc., Sage Publications, Inc.. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit 1, # 2 Exhibit 2, # 3 Exhibit 3, # 4 Exhibit 4, # 5 Exhibit 5, # 6 Exhibit 6, # 7 Exhibit 7, # 8 Exhibit 8)(Rains, John)

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E X H I B I T 4 Case 08-cv-01425-ODE Document Filed 235-2 09/30110 of 19 Page rage %J1J%J on the Use of Copyrighted Works Education and Research in Policy As system devoted to providing and basic the highest and undergraduate quality research scholarly and graduate education creative endeavors to students and pursuing leading-edge intellectual System of Georgia is committed to respecting the rights of that the holders and complying with copyright law The University System of Georgia recognizes holders are balanced under federal copyright law art those rights nghts of copyright by limitations the right to make fair use of copyrighted materials and the right to perlbrm or display works In the copyright exclusive Including to resources course of face-to-face The in good University of bringing the University activities teaching System of Georgia informs of the citizenry inquiry the exercise System of Georgia facilitates compliance with copyright law and where appropriate full fair use rights and staff ni teaching research and service activities Specifically the by faculty University faith applied is and educates copyright holders students as set forth faculty in 17 and staff U.S.C about copyright 108 law including the application of the four the fair limited exclusive use factors in rights 17 U.S.C 107 and other copyright exceptions for faculty and staff to assist In determining copyright develops and makes available tools and resources status and ownership and determining work in fair use whether use of specific situation would be and therefore not an infringement under copyright law facilitates use of materials currently licensed by the University System of Georgia and provides information on licensing of third-party materials by the University System and Individuals identifies regarding 2009 contact Board of U$Q at Regents at Piscialmer 270 Washington U.S.A Street Content Source USG the University of copyright application S.W System and member institutIons who can counsel faculty and staff law the University Syjjem of Georgia Privacy Atlanta GA 30334 Copyright Appendix http//www.usg.edu/copyright/ Page Exhibit 4 - 1 6/12/2009 Case 108-cv-01425-ODE runty t..upyngnt IThU uencraiiy Lopyrtgrtt 235-2 Document Filed 09130110 of Page 19 UlL Lopyrigni Copyright Generally Most copyright copyrights The negotiating answers right the public useful and and for original works their works in words the lime limited of copies the perform to to work the and are based rights are rights to integral diverse sound in listed the balance materials range recordings computer law Also protectable or to Science of their and respective Sections copyright to 107 of exclusive watch it Government Works 122 through rights holders and of exclusive of chapter productive socially is rights the right the U.S to Act Copyright new and beneficial make fair fair use of works original all and creative works intellectual it Right with owners to Copyright law applies to nearly hear the Progress the exclusive the including and One of the exceptions to work Copyright law applies copyrighted it rights of copyright on the original uses of works copyright interests to promote Inventors exclusive limited the private publicly the exclusive exceptions and few fundamental with public publicly work the display wide always begin set of balances of the Constitution Authors to with authorship The law the exclusive owners works derivative distribute music almost will work reproduce These questions Discoveries prepare Limitations of perform law gives copyright Copyright other copyright intended is Arts by securing Writings many and distribute interest revolve around issues of copyright Unwersit System of Georgia works Related arise with respect to managing our questions existing and posting materials to Web servers libraries agreements developing digital law the creators provides copy to the at use of fair publication principles of copyright Copyright or and these to arise that questions new works in ownership chances are protectable programs are motion are published it is law Books journals copyright many other are within materials art photographs the reach of If and architecture you can see it read choreography law One important exception is works of the U.S are not subject to copyright by the U.S Government pictures protectable or created under websites and dance by copyright Works are protected automatically without copyright notice or registration These many different works are protected any tangible medium of expression clay or on the drive of your computer in In the under copyright if they are original words once you create an original work now receives instant and automatic today does not require Offic past The law provides some important benefits but you are the copyright owner even without these formalities work as it did in placing notice wo1ks other of copyright on the work or the http//www.usg.cdu/copyrighllsite/copyrightgenerally/ Exhibit 4 - 2 copyright that are fixed on paper in The law protection fix it with the U.$ copyright you do use the notice or register the registering if of authorship work and the work Appendix Page 6/12/2009 Case 108-cv-01425-ODE Lopyng.ht roitcy t.opyngnt Document Jenerally USC 235-2 of 09/30/10 of 19 Page o12 Page Copyright Copyright protection lasts for The basic term of works made Filed many decades for works created is for the ife of the author plus seventy today years In the case explained below the copyright lasts for the lesser of either 95 years from publication or of the work The rules for works created before 1978 are altogether different and foreign protection for hire 120 years from creation works often receive distinctive treatment Copyright ownership As rule the author general employment are an and employee employer Ownership University the is owner jnitial of System of your job of copyrights Georgia create is to and software other forms institutions is in the work you wrote the book or took the work as an employee acting within the scope of your the employer is the copyright owner If you that event the copyright the copyright owner If you created you are the work may be awork made for hire photograph In code of If the the copyright intellectual by the University governed in property that code created System of probably belongs by faculty staff to your or students Georgia Intellectual at Propeflv_ Policy For Further Information Full text qf Database the U.S Copyright of summary of copyright Research by Kenneth 02009 Board Conct of %JSG fundamentals Regen Washington U.S.A Street content Sourct USC Law for academic work can be found in copyright Jw and 3radu.ate crews of Disclaimer 270 Act Copyright International the University System of Qtrgia Privacy Atlanta GA 30334 Copyright http//www.usg.edu/copyrightisite/copyright generauy/ Exhibit 4 - 3 Appendix Page 6/I 2/2009 Case 108-cv-01425-ODE LupyngnL ne tan Use roitcy Document USCi Exception whether the to Georqa Copyriqt conclude each Moreover four factors to use the copyright holders permission The determination reasoned and balanced use depends upon making faclors are Section 107 of the U.S Copyright Act Those is in whether including used of the portion the market potential each in of the factors receive users member arise at such use ln relation for and case research and teaching commercial nature of is other or is for of the within laws application the University four factors of work courts to System to the While use fair the the law Working through and applying the by understanding many new needs and the outcome purpose alone does not make in order to users must analyze that apply but compelling of determine will and whole an educational activities may be solutions factor as work of the copyrighted no one such work the copyrighted to or value interpretation as and rules the Denefits institutions to subject is Simple important of work be evaluated to forth of the use upon should fair purposes substantiality the apply Policy without within and character of the use is only one The purpose whether or not the use is fair and therefore lawful fair factors is the copyrighted and of four factors intended use of amount the effect is character educational the nature the work use factors set fair and purpose nonprofit work copyrighted copyrighted of the four application All use of fair use of Page Use Exception Fair One may make of 19 Page Copyright Jniversty System The 09/30/10 Filed 235-2 continue that technologies Georgia Understanding the Four Factors The following brief is of the four explanation four factors weighing and balancing nonexciusive so other factors may be considered all Purpose and Character The Jaw explicitly in university are more This fact other education are not or and copies for pieces critical examines to different weighing highly work which uses over are such is likely to use commercial uses receive may mixed also favorable transformative way as to give transformed into work of analysis in the mind that four fair factors use requires are is fair into be given Activities treatment that are Courts use has been truly confined defined as use new expression meaning or message something new or of new utility such as it multimedia favorable product treatment for teaching The The statute to uses also favor use the that that Fair use quotations of works In also notes Work characteristics types of fair works are relevant uses of consumable whether determining Keep Additionally classroom use are permitted against creative in work the copyrighted critIcism in use statute fair conclusion mere reproductions work of the Copyrighted factor differently that original from the reaching Use educational nonprofit paper into of that multiple Nature when likely the context the or before of the nonprofit the changes or incorporated is of transformative adds to is favors support factors work being used Quite simply courts have tended to apply fair use the unpublished nature of work courts have concluded that example Courts more readily favor the fair use of nonfiction as opposed to fiction and works use of the For novels short stories poetry and modem art images Only those portions of be used Instructors should review purpose favoring fair use should carefully such as test forms and workbook pages that are meant to be used and including to materials ttttp//www.usg.edulcopyrightlsitelthe air use exccptionl Exhibit 4 - 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6 ist 6/12/2009 Case 108-cv-01425-ODE Document Use Fair 235-2 or of 19 Page Checklist Name_________________________________ Class Filed 09/30/10 Date Project Course and Term and Publisher Author Portions to is against any the at of the Office use only fair the use fair those facts should Instructors the Board of Regents if use outnumber those against factors favor of in whether Check fair of weighing deciding in situation determinative or facts total use fair given counts Where the rights holder from permission timer pages Where the factors favoring Where fewer than half the justified consider e.g be used InstTuctlons use Work of Copyrighted Title factors fair use apply consult split to total to the use your No Legal Affairs they have questions facts will regarding fair seek should weighing be present in item or factor single office on reliance instructors the Not aB of the facts justified that it should instructors are evenly use as opposed fair is favor at is their institution analysis of the four factors For more Policy of information regarding on the Use which Georgia Complete and of Copyrighted can be found retain reasonable establish the fair Works on the Weighs Teaching in Favor of Fair Use including copies use classroom Criticism Comment News new utility Personal or For public changes work purpose educational Weighs distribution Use exceeds necessary Study to in activity from use Profiting educational necessary intended Factor use Fair Use For publication Parody Transformative Weighs Against Non-transformative Scholarship or Use Entertainment or Reporting of the Commercial multiple Research is http/twww.usg.edu/copyright/ Purpose and Character Nonprofit Educational Use at the System work in order for each fair use of copyrighted copy of this checklist and good faith attempt at applying fair use should any dispute Factor for web of such use arise regarding for use factors please see the fair use sections in Education and Research for the University achieve to that which achieve is your intended purpose your purpose Favor of Fair Use Factor Weighs Against Appendix Exhibit 4 - 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13 Appendix Page 13 6/12/2009 Case 108-cv-01425-ODE t%UUttSUil8l tWSourCCS Identifying source first Copyright United States the copyright Corporation Copyright 235-2 Owner UStJ owner For information Office is about is searching of 19 age of Coprciit Pohcy Owner the copyright source Page 14 Copyright Gcorc Another important 09/30/10 Filed the Copyright for identifying 02005 XYZ Copyright rit Hyern Jr The the tutnurying Document notice the on the registration work which of the claim often looks of copyright like this with the records see registration httpllwww.copyr$ghlgovlrecordsl However the law publisher Sample 02009 contact or does not require Sometimes the copyright benefactor ptqjftssion Goasxf USG copyright notice or registration you simply need to contact and ask about the copyright and the associated any person and ownership original with the may have transferred work such as the author owner status letters of Regents.pfjhe Unjversity Disclaimer Privacy 270 WashIngton U.S.A Street Content Source USG Atlanta GA System of Georga 30334 Copyright Appendix Page http//www.usg.edu/copyright/additionaI resources/identifying Exhibit 4 - 14 the copyrightowner 1/ 14 6/12/2009 Case 108-cv-01425-ODE Document uau icensing ngcrwies LUliCCttVC Filed 235-2 09/30/10 Page 15 of 19 rage upyngrit ut Collective Licensing Agencies Collective These industries owner copyright or by for their type of can expedite centers the copyright negotiating your to centralize search itself usage ownership information copyright efther for their in with touch you directly do charge most of these agencies by putting However fee services Select meant are organizations agencies licensing respective work below Works view to on censing information for that agencies industry Print Onliqe Works Works Works Musical Mul Performance Rights Mechanical Rights Oramatic Works Graphic and Sculptural Works Motion Pictures and other Audio-Visual Works Software Pictoral Syndicated Comics1 Religious Works Works and Cartoons Editorials in Print Copyright clearance center be your starting The CCC should can permission grant The Autflqrs The Aces point thousands of you are looking if many works of Uterary rights The organizations Guild and Dramatists works under Canadian Authors Ucenilny and Authors The Association sources starting have point contact information However grant permission iCopyright Focused on copyrights Musical work The CCC of Guild The Amencan Society of Journalists Authors Representatives Collecting if this Copyright Clearance Center The CCC should be your starting can text-based the ALCS represents writers of all genres from text Works Most online best for online copyright Society The largest licensing agency in the United Kingdom book authors to poets and radio dramatists your get permission Copyrig.ht Licenses Online to instantly Registry collaboration Authors for for point thousands of digital Directly information and Works Performance of is contacting not helpful the try owner these or administrator you are looking to get permission online works many instantly If online of the site is usually agencies for text-based work The CCC content Rights Appendix Page http//www.usg.edu/copyrightladditionai jesources/colkctivejicensing_agencies Exhibit 4 - 15 15 6/12/2009 Case 108-cv-01425-ODE LJuctuve L%CUULGCS$ Performance concert are rights agencies licensing ASCAP 09/30/10 Filed 235-2 U-j icensing egeneies Page 16 an of Arnricaifiociety of association from everything music Together Compoers composers Authors these three PublIshers and lyricists songwriters ut rags with public artists of 19 LAipyflgflt of copyrighted music performance retail space on overhead speakers in the vast majority of published American music associated playing encompass Membership SM uses all to performances Document musical publishers Broadcast Music Inc Performance works and media licensing center sgspc One of the fastest Angeles and Musical Works Mechanical Rights artists as license mechanical by law and set Mechanical Once ringtone with organizations offices in New Nashvtlle Los York Rights associated Other song 115 to pursuant with reproducing as the of copyrighted derivatives work such would be reproducing the work as part recorded anyone may obtain commercially examples has been composition known is rights Atlanta are those of another cover performance growing London of the United States Copyright Act The royalty fee as recording album collection of or compulsory for using the material is statutory rate Harry Fox Agtnsy Works Dramatic Dramatic works without or in smaller portions may not be publicly performed permission either in their entirety such as excerpts acts scenes monologues etc The rights that are needed to publicly dramatic work perform that combines musical work together with staging etc are dialogue costuming special lighting choreography referred to as grand obtained from the creator of the work performing rights Grand performing are typically rights or their The publisher to rights referred ASCAP may play intended make use not to represent of piece perform publicly single of piece music from as small performing rights Small performing SMI and SESAC To quality as non-dramatic to music performing of any form of staging any from part musical of the onginal play musical rights play the use disqualifies play as For if example the use of any of these your own dance creating use and non-dramatic are often from organizations such as from musical of music taken obtained piece etc even fashion non-dramatic in typically performance choreography musical are for permission elements the is not to steps grand must be sought rights Dramatists MTIIMUical Playjervice lr Theatre International Rqdgcn Hammcrtelp Qrganjzatipn TamsWitmark Music Library4 Inc Qmattc Publishing Samuel Frsn Bakers Plays Pioneer Drama BPPI Broadway Pictoral Graphic Many that contact Instead specializes List of in Publishlngjpcj and Sculptural Works license organizations industry Play the use of the publisher the dissemination stock of still images Unfortunately of the picture free stock or in there is the alternative not real seek out collective agency royalty-free for this organization photography po.tqsgcncJ pppendix Page http//www.usg.cdu/copyright/additionaljesources/collectivejiccnsing_agencies Exhibit 4 - 16 Il 16 6/12/2009 Case 108-cv-01425-ODE icesources ttUultIUItdi collective Document Ltcensing USU Agencies- 09/30/10 Filed 235-2 Page 17 of 19 Page Copyright of Motion Pictures and other Audio-Visual Works Start your search of the licensing agencies Picture MotIon Licensing Picture Qdterion Licenses non-theatrical Ucenses provides Swan MoylQaabase with the Internet Credits Some for who owns identify the film listed under the Company Corporation performances of feature public the to are entertainment films in Canada CriterionUSA US Pictures Inc k..MQtlon Pcino Jnterqational Source world for cinema independent films classics and documentaries Software must be secured Permission Nearly software all CNeI CNET to reproduce disbibute may be pubhshers has comprehensive download its through contacted reviews their of software It also acts as make or hornepage derivative works of software on the Internet hub frr the dissemination of free software section Comics Cartoons and Syndicated perform display through Editorials Creators EToon Kingfeatures Syndicate Trbune Syndicate Mdla Comics.Pag Comcjp United Feature Syndicate Press $y4late Unversaj QflgonBank CartoonStosk Religious Works Christian Revised for Copyright International CopyriqhL3ccnsIng use by the University Advisoy Office at System Columbia of Georgia based upon University the fair use resources provided by the hnp/1www.copyrjgjjtgJurnjeducollective-licensng agencies @2009 Board of ConjaflUSG ftegeptqf1Jte Discaiiyter 270 Washington U.S.A Street Content Source USG S.W Unlver$ty Systrn of Gegj Privacy Atlanta GA 30334 Copyright Appendix Page ltttp/f www.usg.edu/copyright/additionaI jesources/collectivejiccnsing_agencies Exhibit 4 - 17 17 6/12/2009 Case nuuLtzutldl 08-cv-01425-ODE rviuureesp tirpnan Document USU Works 235-2 Filed 09/30/10 Page 18 of 19 Page Copyright Or Orphan Works situation is common You want to use work beyond the limits of fair use or other copyright copyrighted but the effort down to seek permission exception You tracked likely copyright owner and have attempted no conclusion simply has produced Worse perhaps you did receive permission but with burdensome conditIons denied or high price Perhaps you wrote for permission and the permission was flatly The have little choice but to absorb the bad news and change your plans Much more is when copyright however you exert an honest effort but you simply cannot find When you cannot identify or locate the current owner the copyright owner or your efforts go unanswered what do you do when you reach that materials are sometimes called orphan works In the meantime In some complex situations and you might frustrating dead end mysterious Return to fair the of quest use When fair market for you originally evaluated use you may have focused on an assumption about the potential the work in question and the possible harm to that market caused by your use of the work If you discover that market for this work you should the fourth factor in the fair use analysis there is truly no permissions reevaluate You may find that this factor now weighs in favor of fair use For more Information visit the fair use pages of the USO Copyright Replace If you public the materials dead reach materials Policy that domain works with alternative end will satisfy ask yourself you should your goals and available for whether many cases In use without those you can copyright specific achieve restriction copyrighted your desired or from other end copyright works are the only results with works in the owners use of the copyrighted works your planned Internet access and Your ambitious plans may have involved scanning digitizing uploading dissemination for students and colleagues causing the copyright owner to deny permission for such broad multiple copies uses changing your ambitious plans to something more modest and controllable may either change the Alter copyright scope of holders mind or increase or access for potential the rapid likelihood digital that in the number of copies you are within fair use Reigning and dissemination may lip the balance in favor of fair duplication use Revised Copyright for use by the University System of Georgia based upon the fair use resources pmvided by the Office at Columbia University httpItwww.copyrlgJf.golupbLtedu/orphafl-WOrkS Advisory 02009 Board Contact of USQ Regards of Disclaimer 270 Washington U.S.A Street Content Source USG the University System of GeorgIa Privacy Atlanta GA 30334 Copyright httpJ/www.usg.edu/copyrightladdirionat resources/orphan works/ Exhibit 4 - 18 Appendix Page 18 6/12/2009 Case 108-cv-01425-ODE rkL%ssauaLa ssuw.C3 LCmLK1 met ntversiy TEACH For more information Board Contact of USG uau Sy 235-2 Filed 09/30/10 Page 19 of 19 5- LopycIgLIL stern Gcorqia of Coprc3h Pokoy Act requirements regarding Georgias Guide to the 2009 Document Regents.Qf Disclaimer 270 Washington U.S.A Street Content Source USG of the TEACH Act please visit the University System of TEACH Act the University System of 3eorgia Privacy Atlanta GA 30334 copyright http//www.usg.edu/copyrightJadditionaIresources/teachact/ Exhibit 4 - 19 Appendix Page 19 6112/2009

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