Apple Inc. v. Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd. et al

Filing 847

Administrative Motion to File Under Seal Samsung's Opposition to Apple's Motion for Partial Summary Judgment filed by Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd.. (Attachments: #1 Trac Declaration in Support of Motion to File Under Seal, #2 Samsung's Opposition to Apple's Motion for Partial Summary Judgment, #3 Hecht Declaration in Support of Opposition to Motion for Partial Summary Judgment, #4 Ex A, #5 Ex B1, #6 Ex B2, #7 Ex C1, #8 Ex C2, #9 Ex D, #10 Ex E, #11 Ex F1, #12 Ex F2, #13 Ex F3, #14 Ex F4, #15 Ex G, #16 Ex H, #17 Ex I, #18 Ex J1, #19 Ex J2, #20 Ex J3, #21 Ex J4, #22 Ex J5, #23 Ex J6, #24 Ex J7, #25 Ex J8, #26 Ex J9, #27 Ex J10, #28 Ex J11, #29 Ex K1, #30 Ex K2, #31 Ex K3, #32 Ex L, #33 Ex M, #34 Ex N, #35 Ex O1, #36 Ex O2, #37 Ex P1, #38 Ex P2, #39 Ex Q1, #40 Ex Q2, #41 Ex Q3, #42 Ex Q4, #43 Ex Q5, #44 Ex Q6, #45 Ex Q7, #46 Ex R, #47 Ex S1, #48 Ex S2, #49 Rosenbrock Declaration in Support of Opposition to Motion for Partial Summary Judgment, #50 Ex 1, #51 Ex 2, #52 Ex 3, #53 Ex 4, #54 Ex 5, #55 Ex 6, #56 Ex 7, #57 Ex 8, #58 Ex 9, #59 Ex 10, #60 Ex 11, #61 Ex 12, #62 Ex 13, #63 Ex 14, #64 Ex 15, #65 Ex 16, #66 Ex 17, #67 Ex 18, #68 Proposed Order Denying Apple's Motion for Summary Judgment, #69 Proposed Order Granting Samsung's Administrative Motion to File Under Seal)(Maroulis, Victoria) (Filed on 4/2/2012) Modified on 4/3/2012 Attachment #1 Trac Declaration placed under seal. Posting of attachments #16, 18, 19, 20 through 33, 37, 38, 47 and 48 are NOT in compliance with General Order 62 (dhm, COURT STAFF).

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EXHIBIT 4 TOWARDS A DYNAMIC EUROPEAN ECONOMY SOMMARYREPORT concerning the GREEN PAPER ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMMON MARKET FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICES AND EQUIPMENT (Communication from the Commission) Confidential Business Information, Subject to Protective Order S-ITC-003390347 TABLE OF CONTENTS Io II. ACHIEVEMENTS OF COMMUNITY TELECOMMUNICATIONS POLICY 4 TO DATE ..................................................... III CURRENT ADJUSTMENT OF INSTITUTIONAL AND REGULATORY CONDITIONS ....................................... 7 IV CONVERGENT TRENDS IN THE CURRENT DEBATE IN THE COMMUNITY ON STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT IN i0 TELECOMMUNICATIONS ......................................... V POINTS TO BE CONSIDERED FOR A COMMON APPROACH .............. VI PROPOSED COMMUNITY POSITIONS ............................... VII LINES OF ACTION TO HELP IMPLEMENTATION OF THESE POSITIONS ......................................... 19 Confidential Business Information, Subject to Protective Order 12 16 S-ITC-003390348 I. INTRODUCTION The strengthening of European telecommunications has become one of the major conditions for promotin9 a harmonious development of economic activities and a competitive market throughout the Community and for achieving the completion of the Community-wide market for goods and services by 1992. The current wave of technical innovation resulting from the convergence of telecommunications and computer technology has now led to reviews in all Member States, and elsewhere, of the future organisation of the telecommunications sector and its necessary regulatory adjustment. The Commission considers it timely to aim atachieving maximum synergy between current developments and debates in the Member States, drawing fully on the potential offered by them to meet the objectives of the Treaty. This report is intended to launch a debate and to attract comment from a broad spectrum of opinion : the Council ; the European Parliament and the Economic and Social Committee ; the Telecommunications Administrations and Recognized Private Operating Agencies, hereinafter referred to as the "Telecommunications Administrations" ; the European telecommunications, data processing and services industry ; the users who must be the main beneficiaries of the new opportunities ; and the trade unions and other organisations who represent the social interests in this area. Ensuring that the varying national situations are fully taken into account in a European approach requires a wide-ranging debate over the whole of the Community. Confidential Business Information, Subject to Protective Order S-ITC-003390349 3 The Paper advances proposals for common positions and lines of action, in order to ease the current transition. The overriding aim is to develop the conditions for the market to provide European users with a 9reater variety of telecommunications services, of better quality and at lower cost, affording Europe the full internal and external benefits of a strong telecommunications sector. Confidential Business Information, Subject to Protective Order S-ITC-003390350 4 II° ACHIEVEMENTS OF COMMUNITY TELECOMMUNICATIONS POLICY TO DATE A technically advanced, Europe-wide and low-cost telecommunications network will provide an essential infrastructure for improving the competitiveness of the European economy, achieving the Internal Market and strengthening Community cohesion - which constitute priority Community goals reaffirmed in the Single European Act° Telecommunications have a great influence not only on services in general, such as financial services, transport and tourism, but also on trade in goods and on European industrial co-operationo The emerging new telecommunications services - and notably so-called value-added and information services - will have a major impact on the future tradeability of services in general and on the location of economic activities. By the end of the century up to seven per cent of the Gross Domestic Product of the Community will result from telecommunications, as against over two per cent today. The combined world equipment and services market for telecommunications and information technology already represents more than ECU 500 billion. It is estimated that, via information technology, more than 60% of community employment may depend on telecommunications by the end of the century° Confidential Business Information, Subject to Protective Order S-ITC-003390351 5 Since 1984, the Community has made substantial progress in this field, by implementing a policy aimed at : promoting the creation of an advanced European telecommunications infrastructure ; contributing to the creation of a Community-wide market for services and equipment ; contributing to the competitiveness of European industry and service providers° In following these objectives, the Commission hasr within the last two years, made proposals and achieved ~apid agreement by Counci! along five main lines : co-ordination regarding future development of telecommunications in the Community and common infrastructure projects° This concerns in particular the principal future stages of network development - the Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN), digital mobile communications, and the introduction of future broadband communications ; creation of a Community-wide market for terminals and equipment° This concerns in particular the promotion of Europe-wide open standards, in order to give equal opportunity to all market participants ; the launch of a programme of pre-competitive and "prenormative" R&D covering the technologies required for integrated broadband communications (the RACE programme) ; Confidential Business Information, Subject to Protective Order S-ITC-003390352 6 promoting the introduction and development of advanced services and networks in the less-favoured peripheral regions of the Community ; building up common European positions with regard to international discussions in this area. During 1986 alone, Council achieved agreement, on proposal by the Commission, on six major measures which will become fully effective during 1987. ~ gives an overview of decisions taken and of proposals currently before Council. In parallel, the Commission has taken up a number of cases, related to the opening of telecommunications markets, under the Treaty’s competition rules. Confidential Business Information, Subject to Protective Order S-ITC-003390353 Figure I COUNCIL DECISIONS TAKEN IN THE FIELD OFTELECOMMUNICATIONS SINCE 1984 COUNCIL RECOMMENDATION OF 12 NOVEMBER 1984 concerning the implementation of a common approach in the field of telecommunications (84/549/EEC) COUNCIL RECOMMENDATION OF 12 NOVEMBER 1984 concerning the first phase of opening up.access to public telecommunications contracts (84/550/EEC) COUNCIL DECISION OF 25 JULY 1985 on a definition phase for an R&D programme in advanced communications technologies for Europe (RACE) (85/372/EEC) COUNCIL RESOLUTION OF 9 JUNE 1986 on the use of videoconference and videophone techniques for intergovernmental applications (86/C 160/01) COUNCIL DIRECTIVE OF 24 JULY 1986 on the initial stage of the mutual recognition of type approval for telecommunications terminal equipment (86/361/EEC) COUNCIL REGULATION OF 27 OCTOBER 1986 instituting a Community programme for the development of certain less-favoured regions of the Community by improving access to advanced telecommunications services (STAR programme) (86/3300/EEC) COUNCIL DIRECTIVE OF 3 NOVEMBER 1986 on the adoption of common technical specifications of the MAC/packet family of standards for direct satellite television broadcasting (86/529/EEC) COUNCIL DECISION OF 22 DECEMBER 1986 on standardisation in the field of information technology and telecommunications (87/95/EEC) COUNCIL RECOMMENDATION OF 22 DECEMBER 1986 on the co-ordinated introduction of the Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)in the European Community (86/659/EEC) Confidential Business Information, Subject to Protective Order S-ITC-003390354 7 III CURRENT ADJUSTMENT OF INSTITUTIONAL AND REGULATORY CONDITIONS To complement the progress achieved to date, it now seems timely to initiate a common thinking process regarding the fundamental adjustment of the institutional and regulatory conditions which the telecommunications sector now faces. This world-wide transformation is due to the profound technical change which is currently taking place : the progressive merger of telecommunications andcomputing technology, and the growing integration of spoken, written and audio-visual communication.. Telecommunications has taken 140 years to develop from a single service to a dozen services in the early eighties. The new technological capabilities will now lead to considerable growth and multiplication of services and applications within a single decade. [Fig. 2] Mastering this transformation requires certain readjustments in the organisation of the sector in all Member States. The form of these adjustments must take into account the particular position of European countries and the requirements of the establishment of a unified market. As set out in this Green Paper, the Community must make sure that : the necessary European scale and dimension are introduced into the current phase of transformation ; no new barriers are created within the Community during the adjustment of regulatory conditions ; Confidential Business Information, Subject to Protective Order S-ITC-003390355 r igure i ................. PROPOSALS CURRENTLY BEFORE COUNCIL PROPOSAL FOR A COUNCIL REGULATION OF 29 OCTOBER 1986 on a Community action in the field of telecommunications technologies (RACE) PROPOSAL FOR A COUNCIL REGULATION OF 1 DECEMBER 1986 introducing the preparatory phase of a Community programme on trade electronic data interchange systems (TEDIS) PROPOSAL FOR A COUNCIL RECOMMENDATION OF 9 FEBRUARY 1987 on the co-ordinated introduction of public pan-European digital mobile communications in the European Community and PROPOSAL FOR A COUNCIL DIRECTIVE on the frequency bands to be made available for the co-ordinated introduction of public pan-European digital mobile communications in the European Community (*). (*) approved by Council on llth June 1987 Confidential Business Information, Subject to Protective Order S-ITC-003390356 rn u. I-I1 (1) H" o O. i-I" i-I" 0 F,. TELECOMMUNICATIONS: PROSPECTS FOR THE YEAR 2000 11 Telegraphy Telex Broadband data Telegraphy/ J Packet-swilched data ~aralohv ~."~T~,~ Circull-switched dala Telemelry f ’~Telex Packet-switched Teletex TelegraphY~...~Telex ...~ ~ Text facsimile o I~ $ rn 0 F,. F,. $I) ,~ rn $ j rn 0H Tele~~x~"~~ data Fao~S’umr Ilaecsimile Electronlc Mail $0 ap ~~~~elegr h~:h~o -~_~u s it I.J. o iT ~ y Telephony Hlfi telephony Telephony Telephony Teleohonv ...... it" W ~ha~°d T~lce;c~=paper Speecl~ facsimile Telephony Telephone-conference Videoconference Videotelephony Stereo hifi sound Quadrophony Colour t~l~vi~l~n’~"-"--’"---~ S!ere0 n,-’ " Colour television _ nlri sou a n Stereo tele.v, islo High-definitlon television Mobile vldeotelepho ny Mobile telephony Facsimile Mop’!ofacsimile text . MObile ! , I I I I 1847 Fig. 2 -Mobiledata " Mobile videotex Paging 1877 1920 1930 1980 1975 Source: Consortium Brillsh TelconsulllConsultellDeteconlNeposlellSofrecom el ol, 1984 2 000 existing barriers are removed in the course of this adjustment. The search for common positions in the complex field of future regulation of the telecommunications sector must take into account a number of major requirements, if it is to contribute to strengthening the European economy : firstly, differing regulatory traditions in the sector. Careful analysis of current reviews and debates in the Member States must identify those areas on which common positions can be reached° It is on those areas that efforts towards developing consensus should be concentrated, in order to increase convergence over time in the Community ; secondly, opportunities and obligations deriving from the Treaty, in particular regarding : the free movement of goods ; the freedom to provide services ; competition rules ; the common commercial policy ; thirdly, the external relations of the Community, in particular regarding its major trading partners - the EFTA countries, the United States and Japan, the Third World. The opportunities and obligations deriving for the Community from the GATT agreement and the new GATT round must be taken into account. The impact on the Community’s industrial and trading position must be kept clearly in mind ; Confidential Business Information, Subject to Protective Order S-ITC-003390358 9 fourthly, the evolution of social perceptions in the Member States regarding the new technologies. This concerns the social consequences of the new technologies and associated regulatory policies, the conditions for the integration of these technologies into both private and work life, and measures to facilitate the transition by generating new employment opportunities and protecting legitimate interests. The convergence of telecommunications, data processing and audio-visual technologies is outdating traditional boundary lines between the telecommunications network and the terminals sector, and between services traditionally provided under monopoly and those provided in a competitive environment. Satellites are now able to provide services within andbetween countries, at a world level. There are now many service functions and features that can be performed either by the public network or by a private network or the terminal equipment attached to the network. All countries are confronted by two options : either to try to maintain the current regulatory framework, which would imply imposing additional and permanent restrictions and regulations on the use of data processing equipment connected to the network ; or to define the telecommunications regulatory framework more narrowly and to give more room for competition. The worldwide trend points towards the latter. Confidential Business Information, Subject to Protective Order S-ITC-003390359 I0 IV CONVERGENT TRENDS IN THE CURRENT DEBATE IN THE COMMUNITY ON STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS In the Community, the situation is in flux. The United Kingdom has substantially modified the organisation of its telecommunications sector and issued recently a new general licence for value-added and data services. France has seen sqbstantial changes of legislation in the telecommunications audio-visual field and will introduce major new proposals for its future telecommunications policy in 1987. Reviews or changes are underway in Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, Italy, Spain, Portugal, and other Member States. For its part, the European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations (CEPT) is reviewing its organisation, in response to, and in close interaction with, the development of Community telecommunications policy, and in close co-operation with the Commission. Analysis of the regulatory situation and of current trends of adjustment in the Member States shows that there are convergent trends in current thinking. There is therefore the 9enuine possibility of finding agreement for broad common regulatory aims for the telecommunications sector in the Community. There seems to be agreement on the following basic orientations : New services and terminal equipment require market conditions which favour innovation, experimentation, and a high degree of flexibility. Confidential Business Information, Subject to Protective Order S-ITC-003390360 II the current and future integrity of the basic network infrastructure must be maintained or created. This implies in particular a continuing strong role for Telecommunications Administrations in the provision of network infrastructure, and strong emphasis on Europe-wide standards in this area. It also implies safeguarding the financial viability of Telecommunications Administrations in order to ensure the build-up of the new generations of telecommunications infrastructure and the necessary level of investment. securing a wide range of choice for the consumer requires that Telecommunications Administrations be able to provide, alongside other suppliers, those services which are opened to competition even if this may involve complex problems of regulation. employment growth requires a growth-oriented policy, particularly in the future conglomerate sector of telecommunications / information technologies within which jobs will shift from traditional activities to new opportunities. An intense dialogue with the social partners will be necessary, in order to ensure a smooth transition. Confidential Business Information, Subject to Protective Order S-ITC-003390361 12 V POINTS TO BE CONSIDERED FOR A COMMON APPROACH The following points to be considered for a solution are discussed iD more detail in the Green Paper : Given their importance and wide ramifications, regulatory changes in telecommunications can only be introduced progressively. Time must be allowed for present structures, which have grown up historically over a long period, to adjust to the new environment. The major objective must be the completion of the Internal Market by 1992. Regulatory changes in telecommunications must take account of the views of all parties concerned, in particular private and business users, Telecommunications Administrations, the Administrations’ work force, competing enterprises and the telecommunications and data-processing industry ; There is consensus in the Community that telecommunications services and terminal must be substantially expanded, in order technological, economic and world market competition in the equipment sectors to react to trends ; There is also consensus that the role of the Telecommunications Administrations in the provision of network infrastructure must be essentially safeguarded, in order to allow them to fulfil their public service mandate ; A stable "natural" boundary line between a "reserved services" sector and a "competitive services" sector (including in particular "value-added services") is not possible. Due to technological development - the trend towards integration any definition (and reservation) of a service can only be Confidential Business Information, Subject to Protective Order S-ITC-003390362 13 temporary and must be subject to review if it is not to impede the overall development of telecommunications services. There is however in practice consensus between the Member States that voice telephone service is a basic service. Currently, this service is reserved in all Member States for provision by the Telecommunications Administrations. At present, this service corresponds to 85% - 90% of telecommunications revenues. As one counterpart of a more open market environment, the time it takes for the establishment and common application of international standards must be substantially reduced, in order to maintain future network integrity and to promote the availability and interoperability of efficient Europe-wide and worldwide services. Telecommunications Adminstrations generally are - and should be - allowed to participate in the newly emerging competitive services and terminal equipment market. This requires that in the future regulatory responsibility must be separated from operational responsibility. Regulation concerns in particular licensing, control of conformity testing and obligatory interface specifications, frequency administration, and general surveillance including tariff principles Entry of the Telecommunications Administrations but also of the computer and data-processing multi-nationa! companies into a competitive telecommunications sector implies the danger of abuse of a dominant position. Control measures with regard to both types of dominant market participants will have to be strengthened ; Confidential Business Information, Subject to Protective Order S-ITC-003390363 14 Action at Community level must be taken towards narrowing the differences between Member States regarding the provision of network facilities to the newly emerging competitive services and terminal equipment sector. Otherwise a Community market for services will not develop rapidly. This has implications both for technical regulations and network termination points and for usage conditions and tariff principles The long-term convergence of telecommunications with audio-visual technologies must be taken into account, in addition to the current convergence between the telecommunications and data-processing sectors. This affects in particular policies concerned with satellite communications and cable-TV networks. Where cable-TV network infrastructure and satellite communications are also used for two-way communications, close surveillance with regard to their relationship and interfacing with the overall telecommunications network will be needed, in order to ensure the long-term overall integrity of the telecommunications infrastructure° Two-way satellite communications and the regulation of up-links will need case-by-case consideration. Closely monitored competition should be a possibility in those cases where unacceptable interference with other satellite or radio communications systems is not to be expected and where the revenue base and financial viability of the general network infrastructure provider is not put into question. In the case of very small satellite antennae (VSAT or "microterminals") suitable for data exchange only, this situation should normally be assumed automatically° Confidential Business Information, Subject to Protective Order S-ITC-003390364 15 Given the trend in satellite communications towards point to multi-point ,broadcasting’ applications for closed user groups, the regulatory regime for receive only earth stations (ROES) for satellite communications should be assimilated to the regime for telecommunications terminals and TV receive-only satellite antennae and fully opened to competition. With the growing importance of services, the Community will face in its external relations a growing number of telecommunications-related issues. Consensus must be achieved in time for the preparation of the new GATT round which will include telecommunications services. Consensus must be further developed at Community level regarding telecommunications issues and the Community’s overall framework of external relations, in particular with the EFTA countries and CEPT, with the United States and Japan and with the international organisations in this field, such as the International Telecommunications Union (ITU). Confidential Business Information, Subject to Protective Order S-ITC-003390365 16 VI PROPOSED COMMUNITY POSITIONS With these points in mind, in the Green Paper proposals for positions are developed, which are set out in Fig. 3. The proposals concentrate on those issues which must be resolved at Community level for all Member States. They leave out questions which are important but fall to the national level, such as which status for Telecommunications Administrations is best suited to facing the developing competitive market environment, and related questions of finance, organisation, and employment relations. The proposals foresee the continuation of those aspects of the current regimes where there is compatibility with the Treaty. Within the framework of the current adjustment and according to their economic appreciation and perception, Member States may, of course, choose their own position with regard to these aspects, such as a more liberal regime regarding the whole or parts of the network infrastructure. As regards required change at the Community level, the proposals in ...... insist on three essential modifications : PHASED COMPLETE OPENING OF THE TERMINAL EQUIPMENT MARKET TO COMPETITION In the long run this must include all terminals including the subscriber’s first telephone set, given the trend towards integration of functions and the Integrated Services Digital Network. Confidential Business Information, Subject to Protective Order S-ITC-003390366 I t I I PROPOSED POSITIONS ! The general objective of the positions set out is the development in the Community of a strong telecommunications infrastructure and of efficient services : ’ providing the European user with a broad variety of telecommunications services on the most favourable terms, ensuring coherence of development between Member States, and creating an open competitive environment, taking full account of the dynamic technological developments underway. A) i ! 1 i t Acceptance of continued exclusive provision or special rights for the Telecommunications Administrations regarding provision and operation of the network infrastructure. Where a Member State chooses a more liberal regime, either for the whole or parts of the network, the short and lone term integrity of the general network infrastructure should be safeguarded. Closely monitored competitive offering of two-way satellite communications systems will need further analysis. It should be allowed on a case-by-case basis, where this is necessary to develop Europe-wide services and where impact on the financial viability of the main provider(a) is not substantial . i Common understanding and definition regarding infrastructure provision should be worked out under E) below. s) Acceptance of continued exclusive provision or special rights for the Telecommunications Administrations regarding provision of a limited number of basic services, where exclusive provision is considered essential at this stage for safeguarding public service goals. Exclusive provision must be narrowly construed and be subject to review within given time intervals, taking account of technological development and particularly the evolutio~ towards a digital infrastructure. "Reserved services" may not be defined so as to extend a Telecommunications Administration service monopoly in a way inconsistent with the Treaty. Currently, given general understanding in the Community, voice telephone service seems to be the only obvious candidate. c) Free (unrestricted) provision of all other services ("competitive services", including in particular "value-added services") within Member States and between Member States (in competition with the Telecommunications Administrations) for own use, shared use, or provision to third parties, subject to the conditions for use of the network infrastructure to be defined under E). "Competitive services" would comprise all services except basic services explicitly reserved for the Telecomnmhications Administrations (see B). Confidential Business Information, Subject to Protective Order S-ITC-003390367 [iK±_3_!£pnt’ed) D) ................. regarding standards for the network infrastructure and services provided by the Telecommunications Administrations or service providers of comparable importance, in order to maintain or create Community-wide interoperability. These requirements must build in parEicular on Directives 83/18g/EEC and 86/361/EEC, Decision 87/95/EEC and Recommendation 86/659/EEC. Member States and the Comity should ensure and promote provision by the Teleco~mmications Administrations of efficient Europe-~de and worldwide communications, in particular regarding those services (be they reserved or competitive) recommended for Co~mmity-~de provision, such as according to Recommendation 85/659/EEC. E) Clear definition by Community Directive of general requirements imposed by Telecommunications Administrations on providers of competitive services for use of the network, including definitions regarding network infrastructure provision. z This must include clear interconnect and access obligations by Teleco~mmications Administrations for trans-frontier service providers in order to prevent Treaty infringements. Consensus must be achieved on standards, frequencies, and tariff principles, in order to agree on the general conditions imposed £or service provision on the competitive sector. Details of this Directive on Open Network Provision (0 N P) should be prepared in consultation ~th the Member States, the Telecommunications Administrations and the other parties concerned, in the framework of the Senior Officials Croup on Telecommunications (SOG-T). F) Free (unrestricted) provision of terminal equipment within Member States and between Member States (in competition with Teleco~nunications Adnfinistrations), subject to type approval as compatible with Treaty obligations and existing Directives. Provision of the first (conventional) telephone set c~ld be excluded fr~unrastricted provision on R temporary basis. Receive Only Earth Stations (ROES) for satellite doen-links should be assimilated with terminal equipment and be subject to type approval only ; 4) Separation of regulatory and operational activities of Teleco~nuntcations Administrations. Regulatory activities concern in particular licensing, control of type approval and interface specifications, allocation of frequencies, and general surveillance of network usage conditions ; Confidential Business Information, Subject to Protective Order S-ITC-003390368 FiK. .) 3 (cont’ed) Strict continuous review of operational (commercial) activities of Telecommunications Adainistrations according to Articles 85, 86 and 90, EEC Treaty. This applies in particular to practices of cross-subsldisation of activities in the competitive services sector and of activities in manufacturing ; I) Strict continuous review of all private providers in the newly opened sectors according to Articles 85 and 86, in order to avoid the abuse of dominant positions ; J) Full application of the Community’s common commercial policy to telecomaunicatious- Notification by Telecommunications Administrations under Regulation 17/62 of all arrangements between them or with Third Countries which may affect competition within the Community° Provision of information to the extent required for the Community, in order to build up a consistent Community position for CATT negotiations and relations with Third Countries. Confidential Business Information, Subject to Protective Order S-ITC-003390369 17 In the short term, found, taking into majority of Member covering the first transitional solutions will have to be account that at the present stage the large States wish to maintain their monopoly (conventional) telephone set. ACCEPTANCE BY THE TELECOMMUNICATIONS ADMINISTRATIONS OF CLEAR OBLIGATIONS TO INTERC~ONNECT WITH AND PROVIDE ACCESS TO TRANS-FRONTIER SERVICE PROVIDERS Generally, the network must be opened, under fair competitive conditions, to service providers from other Member States. This is a pre-condition for implementation of the Internal Market for the Community’s future service economy. Insofar as Member States continue, for the time being, to reserve certain basic services for exclusive provision by their Telecommunications Administrations, reserved services must be construed narrowly and not interfere with service provision from other Member States, in accordance with Treaty rules. CLEAR SEPARATION OF REGULATORY AND OPERATIONAL FUNCTIONS OF TELECOMMUNICATIONSADMINISTRATIONS, in those Member States where this still has not been carried out. In a more competitive environment, the Telecommunications Administrations cannot continue to be both regulator and market participant, i.e. referee and player. Regulatory functions concern in particular licensing, control of type approval and binding specifications, frequency allocation, and surveillance of usage conditions~ Confidential Business Information, Subject to Protective Order S-ITC-003390370 18 The need for this separation is confirmed by the trends and debates in all Member States which are envisaging more competition for the sector. The Telecommunications Administrations should be market participants in the competitive sectors, in an improved competitive environment, in order to ensure full service to the whole spectrum of users and industry. Substantial differences will continue to exist between Member States but must be accommodated. This concerns the different status of the network operators (public/private) but also the policy regarding provision of leased lines and resale of capacity. All Member States agree currently on the necessity of securing the financial viability of their Administrations, either by excluding pure resale of voice (telephone) on leased lines or by tariff schemes which make resale of voice to third parties unattractive, such as usage-based tariffs. Both methods will have to be accommodated in the Community. However, both methods must be limited to a legitimate level of protection of financial viability and must not represent the abuse of a dominant position. Current charges for leased lines both at the national and Community level show in some cases wide and unexplained divergences. The proposals aim at progressively introducing full Community-wide competition to the terminal equipment market, and as far as possible and justified at this stage to telecommunications services. In pursuing the implementation of these proposals, and the lifting of existing restrictions, the Commission will take full account of the fact that the competition rules of the Treaty apply to Telecommunications Administrations, in particular to the extent that they engage in commercial activities. Confidential Business Information, Subject to Protective Order S-ITC-003390371 19 VII LINES OF ACTION TO HELP IMPLEMENTATION OF THESE POSITIONS In order to create the environment for reaching the objectives set out, the Commission proposes a number of actions : to smooth the transition towards a more competitive Community-wide market ; to promote a strong European presence in both the services and industrial field ; to prepare the Community for its discussions of future trading relations in this field with its outside partners, in particular in the framework of GATT. It is envisaged: to accelerate the implementation of existing action lines ; to initiate a number of new action lines needed to complement and facilitate the transition. Confidential Business Information, Subject to Protective Order S-ITC-003390372 2O VII.I ACCELERATION OF EXISTING ACTION LINES As regards the acceleration of implementation of the action lines defined by Council in December 1984 for the Community’s telecommunications policy, the Commission foresees : ACCELERATED ADOPTION OF THE PROPOSALS FOR ENSURING THE LONG TERM CONVERGENCE AND INTEGRITY OF THE NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE IN THE COMMUNITY A pan-European telecommunications infrastructure with full interoperability is the only basis on which a Community-wide open competitive terminal equipment and services market can thrive. Intensified industrial cooperation within the Community must ensure that European industry will fully benefit from the opening of this market. This concerns in particular : rapid adoption of the RACE MAIN programme which is fundamental to longer term network development in the Community and for community-wide standards for the future Integrated Broadband Communications, and promotion of related projects for the progressive Community-wide introduction of broadband communications ; rapid adoption of the proposals for the introduction of digital mobile communications ; full application of Recommendation 86/659/EEC on the co-ordinated introduction of the Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) ; Confidential Business Information, Subject to Protective Order S-ITC-003390373 21 rapid application of the STAR programme for advancing infrastructure in the regions, with the aim of increasing economic cohesion during the current transition. RAPID EXTENSION OF DIRECTIVE 86/361/EEC TO INCLUDE FULL MUTUAL RECOGNITION OF TYPE APPROVAL FOR TERMINAL EQUIPMENT According to the current Directive 86/361/EEC on the mutual recognition of testing required for type approval, proposals for full mutual recognition of type approva! must be submitted by July 1989 at the latest. The Commission proposes to accelerate this measure which is vital for the development of a competitive, Community-wide terminal market. REPLACING RECOMMENDATION 84/550/EEC ON THE FIRST PHASE OF OPENING UP ACCESS TO PUBLIC TELECOMMUNICATIONS CONTRACTS BY A DIRECTIVE on the opening of procurement contracts applying to public and private Telecommunications Administrations to which the Member States confer exclusive or special rights. The future participation of Telecommunications Administrations in the competitive markets requires more transparency in their purchasing behaviour~ Confidential Business Information, Subject to Protective Order S-ITC-003390374 22 VII.2 INITIATION OF NEW ACTION LINES As regards new action lines needed to facilitate the transition towards a more competitive, Community-wide environment, the Commission believes that the following are necessary : SUBSTANTIAL REINFORCEMENT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS IN THE COMMUNITY / CREATION OF A EUROPEAN TELECOMMUNICATIONS STANDARDS INSTITUTE based on the current co-operation of the Telecommunications Administrations within CEPT and with CEN-CENELEC. A substantial reinforcement of resources applied to standardisation is a necessary requirement for a truly open competitive market. Jointly financed, the institute, based on a small core team of permanent staff and independently managed according to best business practice, should draw flexibly on experts from both the Telecommunications Administrations and industry, in order substantially to accelerate the elaboration of standards and technical specifications, indispensable for an open competitive market environment and the development of Europe-wide services. This action would build on and complement the Community’s current policy on telecommunications and information technology standards. Confidential Business Information, Subject to Protective Order S-ITC-003390375 23 II COMMON DEFINITION OF AN AGPEED SET OF CONDITIONS FOR OPEN NETWORK PROVISION ("0 N P") TO SERVICE PROVIDERS AND USERS Working out in common the principles of the provision of the network to competitive service providers is a necessary requirement for a Community-wide competi£ive market for terminal equipment and for competitive services, including in particular value-added services, if a long period of case-to-case decisions is to be avoided. This concerns in particular the definition of clear Europe-wide network termination points, usage conditions and tariff principles and availability of frequencies where relevant. The work should be carried out by the Commission in close collaboration with the Senior Officials Group on Telecommunications (SOG-T), based on hearings with all parties concerned. Subsequentlyt the Commission would submit a corresponding Directive on ONP to Council. Confidential Business Information, Subject to Protective Order S-ITC-003390376 24 III COMMON DEVELOPMENT OF EUROPE-WIDE SERVICES Future intra-Community communications will depend on achieving three objectives : Europe-wide compatibility and inter-operability of those services provided by the Telecommunications Administrations. In addition to efficient telephony and telex, new services such as teletex, videotex, packet-switched and circuit-switched data services, mobile communications and the future ISDN, as defined in Recommendation 86/659/EEC should be available universally at the European level. This could concern joint Community-wide service provision, network planning, and tariff principles ; Rapid development of intra-Community provision of value-added services. It is proposed to set into motion at the Community level a number of measures aimed at promoting the emergence of European value-added services, building on current efforts such as the TEDIS initiative. Rapid development of the Community’s policy on the information market, to promote Europe-wide information services, in particular fully mobilising the potential of private initiatives. Confidential Business Information, Subject to Protective Order S-ITC-003390377 25 IV COMMON DEFINITION OF A COHERENT EUROPEAN POSITION REGARDING THE FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS IN THE COMMUNITY The international satellite communications sector is currently going through rapid changes. In the light of the positions described in Fig. 3, based on prevailing technological trends, common positions will in particular be required regarding : development of the earth station market in Europe, in particular with regard to common standards ; future development of satellite links (space segment), in particular the relationships between EUTELSAT, national, and private systems, and the full use of the technological potentia! of the European Space Agency ; development of international satellite communications, in particular with regard to INTELSAT and INMARSAT. V COMMON DEFINITION OF A COHERENT CONCEPT ON TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICES AND EQUIPMENT WITH REGARD TO THE COMMUNITY’S RELATIONS WITH THIRD COUNTRIES An intensification of co-ordination with regard to Third Countries and the position on the international regulatory environment is urgently needed. This concerns in particular the preparation of the new GATT ROUND and future relations with international organisations such as the International Telecommunications Union. Confidential Business Information, Subject to Protective Order S-ITC-003390378 26 It concerns further the evolving relationship in this field with the EFTA countries, with the United States and Japan and with the Third World. VI COMMON ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL IMPACT AND CONDITIONS FOR TRANSITION A SMOOTH future In the long term, the most important factor for the technology evolution of the telecommunications and information sector and its regulatory environment, both at the national and the Community level, will be the degree of social consensus which can be achieved regarding the new technologies. Common discussions and positions will be needed regarding the best ways to master the shift in job qualifications required by the change in technology and to expand employment in new service provision. An essential condition for achieving a true Common Market in this area will therefore be the development of a Europe-wide consensus in the analysis of the social consequences of the new technologies and the associated regulatory evolution and policies. Analysis of the conditions for acceptability of new services and activities, and the impact on work life and employment will be a permanent task. Confidential Business Information, Subject to Protective Order S-ITC-003390379 27 This must include continuous in-depth research of evolving user requirements for the new services, taking fully into account broader trends in economic activity, in the transformation of life-styles and in the social concerns of the European citizen. A vital contribution which can be made at Community level towards evolving this consensus should be the launching of joint analysis and study, in order to lay a better factual basis of knowledge, increase the perception of developments in the other Member States, prepare informed debate and facilitate discussions and negotiations between the social partners. Confidential Business Information, Subject to Protective Order S-ITC-003390380

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