Rockstar Consortium US LP et al v. Google Inc

Filing 158

CLAIM CONSTRUCTION BRIEF filed by NetStar Technologies LLC, Rockstar Consortium US LP. (Attachments: # 1 Appendix A, # 2 Exhibit 1 - 969 patent, # 3 Exhibit 2 - 245 patent, # 4 Exhibit 3 - 970 patent, # 5 Exhibit 4 - 178 patent, # 6 Exhibit 5 - 183 patent, # 7 Exhibit 6 - 883 patent, # 8 Exhibit 7 - Barron's 5th ed. - client and server, # 9 Exhibit 8 - Webster's 8th ed. - client, # 10 Exhibit 9 - Newton's Telecom - client and server, # 11 Exhibit 10 - Webster's College 1999 - interface, # 12 Exhibit 11 - Federal Standard 1037C - link, # 13 Exhibit 12 - NTC Am English Learners - correlate and match, # 14 Exhibit 13 - Webster's College 1999 - database, # 15 Exhibit 14 - Newton's Telecom - database, # 16 Exhibit 15 - Modern Dictionary of Electronics - database, # 17 Exhibit 16 Dictionary of Computer and Internet Terms - database, # 18 Exhibit 17 Webster's Third Intl - refine, # 19 Exhibit 18 Webster's College 1999 - refine, # 20 Exhibit 19 - IBM Dictionary - sort, # 21 Exhibit 20 - Roget's Thesaurus - change and update)(Tribble, Max)

Exhibit 16

Dictionary of
Computer and
Internet Terms
Fifth Edition
Douglas A. Dowining, Ph.D.
School of Business and Economics
Seattle Pacific University

Michael A. Covington, Ph.D.
Artificial Intelligence Center
The University of Georgia

Melody Mauldin Covington
Graphic Designer
Athens, Georgia

BARRON'S

(D Copyright 1996 by Barron's Educational Series, Inc.
Prior editions @ copyright 1995, 1992, 1989, and 1986
by Barron's Educational Series, Inc.
All rights reserved.
No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by photostat, microfilm,
xerography, or any other means, or incorporated into any information
retrieval system, electronic or mechanical, without the written permission
of the copyright owner.
All inquiries should be addressed to:

Barron's Educational Series, Inc.
250 Wireless Boulevard
Hauppauge, New York 11788
Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 96-9250

International Standard Book No. 0-8120-9811-0
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Downing, Douglas.
Dictionary of computer terms / Douglas A. Downing, Michael
Covington, Melody Mauldin Covington-5th ed.
p.
CM.
Previous eds. published under title: Dictionary of computer terms.
ISBN 0-8120-9811-0
2. Internet (Computer network)—
1. Computers—Dictionaries.
Dictionaries.
. II. Covington,
I. Covington, Michael A., 1957–
Melody Mauldin. III. Downing, Douglas. Dictionary of computer
terms. IV. Title.
QA76.15.D667
1996
004'.03—dc20
96-9250
CIP
PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

9876

95

DATABASE MANAGEMENT

DAC (Digital to Analog Converter) an electronic circuit that converts
digital information (binary numbers) into voltages at specific levels.
DACs are used to generate sound and video signals.
DAEMON (under UNIX) a program that runs continuously in the background, or is activated by a particular event. The word daemon is Greek
for "spirit" or "soul."
DAGGER the character t, sometimes used to mark footnotes.
DAISY CHAIN to connect devices together in sequence with cables. For
example, if four devices A, B, C, and D are daisy-chained, there will
be a cable from A to B, a cable from B to C, and a cable from C to D.
DAISYWHEEL PRINTER a printer that uses a rotating plastic wheel
as a type element. Daisywheel printers were often used with microcomputers in the early 1980s. They printed high-quality text, but they
were relatively slow and could not print graphics.
DASH (—) a punctuation mark similar to a hyphen, but longer. On a
typewriter, a dash is typed as two hyphens. (In WordPerfect, it should
be typed as two required hyphens, so that a line break will not be
placed between them; see REQUIRED HYPHEN.)
Proportional-pitch type often includes one or more kinds of dashes,
such as an em dash (—), which is as wide as the height of the font, or
an en dash (–), which is two-thirds as wide as the em dash.
DATA information. The word was originally the plural of datum, which
means "a single fact," but is now used as a collective singular. Data
processing is the act of using data for making calculations or decisions.
DATABASE a collection of data stored on a computer storage medium,
such as a disk, that can be used for more than one purpose. For example, a firm that maintains a database containing information on its
employees will be able to use the same data for payroll, personnel, and
other purposes. See DATABASE MANAGEMENT.
DATABASE MANAGEMENT the task of storing data in a database
and retrieving information from that data. There are three aspects
of database management: entering data, modifying or updating data,
and presenting output reports. Many mainframe computers are used
by businesses for database management purposes. Several software
packages are available for database management on microcomputers,
such as dBASE and Microsoft Access, and some data management
capabilities are provided with spreadsheets such as Lotus 1-2-3 and
Excel. Some examples of database applications include maintaining
employee lists and preparing payrolls; maintaining parts order lists and