WI-LAN Inc. v. Alcatel-Lucent USA Inc. et al

Filing 482

MOTION for Judgment as a Matter of Law [RENEWED] OF NO INVALIDITY OR, ALTERNATIVELY, MOTION FOR NEW TRIAL ON INVALIDITY by WI-LAN Inc.. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A - Tiedemann, # 2 Exhibit B - Gitlin, # 3 Exhibit C - Gilhousen, # 4 Exhibit D - IS-95-A, # 5 Exhibit E - Trial Transcript (July 12, 2013 Morning Session), # 6 Exhibit F - Trial Transcript (July 8, 2013 Afternoon Session), # 7 Exhibit G - Trial Transcript (July 9, 2013 Afternoon Session), # 8 Exhibit H - Trial Transcript (July 8, 2013 Morning Session), # 9 Exhibit I - Trial Transcript (July 12, 2013 Afternoon Session), # 10 Text of Proposed Order)(Weaver, David)

WI-LAN Inc. v. Alcatel-Lucent USA Inc. et al

Doc. 482 Att. 1

Exhibit A

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TABLE OF' CONTENTS

VOLUME I
(P2) BUS~SS TRACKS
EXECUTIVE BUSINESS
EB-I: The Ne," Order of Business .................................................................... "'......
Organizers: Fausto Molinet, Matrix International
Franklln Cooper t Marketillll Dynamics Corporation
Chaimuuz: Franklin Cooper, Marketing Dynamics Corporation
,

1

"The New England Business Climate For The Next Decade" (No manuscript submitted)
Katherine Bradbury Assistant VP &. Economist, Federal Reserve Bank of Boston .
t

"Derense Conversion and Technology Transfer"· Panel (No manuscripts submitted)
Charles Zraket. Fonner CEO ofMitrelHarvard Univcrsity
.
James Dunn. President. ~ASA Center for Technology Transfer
Edmund Woollen. VP Corporate Marketing, Raytheon Company
"Stnltegic .6Jliances" '(No manuscript SUbmitted)
Bernard Bradstreet, Kumveil Appield Intelligence

EB·2: New Processes for Established Businesses.................................................. 3
Organizers: Fausto Mollnet, Matrix International
FranJdln Cooper, Marketing Dynamics Corporation
Chairman: Franklin Cooper, Marketing Dynamics Corporation

"Time To Market Issues (JIT. ISO 9000, TQM) (No manuscript submitted)
Bruce Hamilton. VP Operations. United Electric ContrOls Corporation
"Business Process Re-Engineering" (No manuscript submitted)
Jose Rodriguez-Soria. President. Q2000 Group
.

EB·3:

Emerging Businesses ............................................. '" ................................. ~,.... 5
Organizers: Fausto Molinet, Matrix International
FrankIln C~oper. Marketing DynamiCS Corporation
Chairman: Fausto )lohnet, Matrix International

"Finnncing for Emerging Businesses" (No tIllUluscripr submitted)

Pllul Kelley. Principal Ponner. Zero Stage C~itnl

.,~ llrk'
.
.
eun,g fOt EmergIng B '
USlnesses " .................................................................' 7
Ralph E. Grabowski. Vp of ~a.rketing and Swes for StartUps.
.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

IB-4: Raisiug Money With Intellectual Property.................................................... 37
Or,aDlzer/Chalrman:
Joseph S. Iaudlono, Law OffIces of Joseph S.
Iandiorio
.
"Patents, Trademarks, Copyrights & Trade Secrets:
.
"
What are They and How do They Help Attract Investors? ........... ~ .............................. 39
Joseph S. tandiorio, Patent Attorney Law O~cos of loseph S. Iandiorio .
.
t

-Raising Money With Intellectual Property"........................................................... 48
Lawrence H. Gennari, O'Connor, Broude. & Aronson
.
"The EntreprenewiaI Vaew. of Intellectual Property and Rais.ing Capital" (No man.uscript
submitted)
.
Paul Severino. President. Wellfleet Communications, Inc.

u.s:

New England Success Stories (No manuscripts submitted) ................................... 57:
Organizers: Fausto MollDet, Matrix Interaatloll8l
.
Franklin Cooper, Marketing Dynamics Corporation
Chairman: Peter Meade, CEO, The New England Council
Joanna Lau, President. Lau Technologies
Harry Schofield, President. Atlantek, Inc.
Mitchell E. Kert:zman. CEO. Power Soft Corporation

INTERNATIONAL BVSlNESS
"Overview" • A Roadmap To Gobig International" (No lIUU1uscrlpt submitted)

Herben tJllman. ExponCom
lB.!: Forming Partnerships • US and international ................................................ 59
Organizer/Chairman: Donald Welch. Bay Colony Representatives
"Overview • Opportunities In Global Situatlons"...................................................... 61
Donald Welch. Bay Colony Representatives
"Establishing Partnerships in Southeast Asia'.......................................................... 66
Timothy E. Spino. Venturing Worldwide
"Form :md Fit of an International Business Alliance" ................................................. 83
John Tr08010., The .o\lliance Group, ~nc.,
"Strategic Global Partnership" ............................................................. i ............. 93
John P. H:lnlick. G:nerat Data Communications. Inc.
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l'ABLE OF 'CONTENTS
"Gettln,g Massachusetts P.roducts Into The Glo~aI Market" (No ~nuscript submitted)
. The Honorable Araeo Paul Cellucci, Lt. Governor of the CODUllonwealth of
. '
Massachusetts

IB·2: Government Support For International Trade • Panel............. ~....................... 99
Organizer/Chairman:
Paula Murphy, Massachusetts Omce of International
Trade &. InvestmentlSmall Business Development Center
"Government S~ for International Trade" ... Overview (No Manuscript submitted)
Paula Murphy, I1iternational Trade Counselor. Massachusetts Office ofIntematiODal Trade &
InvcsementlSmall Business Development Center
.
Moying U, Assistant Direc.tor, Trade Development Unit, Massachusetts Port Authority
Keith Yatsuhashi. Trade Specialist. US Department of Commerce
John l~yce, Regional International Trade Officer, US Small business Administration
Mark Chin, Procram Manager, MassachusettS Industrial Fmance Agency
IB-3:

~~::ize~}t~:f:m!orkS\:&~"j;y~~;'us's~irB~i;;;s"AdmiirlS~tioii········J.Ol
"Introduction To Export Credit Insurance" ............................................................ J.03
John T. Lavelle. Regional Manager, Export-Import Bank of The United States
"Terms ofPaymentlfrade Services of Private Banks" (No manuscript submitted)
Wayne E. Cook. VP. International Trade & Banking Services
"MassachusettS State Fmance ProgramlIntcmiuional Trade Fmance Program of the Export Import
Bank" (No manusaipt submitted)
Mark Chin., Program Manager, Massachusetts Industrial Fmance Agency
''US Small Business Administration Fmance Program" (No manuscript submitted) .
John P. Joyce, Regional International Trade Officer, US Small Business Administration

m·4:

Europe Alter Maastricht: Implications for US Buslness • Panel..................... w
Presenter/Chairman:
Walter Gerhardt, Consul General of The Federal
Republic of Germany
"The Challenges nnd OpportUnities for American Business in The United Germany" (No
manuscript submitted)
John F. Curtis, Partner, Ernst & Young
"New Members. New Institutions. New Jobs· The Agenda of the Europenn Union at the
Turning of the Centuryll (No manuscript submitted)
Soren Sondergwd. Deputy Director of Press and Public Affairs, Delegation of the Europenn
Union·
,

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,TABLE OF CONTENTS
.. Am~rica. Europe an~ the Pacific Rim - Their Relationship in the Next Century" (No manuscript
5ubaUncd)
.
Professor Arpad von Lazar, Professor ofIntemational PoUtics at ThC Fletcher School of Law
and Diploauq of Tufts University
, "

"Europe Aiter Maastricht: How Can US Business Profit from tU. New Oppornnrlties" (No
nlBDuscriptsubDrltted)
Charles Ludolph. Director. Office for European Community Aff~. Department of Commerce
lB·!: NAFTA • PaneJ (No manuscripts submitted) ....................................................... 115
Organizer/Chairman: . Robert Ullman, MIT '94
NOmlan Fieleke, VP and Economist. Federal Reserve Bank of BOston
James Anderson. Professor of EconoDrlcs, Boston College
Lucrecia Fernandez-Serrano. Senior Counsel, Home Insurance Company
Kun F. Jensen. Consul of Canada
Representative of the Mexican Government (not deterrIUned at time of publication)

IB .. 6: Business Strategies In The Americas .. Panel (No manuscripts submitted) .............. 1l7
Organizer/Chairman:

Elizabeth Ozon, Director, Canada & Latin America,
Massachusetts Omce of International Trade &
Investment

William A. Burck. Assistant General Counsel, International, Data General Corporation
Cesar O. Andrade. International Sales M~, lberoamerican Markets, Boston Technology

International
.
Patricia Grasso. Regional Sales Manager, Latin America. Techexport
Garv R. Wilmarth. President. Trade AdvisOry Services. Inc.
Paul E. LInet. Customs & International Trade Attorney. Paul E. Linet. R.C.

IB.7: ISO 9000 .. Its Effect On Your Company· Panel.......................................... J.l9
Orlanizer/C~airmaD:
Jerry Kurcher, Manager, Quality Bologic
'
"ISO 9000 Overview. The International Quality Standard" (No manuscript submitted)
Jack Small. IBM Corporation
'

, "IS Steps to a Successful ISO 9000 Quality Assurance System" ........................... ~ .......l.2l
Art Ramos. Manager Quality, MiIliporelGraham Hill. Tomlin Associates
"Preparing For The Assessment Process" (No manuscript submitted)
Steve Betgerone. DigiUll Equipment Company

"Signific:utt Factors In The Pnth To Registration" (No manuscript submitted)
James O'Neil, President. National Quruity As$utance

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"

TABLE OF CONTENTS

IB .. 8: Understanding European and International Safety Stand8rds.......................... l3l
Organl,zerlPresenter:
Werner Paster, Managinl Partner, Euro Consult, Inc.
"Understanding European and International Safety Standards"...........·...........................133
Werner Paster, Managmg Partner, Bum Consult, Inc.

EUBCBASINGIBUSINESS ISSUES'
Ma~uracturlnl ........................................................ 143
Organizer: Christine Loup, Purchasing Maugement Association of Bostoil
Chairman: Beth A. Perdue, CP International

PB-l: Strategies For Contract

"Extending Capabilities Through Contract Manufacturing" ...... ~ ................................... 145
Jeffrey M. Conklin. Beth A. Perdue, CP International
. .
PB·2: Negotiating In a Technical En..lronment...................................................... 1S5
Organizer: Christine Loup, Purchasing Management Association of Boston
Presenter: George Harris, Harris Coasultlng

"Negotiating in a High-Tech Environment" ..:......................................................... 157
George L. Harris, Hanis Consulting
PB·3: Supplier Management 'For Non..Buyers (No manuscript submitted)...................... 163

Organizer: Christine Loup, Purcbaslng Management Association of Boston
Presenter: Richard M. Schickling, EG&G, lac.

PB·4: Skills & Methods Required For Competitive Product Development In The
90 t 5 ........

110 . . . . . . " '11 . . . . . . . . ,. . . . . - • • • • 11 .. II • • " II • • • • II . . . . . II . . . . . . .

~

II . . . . . . . . II . . . . . . . . . . . . . II" • • • II . . . . . . . . . . . . II II .. ' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16!

Organizer/Chairman: Steven Kludt, Pittigllo Rabin Todd & McGrath'
"Session Overview" (No manuscript submitted)
Amram Shapiro, Pittiglio Rabin Todd &. McGrath
"Developing Product Strategies For High Technology Companies" (No manuscript submitted)
Michael McGrath. Pittiglio Rabin Todd &. McGrath
"Organizing For Success In SoftWare Product Development" (No manuscript submitted)
Steven Kludt, Pittiglio Rabin Todd &. McGrath
"Software Development At A Baldrige Winner" ....................................................... 16
Dan Tudahl nod Rick Lindner, IBM Corporation

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TABLE 'OF CONTENTS

VOLUME IT

,

(P3) SOFTWA~ AND STANDARDSINETWORKS TRACKS
SOFTWARE AND STANDARDS
8S-1: CFI • Its Value To The DeslgD Engineer......................................:..•••..••...•.. 181
Oraanizer: Ed Perkins, Digital Equipment Corporation
Chairman: Donald' Cottrell, CAD Framework Initiative .
An Overview of the CAD Framework Initiative" .....................................................183
Donald Cottrell. CAD Frnmework Initiative
Of

"Design Representation" (No manuscript submitted)
Laurence Bre\'ard. MCC
"
"Tool Ecapsulation Techniques for Maximizing Interoperabllity ..................................... l86
Thomas K. ~yers. CAD Framework Initiative
'
.
,

SS..2: CFI .. Real Standard For Real Produets ~ Panel (No manuscripts submitted)
Organizer: Ed Perkins, Digital Equipment Corporation
Chairman: Donald Cottrell, CAD Framework Initiative
Kav Paciorck. Viewlogic Svstems. Inc.
Pili Sherid:tn. Cadence Design Systems
Ken Willett. :Mentor Graphics Corporation
8S ..3: Electronic Data Books • From Concept To Reality • Panel ............................. 191

Organizer: Ed Perkins, Digital Equipment Corporation
Chairman: Joseph Flanigan. mM Corporation

.

"Technical Document Exchange Standard" (No manuscript submitted)
Bob Yencha. National Semiconductor Corporation
.
"Electronic Commerce of Component Iniormntion" (No manuscript supmitted I
Mike Tebo. Sandia Nlltion:1l L.abs (~IOPOE)
"Multicrup ~odulesfl (No mnnusc:ript submined)
Randy Hm. Logic Modeling CorpC?r::uion
"Multimedia Component Information 1:\0 manuscript submitted)
Steve EVilllczuk. Technology Decision Resources
.

"Component Database ImpilCt" INo manuscript submitted)
Ken Bel:ln~er. Aspect Development
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TABLE OF. CONTENTS

SS-4: . CASE Tools ............................................................·..................................... .193
OrlanJzer/Chairman: Ed Gordon, BDam Systems
.
"MetaCASE: Dream or Reality" .......................... "' .................

4 •••••••: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Charles F. Martin, Charles F. Martin Associates, Inc.

195

"CASE for ClientlServer" (No manuscript submittccl)
Dan Kara. CASE Trends
"CASE Tools For The 21st Centwy" (No manuscript submitted)
Peter Maser, PSM Associates
SS-5: Software Quality ............................. "."' .......................................................... 201
Organizer/Chairman: Ed Gordon, BDam Systems
'111

"C++: Panacea or Place bo" ..............................................
Edward Gordon. 8Data Systems

lit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II

. . . . . . . . . . ",...

203

"Issues in the Testing of Object-Oriented Software" .................................................. 2ll
Edward V. Berard, BcrItd SoftWare Engineering. Inc.
"Improving Software Quality Throughout Development" (No manuscript submitted)
Reed Hastings. Pure Software, Inc.
.

85-6: Software Metrics: State of· Practice .............................................................. 221
Organizer: James Perry, GTE Government Systea Corporation
.
Chairman: . Shasbl Mehra, Stratus Computer
"The Role Qf Measurement in Software Engineering" ................................................. 22.:
David N. Card, Computer Sciences Ccn:poration .
.
A Software Metrics Program" ..:............... ;•.•..•. ,.................................................. 23f
Deborah DeToma and James PetTy. GTE GovemmeDt Systems Corporation .
II

"Applicati~n of a Quantitativ~ Software Metrics Assessment Process to Military Software
Development Programs ............................................... "...••••...•••••••......••..•.•...•......
John 1. McGarry. Cheryl L. Jones. Naval Undersea Warfare Center

n

"Software Measurement Experiences - A Communications Industry Perspective" (No manuscript

submitted)

Larry McCm:t..lty. Motorola Coc:lex
"Software Measurement Experiences - Practitioners Process Metrics" (No manuscript submitted)
Jack. Ward, Hewett..Packard

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

ss·7:. UtlUzlng STEP To Conned Electronics Desipl Engin'eering &, Manufacturing •
~~Iz~;' Er;!;~r'::t b~~:ti~~pm;i"c;rp~;~~~~"""""~""""""""""~... 25:
Chairman:

Donald Yelton, Digital Equipment Corporation

"Session Overview"
. O. Graves, South Carolina Research Authority (SCRA)
"The Step Standard For Product Model Data"
Jack Corley, South Carolina·Research Authority (SCRA)

NETWORKS
NW .. l:

Desktop Environment..........•.•.•.•.•...•..•..•.......•......•................•....•... ,......... 253

Organizer/Chairman: Sioux MaIlard, Digital Equipment Corporation

"Managing and Supporting Complex Data Networks" ................................................ 255
Eduardo L Kaufmann and Michael Condry, Digital Equipment Corporation
"Operating System As A Network: Platform" (No manuscript submitted)
Craig Davis, Regional System Marketing Manager, Microsoft
Don Elliot. Arcbitectural System Engineer, Microsoft

N\V·2: LAN + WAN ............................................................................................... 261
Organizer/Cbafrman: Sioux Mallard, Digital Equipment Corporation.

"Evolution of the Internet·
Steven Moore, O'Reilly Associates
I

................................................................. "' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

263

"Integrating WAN's, LANs and the Desktop" (No manuscript submitted)
David Yates, Director, Product Marketing, WelJfleet

N\V ·3: Telecommunications Futures • Panel (No Manuscripts submitted) ........................267
Organizer/Chairman: Sioux Mallard, DIgital Equipment Corporation

Moderator: Bob Rich. Director &: Principal Analyst, Data Quest
Robert McCauley, Corporation Telecommunications Manager. DigiUll Equipment Corporation
Robert Taylor, Planning ConsultlUlt. Global Network Department. Avantus
Brury J. Volante. Vice President. Global Project Fmance, General Electric
Hnnk Miller, Manager. Telecom Strategy, Xerox

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NW·4: Distributed 'Networks and Systems.......................................................... .269
Organi%er: Sioux Mallard, Digital Equipment Corporatlon .
ChaJrma~: Stanley y ~h, AT
Bell Laboratories

&r

"Designing Intelligent Network Architectures and Services" ......................................... 2'n
Stanley Yeh, AT&T Bell Laboratories
.
"Service Architecture Evolution for Giobal Networking" ........................................... .276
Stanley Yeh and L.A. RusseD, AT&T Bell La.boratories
C.E. Betta and D. Sheinbein, AT&T Network Services DepartJDent

nLEC: Intelligent Networks (NMS) (No manUscript submitted)
John Clark, BeU Communications Research
.
.. A Broadband Evolution (NMS) (No manuscript submitted)
Mike V erma. AT&T Bell LaboratOries
NW·5: New Commercial Spread Spectrum Communications ProductS .. Panel .......... 281
Organizer: SIoux Mallard, Digital EquJpment Corporation
.
Chairman: Donald Greico, lnterdl,ital ~ommWlicatloDS Corporation

"Session OverviewlBroadband COMA Wueless Local Access System" (No manual submitted)
Donald Greico, lnterdigital Communicati~ Corporation
"CDMA For Cellular and peS" ...........................................................................283
Edward G. Tiedemann, Jr.• QUALCOM:M, Inc.
.

"Wireless LAN'f (No manuscript submitted)
Robert Roscnblll.UD, Windllta, Inc.
"Digital Cordless Communications Using Frequency Hopping" (No manuscript submitted)
.

Jay Padgett, AT&.T .

NW-6: Dllltal Silnal Processing ..........................................·...... "..........................289Organizer: Sioux Mallard, Digital Equipment Corporation
Chairman: Ashok Blndra. EE Times

"DSP Resource Manager Interface and its Role in DSP Multimedia" .............................. 291
Roben Frankel, Spectmn Mictosystems. Inc.

"The Personal Sound System" ........
Kevin Leary, Analog Devices. Inc.

IiI • • • • • • • • • , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . u

•••••••••

299

tiThe VCOS Multimeditl. Environment" ................................................................304
Narciso Mera, AT&T Microelectronics

"The Mwave Technology Platform: Virtual Signal Processing" .................................... 310
Michael T. Vanover, Mwave Group, mM MicroelecU'Oni~s

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NW·8: Neural Networks Technology..................................................................... ,..... 323
VouJa Georgopoulos, Tufts Unlyerslty, Electrical .
Org~zerJf;bairmaD:
Engineering Dept.
"Session OverviewlIbe Broad Use of Neural Networks in Real-Time Bngincerinj
Systems It .411 •.. " •.•.•.••.••••••••••••.••• , ••.•.••••..•••••.••.......•••••..•...•...•••......••..••••.....••.•. 325

Voula C. Georgopoulos. Tufts University, Electrical Engineering Dept.
"Combining Rule·Based and Neural Network Approaches in the Fusion of Range and Intensity
Signals" ..................................................................................................... " 330
Kyriakos P. Zavolw, Northeastern University
"Neural Network Detection of Antiepileptic Drugs from a Single BEG 'Trace" .................... 346
Javier Ecbauz and George Vachtsevanos, Georgia. Institute of Technology
"A High Capacity Content AddressabJe Memory Architecture"...................................... 352
.

Dr. Philip D. Henshaw, SPARTA, Inc.

NW.. I0: AppUcatfons of Neural Networks "In Englneerinc Systems..........................
Organizer: Voula Georgopoulos, Tufts University, Electrical Engineering
Chairman: Theodore Iaoklmldls, The Mitre Corporation

367

"Neural Network Based Predictive Control Systems for Underwater Robotic Vehicles" ........ 369
V.S. Kodogiannis, PJ.G. Lisboa and 1. Lucas. University of Liverpool, UK
"Three Neural Network: Based, Sensor Systems for Environment Monitoring" .................. 377
Paul E. Keller. Pacific Notthwest Laborato,:y

"Fuzzy Logic Controller Design: Target Tracking System and Automobile Control System" ... 383
Sam P. Chaudburi, Sensor Data Integration. Inc.
"A Target Detecting Neural Network Architecture for Serial Sensor Data System" ...~ .......... 393
Tim L. Overman, Boeing Defense &: Space Group
Ahmed Louri. Electrical &, Computer-Engineering Dept., University of Arizonia.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

VOLUME m
,
.
(P4) ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGmSIE:MERGING
TECHNOLOGmSIM'ANUFACTURING PROCESSES· TRACKS
ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGIES
ENG·1: EDA Vendor Support For Blgh Speed System, Physical Deslp (No manuscripts
submitted) ........................................... ,..........................................
405
Organizer: Blsham Salami, Dlaital Eqal~eDt Corporation
Chairman: Tom MIller, Cadence Design Systems
.
Co-Chair: Judy CerrQne,' Digital Equipment Corporatlon
.
.

Dr. Za.ki Raldb. Cadence Design Systems
Mark Klein. Mentor Graphics
Tom Lamarche. PADS Software. Inc.

ENG·2: User-Interface {UI) .................................................................................. 407
Organizer: 'Illsham Salami, Digital Equipment Corporation
Chairman: Amaresan R. Sundaram, Digital Equipment Corporadon
Co-Chair: Mani AlagapPall. Viewlogic Systems, Ine.

"The User Interface in Viewlogic's Tool Integration Framework" .•,•••••• ~ ........................ 409
George Deak, View!ogic Systems, Inc.
I·U ser Interface Desi2n For the Engineer" ............................................................. 415
Craig Wills. Computer Science Department. Worcester Polytechnic ~tute

"Highlv Visual Information Presentation" (No manuscrlpt submitted)
Howard Webber. Manager. Advanced Development Workgroup SystemS, Digital Equipment
Corporation
.
EN G·3: VRD L ........................
Organizer: Bisham Salimi, Digital Equipment Corporation
Chairman: Barry Sloate, Digital Equipment Corporation

41 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ;. • • • • • • • • • • • • • 11 • • •

.t.21

.
"Specification ofIntctface Behavior for the Automatic Generation of Bus-Interfnce Models·' ...423
William P. Birmingham.. Ajay I. Daga.. Jonathan 1. DeKock
EEeS Department. The University of Michigan
,

"VHDL..based System Simulation and Performance Measurement
Patrick A. ~cCabe. Honeywell. Inc. Space Systems

39

ll

.................................

"Automatic Synthesis ofVHDL Benchmarks to SUpport Simulation Perfonnance Eva.luation"452
Harold W. C:uter. University of Cincinnati
.
"StlltUS ofVHDL Intemationlll Activities" (No manuscript submitted)
Hillel Ofek. VHDL International
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ENG-4: Trends and DirectioDS In CAD/CAM, CAE (No manuscripts submitted) .............. 457
Organizer: Elleen- Perez, Digital Equipment Corporati.on .
Chairman: Bruce L. JenkiDs, Daratech, Inc.
Co.Chair: Thomas J. Greaves. Daratech, 1Dc:.
ENG-!: Concurrent EnaiDeerlng: Concepts and PractJce................... ~ ..................... 459,
Organizer: Eileen Perez, Digital Equipment Corporation

CIWrman: DonaJd Stewart, Concurrency Group

"The Right Dialogue Between Engincerins and Marketiug"..........................................461
Donald Stewart. Concurre.ncy Group
"Enrollment Management, Managing the Alpha AXP Program" .................................... 468
Pcter F. Conklin, Digital Equipment Corporation
Presented by 'Ellen Salisbury, Digital Equipment Corporation '
,
"Predictive Metrics For Concurrent Engineering"..................................................... 485
Bradford L. Goldensc, Goldense Group, Inc.
.
"New Products Introduction Process at Sun Microsystems" ........................................ .505
Christopher Nalale, Sun MictOsysterns
'

ENG·6: Inter-Organizational Computer NetworkJng In Electronics Manufacturina .... 521
Organizer: Eileen Perez, Digital Equipment Corporation
'
Chairman: Dale WorleYt Netguide Ird'ormatioD Services
"The Pitfalls of Implementing ED! in Procurement" .................................................. 523
George L. Hattis. Harris Consulting
•. Automated Supply Chain Management" .............................................................. .528
Monte Zweben, Red Pepper Software Company
:

"Elcctronic Commerce for the Electronics Industry" ..................................................532
Barbara L. Maia Goldstein. National Institute of Stand.at$ and Technolosy
"Information Technology. Incentivcs and the Optimal Number of Suppliers" ................. ,.. .540
J. Yannis Bakos, University of California, hvinc
.
Erik Brynjolfsson., Massachusetts Institute ofTecimology
"Unking ED! to MRPU to Reduce Cycle Time" ...................................................... 558:
Joe Salemi und Mark Rogers, Motorola Codex EDI Team
.'
ENG·': VXt Plug & Play .. Panel {No manuscripts submitted) ...................................... 571'
Organizer: Gordon Robinson. GeuRad
.Chairman: Red Aylward, GenRad

Ron Wolfe, National Instntments
Robert Cleary. Kinetic Systems Corporation
David Heywonh. Tektronix. Inc.
Arlene MeAdows. Racol..Danll
DEFS0011371

, Electro s/@)1J .
International

May 10· May 12, 1994
Boston.MA

TABLE OF CONTENTS

EMERGING TECHNQLQGIE~

ET.. l: Parallel Processing Issues and Tools • Panel .............................................. :;73·
Organizer/Chairman: Alice Brown, Raytheon Company
"Perspectives on Parallel Software Development" ................................................... ?7S
Cnrol Nowacki. Kendall Square Research
"Why is Parallel Computing So Hard? .........:...................................................... .577
Myra]ean Prelle. Mitre Corporation

Dave Lubanko. Raytheon Company
Janice MacCabon. MasPu Corporation
James Frankel. Thinking Machines Coqx>ration
eN 0 manuscript submined)
.
ET·2: Virtual Realitv • Panel ........................... ;............. "...... "...... "' .........
Organb:er/C~airman: Ronald ~. Moura~t, Northeastern Unh'ersity

I11 • • • • • '

••••••

,a5

"Afford:J.ble Virtual Realitv" .................................................................................. 587

Eben Gay. ERG Engineering. Iric.
"Nonhenstem University's Virtual Environments Laboratory" (No manuscript su~mitted)
Ronald MOut1Ult. ~ortheastem University
. .
"The Sound of VR: Apatinlized Audio" (No manuscript submitted)
Mike ]oly. Kintek. Inc.

'ilntroduction To Cyberspace" (No manuscript submitted)
Pllul Metzer. Reolity By Design
ET-3: 64·bit Computing .. Solves the Worlds Most Complex Problems .................... 597
Organizer/Chairman: Jerry Haigh. DigltnJ Equip~ent· CorporAtion

"64·bit Computing .. Solves the Worlds Most Complex Problem.s·' ................................ 5~
Jerry Haigh. Digital Equipment Corporation
"The ODB~S Role in 64 bit Distributed Client-Server Computing" .............................. Ji03

Andrew E. \Vnde. Objectivity. Inc.

"Fract:!.! Compression of Datn Structures·' ............................................. :................ 605
Andre Szykier.. CrosslZ Intemntional. Inc.

DEFS0011372

( Elec~roi@t!J
'nfemallonsl

May 10 ... May 12, 1994

Boston.MA
TABLE OF CONTENTS'
"Programming and Porting For a 64-Bit Environmen~" (No manuscript sl1b~tted)
Chiistopher C. PiUmoie-GiDett, Digital Equipment Corporation
.
"64-Bit Computing As An Bnabler of New Al'Plications" (No manuscript submitted)
Mike Greenfield, Digital Equipment Cotporauon
.
ET-4:, Biomedical Engineering: ApplicadoDS of Nuclear Medldne, Magnetic
Resonance Imaging and Laser Systems to Patient Care .................................. 617
Organizer/ChaIrman:
Sam Fine, Northwestern UniversJty
.
Co-ChaJJ'DUlIl:
Harold Goldberg
II

Advances in Nuclear Medicine" (No manuscript submitted)

Alan Asharc. Chief. Division of Nuclear Medicine. St. Elizabeth Hospital~ Associate Professor,
Tufts Un:! ve:sity School of Medicine

"Fast Magnetic Resonance Imaging" (No manuscript submitted)
Michael Stehling, Beth Israel S-ospital/Hanrard Medical School
''''Lasers in Medicine and Surgery" (No manuscript submitted)
Rox Anderson, Massachusetts General Hospital; Associate Professor, Harvard MediCal School

IT·!: Advances ID Imaging For Medicine............................................. ,.................. 619
Organizer/Chairman: Sam Fine, Northeastern Un!verslty
itA New CT Scanner for Emerging Markets" .....................................
John ~cGregor Dobbs, Analogic Corporation

621
.

u ............... ,. •••••

"Computer Assisted Surgery With Magnetic Resonance Imaging" ................................. 629
Ron Kikinis. Director S~cal Planning Laboratory, Bingham & Women's Hospital/Assistant
Professor of Radiology, Harvard MediCal School .
"Positron Emission Tomogrnphy: Instrumentation and Applications" (No manuscript submitted)
John Correia. Massachusetts'General Hospital/Associate Professor of Radiology. Harvard
Medical School

ET..6: Biomedial Engineering .at the Industrial, Hospital and Federal LeveL .............633
Organizer/ChaJrman: Sam Fine, Northeastern University
"Clinical Engineering' at the New' Boston City Hospital" ..............................................635
James C. Piepenbrink. Director of Clinicnl. Engineering. Boston City Hospital

~~a~:~Wt~~~.~.~~.~~~.~~~.~~~~~~.~~.~~~~~............· 643
.........

Henry S. Eden. Associate Chief. Biomedical Enaineering and Instrumentation Program. National
Institutes of Henlth
.

DEFS0011373

Jill.

•.~ ( Electro-l@4)
, . . 'nfemafional

May 10· May 12. 1994
Boston, MA

TABLE OF. CONTENTS
"Medicn! Electronics in Clinical J?iafnostics: An Emerging Technology With Significant
Applications" (No manuscript subnutted)
.'
Michael ?elin. VP , System Development, I-Stat Corporation .
"Biomedical Engineering in The Hospital .. (No rnai'Ulscript submitted)

.

Daniel Raemer. Director, Biomedical Engineering;Bingham & Women's Hospital/Associate
ProCessor. Harvard Medical School
ET·7: Emerging Technologies: Special Topics ....................................................... 649
Organizer/Chairman: Sohan Hussaini, Cariger, Inc.

"Simple Bar Graph Displays for Control
Sohail Hussaini, Carlger, Inc.

Vari~bles

and Alarm Status" ............................. 651

"Herbie Busters" and Other Novel Methods to Optimize Assembly Equipment".................. 651
Murali Mani. Philips CFr·BriarcUff
"Electronic System Design Automation: Prom Product Idea To Gates ...............................663
David Jakopac. Vista Technologies. Inc.
"VLSI Implementation of Digital Compensators and Predicth'c PID Conuollers"....... ;:........610
Kanti Prasad. Senior Member IEEElAlex E. Raj. Teaching Assistant for VLSI Labs. Electrical.
Engineering Department. University of Massach~etts Lowell
.

MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
MP.l:Testin~

• From Chips to System ..................................................................689
Organizer: Gordon Robinson. GenRad, Inc.
Chairman: John Andrews, National Se~iconduetor

"An Embedded JTAG. Svstem Test Architecturc ...................................................... .69i
John Andrews. National Sen'iiconductor

"A New Technique Uses Digital Patterns to Diagnose Open Pins·· ..................................701
Michael Hamblin. GenRnd. Inc.
"I\, Chip To Embedded System Test Process" .... ~ .................................................... 12e
Joseph E. Kadru-a5. Mercury Computer Systems. Inc.

"BIST/BS : A "Ch nmplons . V·le\V ., .......................................... ,............................ .1,3,;
.
Richard L. C:unpbell. AT&T Engineering Rese:1I'Ch Center
"p rogrammmg Connectlons .or a PI e:'tl e T ~st S ystem .. ............................................. 744
.
.
f
'bl
•
YUchcle Chabot :lIla Lisa Gordon. G~nRad. Inc.
.
"\Vhy 11..\.9.1 (JTAG', Re:l.ily Wl)rks" ...................................................................14!

G,')rdon D. Robinson. GenRo.d. Inc.

DEFS0011374

( Electro·/~
.International

May 10 - May 12, 1994

Boston,MA

TABLE OF

coNTENTS

MP.2: Using The IEEE .1149.5 Module Test aDd MaIntenance BUs.......................... 755
Organizer/Chairman: Gordon Robinson, GeDrad, Inc. '
"IEEE Pl149.S Standard Module Test and MaintelUUlce Bus" ....................................... 757
Pat McHugh, US Army Research ~ry
"Interfacing IEEE 1149.1 To IEEE 1149.S" .......................................................... 768
Greg Youns. Texas Instruments
Pat McHugh. US Army Researcb Laboratory - EPSD

,

"An Application oftb.e IEEE 1149.5 MTM-Bus to The Boeing 777" (No manuscript sUbmitted)
. . .

Larry Bashaw t Honeywell

"The SAE Avionics Test and Maintenance Bus" (No manuscript submitted)
Dave Helligenstcln, Wesnar, Inc.

MP·3: ,Testability Techniques for Mul~I.Chip Mod1l1es •...••..•...:............................... 783
Organizer: Gordon Robinson, Genrad, Inc.
.
.
Chairman: Yenant Zorian, AT&T Laboratories
''The Effective Use of BIST and Boundary-Scan in Multi-Chip Module Testing" ................. 785'
Yervant
AT&T Laboratories

:zonan.

tlMul tichip Module Diagnosis" ............... .......................... ................... .... ...... ..... .... 793.
Prawar Nagvajara. Drexel University
"BISTIDFT for Performance Testing of Bare Dies and MCMs" ..................................... 803
Chih-Ang Chen and Sandeep K. Gupta., University of Southern California
MP.4:

MCM·s ........................ ,.............. ~ .•
Organizer: Daniel Bauks, Debur Corporation
Chairman: Steven K. Ladd, Interchlp Systems, Inc.

iIII . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

813

"Removal of Wire Bond Die Using a Three Step Process" ........................................... 815
Camille Proietti-Bowne. mM Microelectronics Division
"MCM . C4 Technologies: AU Bumped KOD" ........................................................ 820
Peter Elenius. IBM Microelectronics Division

"Advanced Pnckaging & Multichip Modules" (No manuscript submitted)
Steven K. Ladd. President. InterChip Systems, Inc.
"MCM C-4 Technologies: Rework of Wire Bonded Devices" (No manuscript submitted)
Dunnne Delfosse. VP. Circuitest Services. Inc.
"AU Bumped KGD" (No manuscript submitted)
Pete £lenius. Manufacturing Soiutions.lBM

DEFSOOl1375

( Electro·/@1J

In fernational

May 10· May 12, 1994
13oston, MA

TABLE OF CONTENTS
"C-4 Place and Join" (No manuscript submitted)
Scott Langenthal Manufacturing Solutions. mM
.
.
ItMCM Testing and Diagnostic ExPerience" (No manuscript submitted)
1ed Eastman, Manufacturing Solutions, IBM

MP .. 5: Thermal Management.... "
.................. "
.......... ,............................................... 827
Orlanizer: Daniel Bauks, Debur Corporation
'.
Chairman: Gary Kuzmln, Digital Products Group,. Aavid Engineering
"Oasis Cooling Packaging' Technology for Notebook Computers".................................. ,829

Gary Kuzmin, Digital Products Group, Aavid Engineering

"CVD Diamond Electronic' Packaging Applications" ..................... ~........................... 836
Grant Lu, Norton Diamond Film

"Diffuser Cooling Technology ror Electronic High-Density Packaging" ........................... 840
Douglas A. Bailey, Digital Equipment Corporation
.
"High Power Thick Fllm Circuitry on Pecos (porcelain Enamel Coating on Steel; Substrates)" ..847
Robert Field, Alan Genis. College of Engineering/Engineering Technology, Northern Winois
University - Presented by: Daniel Giesecke, Lawrence Gleason, Ohmite Manufacturing Co.
MP·6: Advanced Assembly In Packaling Techniques .............................................. 855
Organizer/Chairman: Daniel Baub, Debur Corporat.i9n.
.

"Glass Microwave IC Packaging Technology" ...................................................·
...... 857
Richard Perko, MlA·COM, Inc.
"Automated' Module Fabrication" ........................................................................ 863
Nils Bergstrom. Lockheed Sanders
.
"High Speed SMT Connector Technology" (No manuscript submitted)
Mark Rice, Regional Sales Manager. AUGAT, Interconnection ProdUCts Division

"Optimizing Signal Integ#t)1 in High Speed Board to Boarel Connections" (No manuscript
submitted)
Fabrizio Zanella, Signal Integrity Engineer. TERADi~'E. Inc., COMcction Sys,terns Division
MP·7: Polymer Joining Alternatlves ... , .............................. ~ ... "................................. BTl
Organizer: Daniel Bauks. Debur Corporation
Chairman: Ken Gilleo, Alpha Metals
"Session Over\'iew" (No manuscript submitted)
Bruce Murray, W.R. Grace

DEFSOOl1376

f' ElectroCl>/@(J
International

May 10· May 12, 1994
Boston,MA

TABLE OF CONTENTS

"The Use of Adhesive Technology in th.c Replacement of Solder for the ManufactUre of the New
Fiat SOO -Ignition Sy!tem" ............................. ;•.•••••.••••••............••..•.•••..•.......•...... 879
R. Barbieri. G. Coppari. Magneti Marelli Electronics DivisionID. Ruclland, Ablestik EM&A
Presented by: Aeran YoUtn, Ablestik Laboratories
"Successful Case Histories of Polymer Based Circuitry on Flexible Film Substrates"........... 88S
Roger A. Iannetta. Jr. Poly-Flex Circuits, Inc.
.
.
"Testing of Conductive Adhesives: IPC Activities" (No manuscript submitted)
Dick Thom~son, Loctite

DEFSOOl1377

'f Ele~trota/@t4J

. 'ntemat/ona'

'May 10 ... May 12, 1994
BostoD.MA

TABLE OF ,CONTENTS

VOLUME IV
(PS) CAREERS AND EDUCATION TRACK
CAREF;RSIEDUCAIIQN
CE·l: Career Planning for The 1990's - Panel (No manuscripts Submitted) .................... 891
Organizer: John A. Orr, Worcester Polytechnic Institute
Chairman: Leslie Gabriele, Gabriele " Graves

Bob Rivers. Bose Corporation
Matt Caruso. ChipCom Corponuion

CE·2: Accelerating Profitable Growth: A Winrdna Plan to Penetrate Global Markets'.. 893
Organizer: John A. Orr, Worcester Polytechnic Institute
.
Chairman: Tim McGarvey, Eclip.e 2000
"Accele~ting Profitable Growth: A Winning Plan to Penetrate Global Markets" .................. 895
Tim Mc03l\'ey, :Eclipse :moo

CE·3: Enaineering Careers In the 90's • Panel (No manuscriptS submitted) .................... 915
Organizer: John A. Orr, Worcester Polytechnic Institute
Chairman: Ed U. Lee. Digital Equipment Corporation
lohn Tro\'ers. Data Arts and Sciences
Sandy BradshZlw. Digital Equipment Corporation
Sally Silver. Sally Silver. Inc.
Deb Murphy. Prime Selections

CE.4: Integrating Diversity In the Workplace • Panel ........................................... 917
Organizer: John A. Orr, Worcester Polytechnic Institute
Chairman: Margaret King VonDuyne, One With One. Inc.
"Initiating l Diversitv Program: The Process and Its Rhsli:s and Returns" .......................... 919
Jane M. Donohue. Sterling Bnnk
"lntroducinsz Diyersitv Throueh Adult Internshios" ................................................... 930
Katherine B~Edwnrds. Coopers and Lybrand
.
"Engineers Incorporate Dh'crsity In Their Work" (No manuscript submitted)
Chris Sm.m. Engineer. Digit:l1 Equipment Corporntion
"~odel or' ~t:m:J.£!crs and Di\,ersit\· PeoDle Pairinll As P:ll'tners" ..~o m:musl!ript ~uhmmed I
Marg:J.tet King VanDuyne. One \~·ith l)nL'!. Inc. ...
.

DEFS0011378

( Electro-j@j(J
InternatIonal

May 10 .. May 12. 1994
BostOD.MA

TABLE OF CONTENTS
CE·!: InDovations In Electrical Engineering Education........................................... 935
Organizer/Chairman: John A. Orr, Worcester PolytecJmJc Institute

"A New Introductory Electrical Engineering Curriculum"........................................
John A. Orr, Wilhelm H. BggimanO t Worcester PolyteChnic Institute

937

"Incorporating Commercial Electronic Design Automation into Elec1lica1
and Computer Engineering Curriculum" .............. ............. ........ ...... .•.•. .......... .....
Rit Chiang, John Sifferlen and Tak-Goa Tsuei. Metr:imack College

942

"Engineering .Leadership Through Tradition and Innovation"..................................... 953
Edward N. Aqua and Arthur W. Winston. Gordon Institute of Tufts University .

DEFSOO1l379

CDMA for Cellular and PCS
Edward G. Tiedemann, Jr.
QUALCOMM Incorporated
San Diego, California USA
During the Fall of 1991, a large scale test
was conducted in San Diego. This test
showed that a CDMA system could provide
high quality and a capacity greater than ten
times the capacity of the existing AMPS
cellular system. In the Winter and Spring
of 1992, the Cellular Telecommunications
Industry Association (CTrA) conducted a
series of open forums on wideband
technologies. The CTIA also requested that
the Telecommunications Industry
Association (TIA) develop a wideband
standard.

Abstract

The Telecommunications Industry
Association [TIA) published the North
American cellular air interface standard
for CDMA cellular communications. IS95,1 in 1993 (I). The JoInt Technical
Committee (JTC) on Wireless Access,
fonned between TIA committee TR46 and
the Alliance for Telecommunication
Solution 2 lATIS) committee TI, is drafting
an IS-95 based standard for Personal
Communications Systems (PCS). The IS-95
standard supports data rates up to 9600 bps;
the PCS standard under development
supports rates to 14400 bps. Extensions to
the PCS standard which will support rates
up to 76.8 kbps have been proposed 131. nus
paper describes the hIstory of CDMA
development, varioUS CDMA cellular
standards. the PCS standards under
development. and the extended PCS system.

The first PCS operation of CDMA was in
Munster, Gennany in the Sprtng of 1992 at
1.7 GHz. This system consIsted of a
microcell eml;>edded inside and on the same
frequency as an umbrella macrocell. Since
then there have been numerous CDMA PCS
trials in the United States.
2. CeUular Standards

In March 1992. the TIA began the
development of the IS-95 wideband
standard for 800 MHz cellular radio
systems by forming TIA subcommittee
TR45.5. In July 1993. the TIA published
IS-95, titled Mobile Station-Base Station

1. Introduction

In the Fall of 1989. the first experiments
using cellular CDMA at 800 MHz were
conducted In San Dtego, California. Based
upon the success of these experiments, a
preliminary common air interface was
developed in conjunction with several
cellular carriers and manufacturers.

Compatibility Standard for Dual-Mode
Wide band Spread Spectrum CeUu[ar
System.

When using the traffic channel. IS-95
conSists of three protocol stacks (primary
traffic, secondary traffic, and signaling
traffic) which connect to the multiplex
sublayer as shown tn Figure 2-1. The
multiplex sublayer combines these streams
on a per frame basis (20 ms duration) in a
manner specified by the multiplex sublayer

1For shortness, this paper omits EIA/TIA or
TIA/EIA from the front of an interim standard's
number. Thus IS-95 is formally written as
TIA/EIA/IS-95.
2prevtously the Exchange Carriers Standards
Associa tlon.

283

DEFSOOl1380

rules.
Signaling for call setup,
registrations, short messages, and other
overhead functions are handled via a pair
of channels called the Paging and Access
Channels. 15-95 standardizes the basic
foundation of the system, consisting of
layer 1 (physical layer). the multiplex
sublayer, the traffic channel signaling
protocol stack, and the Paging Channel and
the Access Channel protocol stack.

In the IWF and Is allocated to a mobile
station on a per call basis.
15-98 and IS-97 are a pair of companIon
documents to IS-95 providing minimum
performance requirements for mobile
stations and base stations respectively.
These two documents provide a function
Similar to TIA standards IS-19 and IS-20
for analog and IS-55 and IS-56 for TDMA.
Minimum speech coder performance
requirements are specified In IS-125,
similar in scope to the 18-85 standard that
the TIA developed for TOMA.

The multiplex sublayer provides a set of
connections to which various service
options can be connected. The first service
option that TIA subcommittee TR45.5
developed is called Service Option 1 and is
vadable rate voice at rates of 8550, 4000,
2000, and 800 bps. This standard Is called
IS-96 and is titled Speech Service Option

A different TIA subcommittee, TR45.2, has
responsibility for intersystem operations
and has developed the IS-41 series of
standards. TR45.2 has recently completed
TSB-643 containing modifications for
COMA intersystem handoff.
These
modifications were needed to specIfy the
COMA channel assignment and to support
COMA mobile assisted handoff.

Standard Jor Wtdeband Spread Spectrum
Digital Cellular System

Thus the pair of documents IS-95 and IS-96
form the core standards for a cellular
system providing voice service. In scope
they are equivalent to other TIA standards,
notably EIA/TlA-553 for analog and IS-54B for TDMA. The TlA subcommittee TR45.5
is completing a data standard, 18-99, which
provides for asynchronous data and fax
communications over the COMA system.
For asynchronous data, the moblle station
resembles a wtrel1ne modem which
processes standard KAT' commands (see
EIA/TlA-602). For fax, the mobile station
resembles a group 3. class 2.0 digital fax
modem as standardized in EIA/TIA-592. A
notebook computer. POA, or other device
can connect to the mobile station via a
standard ElA-232 connection or can have
COMA transmission equipment embedded
in it, such as in a PCMClA card. For both
asynchronous data and fax, data Is
transferred digitally over the wireless link
between the mobile station and an
Interworking function (IWF) in the network
equipment. The wireline modem is located

3. Scope of IS-91S

IS-95 analog operation is compatible with
base stations conforming to EIA/TlA-553.
In addition. IS-95 analog operation
supports analog enhancements added into
IS-54-B such as calling number
identification. authentication, and
message encryption.
The basics of the IS-95 physical layer have
been described in [2] and. due to space, are
not repeated here. Unlike TDMA. the 18-95
standard Is being Introduced with a full set
of dIgital control channels. A single COMA
frequency can support up to 7 Paging
Channels. operating at either 4800 bps or
9600 bps, for communications from the
base station to the mobile station. Paging
Channels can also be included on different

3Technlcal Standards Bulletin Number 64.

284

DEFS0011381

I
1

I

CDMA frequencies. The Paging Channel Is
divided into slots of 80 ms duration. A
mobile station need only listen for pages in
its assigned slots. The base station can
Indicate that it has no more messages for
mobile stations operating in the slotted
mode, thus allowing these mobile stations.
typically portables, to power down early in
the slot further increasing battery life. For
a mobile staUon, the period of slot
repetition, called the slot cycle, is 0.08 x
2N+4 seconds where N is from 0 though 7.
The mobile station can select the period of
its assigned slots by registering with the
value of N that it is using. The mobile
station uses a series of three hash functions
to select the CDMA frequency to use. the
Paging Channel on the frequency. and the
slot in its specified slot cycle to monitor.
Similarly. the base statIon performs the
hashing to determine the frequency, Paging
Channel, and slot in which to send a page.

channel congestion control In cases of
overload.
15-95 supports authentication. message
encryption. and vOi~e privacy procedures
Similar to those used by IS-54-B. As a
result, the network's protocols can be
identical to those used to support 15-54-B
mobile stations.
4. PCS

In the fall of 1993. seventeen PCS air
interface standards proposals' were
submitted to the T1P1.4/TR46.3.3 Joint
Technical Committee (JTC) on Wireless
Access.
Proposals based on IS-95
modifications were submitted by.
Motorola/QUALCOMM (a joint proposaI).
AT&T. and OKl. Most of the seventeen
original proposals which advocated
similar technologies have consolidated
into one proposal. At this writing, eight
technology ad hoc groups (TAGSs) are
working on eight different PCS air
interface standards. It is expected that
several of these groups will drop out.

The control
channel used for
communications from the mobile station
to the base station is called the Access
Channel, is slotted, and uses a fixed 4800
bps rate. For each Paging Channel. a
system can be configured to support up to 32
Access Channels. Each Access Channel is
characterized by a different spreading code.
Before making an access. the mobile
station pseudo-randomly chooses one of
the Access Channels that the base station
supports. Multiple mobile stations can
transmit into the same slot on the same
Access Channel. Since transmissions on
the Access Channel having arrival times at
the base station separated by more than the
anticipated mulUpath spread can be
distinguished by the demodulator.
collisions In the Aloha sense are
infrequent. In addition, the base station
can have mobile stations randomize their
timing to further avoid collisions. 15·95
also supports backoff procedures for

The joint Motorola/QUALCOMM proposal
advocated a two phased approach to a
CDMA PCS air interface. The first phase
was to develop a core PCS system. This core
system would then be extended to obtain
even higher data rates as shown in Table
4-1.
The core system makes several key
modifications to the 16-95 system for the
1.8 to 2.2 GHz PCS band. One modification
provides support for a 14.4 kbps rate set.
This permits use of a voice codec with
quaUty Similar to 32 kbps ADPCM. In
addition. it allows higher rate data
services. Early deployments in the 1.8 GHz
to 2.2 GHz band will have to contend with
eXisting microwave systems, called OFS
(other fixed services). This is unlike the
cellular frequency band where the cellular

285

DEFS0011382

carriers have exclusive use of their
allocated spectrum. The proposed IS-95
based PCS standard has additional
capabilities for handling OF8.

Forward Traffic Channels assigned at 3S.4
kbps. Some of these 32 channels can also
be split; for example. there can be 16
channels assigned at 3S.4 kbps and 64
channels assigned. at 9600 bps. The
information carrying capacity of the
channel may limit the actual number of
aSSignments. For example. an IS-95 system
can support at least 20 Traffic Channels at
9600 bps using normal voice activities.
Assuming the same voice activities. 13
Traffic Channels could be supported using
the 1.25 mode at the 14400 bps rate.

Figure 4-1 shows a simplified view of the
modulation and coding for a Forward
Traffic Channel In 18-95 and the core PCS
system-the differences between them occur
In the convolutional encoder. For the 1200.
2400. 4800. and 9600 bps rates. a straight
rate 1/2 convolutional code is used. For
rates lower than 9600 bps. the
convolutional encoder repeats symbols so
that each symbol appears 8. 4. 2. or 1 times
for the 1200. 2400. 4S00. and 9600 bps rates
respectively. For thc lS00. 3600. 7200. and
14400 bps rates. the symbol repetition
output is punctured to produced an
equivalent of a rate 3/4 code. The output
rate of the convolutional encoder for all
rates is 19200 symbols per second.

The extended system proposes use of a 2.46
MHz spreading bandwidth for the 76.8 kbps
rates. To the first order, a spreading
bandwidth twice as wide allows for twice
the number of users. However. since there
are two of the original channels, the net
number of users is the same. A larger
bandwidth does allow some additional
capacity in that the statistical averaging of
the voice activity is somewhat better. For
the lower transmission rates. there is only
a small increase in capacity. However. at
higher rates. such as 76.8 kbps, this
capacity increase becomes more
substantial. For this reason, the extended
PCS system shifts to higher a spreading
bandwidth for 76.8 kbps. There are also
some disadvantages to having a wider
spreading bandwidth: First. avoidance of
the OFS (microwaves) becomes more
difficult.
Second. Wider spreading
bandWidths also make It more difficult or
impossible to support private systems such
as in office buildings. These first two
reasons are particularly true for the 10 MHz
(5 MHz for transmit and 5 MHz for receive)
wide spectral allocations in the 2.2 GHz
band. Third. wider bandwidths also lead to
more complex receivers as they must
recover additional multipath rays.
Finally. in-building multlpaths range from
about 10 to 100 ns. The FCC has not

Each forward channel is assigned to one of
a set of orthogonal covering codes. The
orthogonal covering codes are the set of 64~
ary Walsh functions. In the absence of
mulUpath. the transmissions from
different forward channels on the same
frequency from the same base station do
not interfere with each other.
The extended PCS system adds higher rates
via a technique called overlay encoding.
Overlay encoding adds additional
orthogonal channels in phase quadrature
to the existing channels and provides a
cleaver way of merging orthogonal
channels to obtain higher rates.
A
slmpltfied block diagram of the extended
system is shown in Figure 4~2. Note the
addItion of the overlay encoder block. The
overlay encoding process is illustrated In
Figure 4-3 for the 1.25 mode (1.23 MHz
bandwidth). This shows that as the peak
transmission rates increase on the
Forward Traffic Channel, then fewer codes
are available. For example. there can be 32

286

DEFSOOl1383

Industry Association. Washington,
D.C .. July 1993.

assigned sufficient bandwidth to PCS to
counteract the in-building fading by a
higher bandwidth system.

[2] Tiedemann. E. G., Salmasi. A.B .. and
Gilhousen. K.S .• "The Design and
Development of a Code Division
Multiple Access (COMA) System for
Cellular
and
Personal
Communications." IEEE International
Symposium on Personal. Indoor, and
Mobile Communications, London.
England. pp. 131-136. September 1991.

Since the Reverse COMA Channel is from
many mobile stations to a cell. the IS-95
Reverse COMA Channel has somewhat
different modulation and coding. Similar
techniques to those described above for the
Forward COMA Channel proVide for higher
rates on the Reverse COMA Channel. These
techniques and additional information on
IS-95 can be found in 11. 31.

[3] TIP1.4/TR46.3.3 Joint Technical
Committee on Wireless Access.
Contribution JTC(AIR)/94.11.0 1-404.
''The COMA PCS System Common Air
Interface Proposal." submitted by
gUALCOMM Incorporated and
Motorola Incorporated. November
1994.

5. References
11)

TIA/EIA/IS-95. Mobile Station-Base
Station Compatibility Standard Jor
Dual-Mode Wideband Spread Spectrum
Cellular System. Telecommunications

u~per

Upper Layers
(primary Traffic)

Layers

Layer 3 (Call Processngand Control)

( emndmy
TraMe)

La~r2

Layer 2
(Secondary
Trafflcl

La~r2

(Prlmmy n-affic)

(Signaling)

Multlplex Sub Dyer
(frafflcChannd)
~r

Layer 2
(Link Layer)
(Paging & Acre&e
Channels)

1 (Ph)6lcal Layer)

Figure 2-1. LayeriDg in the CDMA Standard

Table 4-1. Summary of the Cote and Extended pes System

Attrib.ute

Core System

Extended System

BandWidth

1.23 MHz

1.23 MHz U.25 mode)
2.46 MHz (2.5 mode)

Transmission
rates

14400.7200.3600,1800.9600.
4800.2400. &1200 bps

1.25 mode: adds 19.2 & 38.4 kbps
2.5 mode: also adds 76.8 kbps

Voice serviCe rates

4. 8. and 13 kbps

adds 16 and 32 kbps

Data service rates

All up to 14.4 kbps

1.25 mode: adds 19.2 & 38.4 kbps
1.25 mode: adds 76.8 kbps

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DEFSOOl1384

Walsh Code
Generator :--Power Con1rol Bits

L.-

Data:

---III- !convOlutional ~

1.2-14.4 kbps

Encoder

,

Block
Interieaver

,

JI\

Mux

.I

JI'\
4

~A

Spreading
Code
Generator

Long Code
Generator

'---

1.228BM cp

Figure 4-1. Simp'lified View of the Core System Forward Traffic Channel

Walsh Code
Generator

powercoc:

--

lConvolutional
Encoder! ~
Data:
1.2·76.8 !<bps Repetition

,

Mux f--

Block
Interieaver

•
"

-

Overlay
Encoder

I'

.... ,.Spreading
Code
Generator

Long Code
Generator

-

1.2288 Mcps

2.4576

Mcps

Figure 4·2. SimpHfied View of the Extended System Forward Traffic Channel

:1

i:I

1.23 MHz Spreading
Orthogonal Channels

32

64
128

'1

Data rate

38400

--

- - 19200
-

-

--

256

9600

4800

Figure 4-3. OVerlay Encoding on the Forward Traffic Channel

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