Apple Inc. v. Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd. et al

Filing 661

EXHIBITS re #660 Administrative Motion to File Under Seal Apple Inc.'s Notice of Motion and Motion for Partial Summary Judgment Exhibits to Mueller Declaration ISO Apple's Motion for Partial Summary Judgment [660-9] filed byApple Inc.(a California corporation). (Attachments: #1 Exhibit Mueller Decl Exhibit 2, #2 Exhibit Mueller Decl Exhibit 3, #3 Exhibit Mueller Decl Exhibit 4, #4 Exhibit Mueller Decl Exhibit 5, #5 Exhibit Mueller Decl Exhibit 6, #6 Exhibit Mueller Decl Exhibit 7, #7 Exhibit Mueller Decl Exhibit 8, #8 Exhibit Mueller Decl Exhibit 9, #9 Exhibit Mueller Decl Exhibit 10, #10 Exhibit Mueller Decl Exhibit 11, #11 Exhibit Mueller Decl Exhibit 12, #12 Exhibit Mueller Decl Exhibit 13, #13 Exhibit Mueller Decl Exhibit 14, #14 Exhibit Mueller Decl Exhibit 15, #15 Exhibit Mueller Decl Exhibit 16, #16 Exhibit Mueller Decl Exhibit 17, #17 Exhibit Mueller Decl Exhibit 18, #18 Exhibit Mueller Decl Exhibit 19, #19 Exhibit Mueller Decl Exhibit 20, #20 Exhibit Mueller Decl Exhibit 21, #21 Exhibit Mueller Decl Exhibit 22, #22 Exhibit Mueller Decl Exhibit 23, #23 Exhibit Mueller Decl Exhibit 24)(Related document(s) #660 ) (Selwyn, Mark) (Filed on 1/25/2012)

Mueller Exhibit 17

US007050410B1

(12) United States Patent

(lO) Patent No.: US 7,050,410 B1
(45) Date of Patent:
May 23, 2006

Kim et al.
(54)

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR
CONTROLLING A DEMULTIPLEXER AND A
MULTIPLEXER USED FOR RATE
MATCHING IN A MOBILE
COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

(75) inventors: Se-Hyonng Kim, Seoul (KR);
Min-Goo Kim, Suwon-shi (KR);
Beong-Jo Kim, Songnam-shi (KR);
Soon-Jae Choi, Songnam-shi (KR)

(73) Assignee: Samsnng Electronics Co., Ltd. (KR)
( * ) Notice:

Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
patent is extended or adjusted under 35
U.S.C. 154(b) by 620 days.

(21)

Appl. No.: 09/613,068

(22)

Filed:

Jnl. 10, 2000

Jul. 8, 1999
Jul. 23, 1999
Aug. 30, 1999

References Cited
U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
5,771,229 A *
5,881,109 A *
5,978,365 A *
6,061,820 A *

110

DATA

375/222
714/755
370/342
714/790
714/785

OTHER PUBLICATIONS
Japanese Office Action dated Dec. 9, 2003 issued in a
counterpart application, namely, Appln. No. 2001-509176.
Nortel Networks: "Proposal for Rate Matching for Turbo
Codes", 1999.
3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), "Multiplexing
and Channel Coding (FDD)", 1999.
Samsung Electronics Co., "Unified Rate Matching Scheme
for Turbo/Convolutional Codes and Up/Down Links", 1999.
(Continued)

(57)

(KR) ............................... 1999-27407
(KR) ............................... 1999-30095
(KR) ............................... 1999-37496

(51) Int. CI.
HO4B 7/216
(2006.01)
HO3M 13/03
(2006.01)
(52) U.S. CI ....................... 3701335; 370/342; 370/535;
375/240.27; 714/786; 714/790
(58) Field of Classification Search ................ 370/328,
370/536, 537, 542; 714/786, 790
See application file for complete search history.
(56)

7/2000 Gelblum et al .............
10/2001 Rowitch et al .............
6/2002 Park et al ...................
4/2003 Markarian el al ...........
9/2003 Williamson et al .........

Primary Examiner~Chau Nguyen
Assistw~t Examiner Soon D. Hyun
(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm Dilworth & Barrese LLP

Foreign Application Priority Data

(30)

6,088,387 A *
6,304,991 B1 *
6,400,703 B1 *
6,553,539 B1 *
6,615,387 B1 *

6/1998 Gavrilovich ................
3/1999 Kimet ~ ...................
11/1999 Yi ..............................
5/2000 Nakakita et al .............

370/342
375/298
370/331
714/751

120

ABSTRACT

A transmitting device including an encoder for receiving an
information bit stream in a frame and outputting an information symbol, a first parity symbol, and a second parity
symbol by encoding each information bit. An interleaver
sequentially arranges the information symbols and the first
and second parity symbols by rows in an array with an
integer number of rows and an integer number of columns.
The interleaver further outputs a plurality of radio frames in
a stream, by reading the symbols by going down each
column, starting at the leflmost column and proceeding
right. Each radio frame has a predetermined size. A demultiplexer demultiplexes the radio frames received from the
interleaver into streams of information, first parity symbols,
and second parity symbols. A rate matcher bypasses the
stream of information symbols and punctures the streams of
the first and second parity symbols for rate matching.
57 Claims, 24 Drawing Sheets

141

145

RADIO
FRAME

APLNDC-WH-A 0000014034

US 7,050,410 B1
Page 2

OTHER PUBLICATIONS
Samsung Electronics Co., "A Method to Classify the Interleaved Symbols of 1St MIL Interleaver Using Some Property", 1999.
Fujitsu & Siemens, "Universal Rate Matching Method for
Up/Downlink and Turbo/Convolutional Coding", 1999.

Nortel Networks, Optimum Rate Matching of Turbo/Convolutional Coding for 3 GPP Up/Down Links, 1999.
Nortel Networks, Analysis of Conmaonalities of Turbo Code
Puncturing Rate Matching Proposals, 1999.

* cited by examiner

APLNDC-WH-A 0000014035

U.S. Patent

May 23, 2006

Sheet 1 of 24

US 7,050,410 B1

APLNDC-WH-A 0000014036

U.S. Patent

May 23, 2006

Sheet 2 of 24

US 7,050,410 B1

APLNDC-WH-A 0000014037

U.S. Patent

May 23, 2006

Sheet 3 of 24

US 7,050,410 B1

110

01010011110 ,,,

TURBO |

,FNCODER|

FIG. 3

APLNDC-WH-A 0000014038

U.S. Patent

May 23, 2006

Sheet 4 of 24

US 7,050,410 B1

1 =tlNTERLEAVER INPUT(CODE RATE R--1/3)

91
97

94
103

100

112

109

106

118

115

127

124

121
130

136

133
142

145

~ 51

14.8
154

157

160

FIG. 4
APLNDC-WH-A 0000014039

U.S. Patent

May 23, 2006

Sheet 5 of 24

US 7,050,410 B1

IST INIERLEAVER OUTPUT WHEN Til=2Omsec (:CODE RATE=l/3)

139

6

106
124
136

FIG. 5A
APLNDC-WH-A 0000014040

U.S. Patent

May 23, 2006

Sheet 6 of 24

US 7,050,410 BI

IST INTERLEAVER OUTPUT WHEN TTl=4Omeec (CODE RATE=l/3)

73
133
11

71
119

107
1 ~3

:30

6
~2

102

75

FIG. 5B
APLNDC-WH-A 0000014041

U.S. Patent

May 23, 2006

Sheet 7 of 24

US 7,050,410 B1

IST INTERLEAVER OUTPUT WHEN TTI=BOmSEC(COOE RATE=I/3)
4.9
121

13
85
157
4,3
115
31
79
151
58

106
22
70
142

4

28

52
124-

~ 76

88
112

FIG. 5C
APLNDC-WH-A 0000014042

U.S. Patent

May 23, 2006

Sheet 8 of 24

US 7,050,410 B1

105
121

129

FIG. 6
APLNDC-WH-A 0000014043

U.S. Patent

May 23, 2006

Sheet 9 of 24

US 7,050,410 B1

1ST INIERLEAVER OUTPUT WHEN TTI--2Omsec (CODE RATE R=1/2)
1

3

5

7

9

11 ’

"13

15

17

19

21

23

25

27

29

31

33

35

37

39

41

43

45

*,7

49

51

53

55

57

59

61

63

65

67

69

71

73

75

77

79

81

83

85

87

89

91

93

95

97

99

101

103

105

107

109

111

113

115

117

t19

12t

123

125

127

129

131

133

135

137

139

141

14.3

145

147

149

151

153

155

157

159

FIG. 7A

APLNDC-WH-A 0000014044

U.S. Patent

May 23, 2006

Sheet 10 of 24

US 7,050,410 B1

1~T INTERLEAVER OUTPUT WHEN TTl=4Omsec (CODE RATE R=1/2)
1

5

9

13

17

21

25-

29

3,.3

37

41

4,5

4.9

5,5

57

51

65

69

73

77

111

85

89

93

97

101

105

109

113

117

121

125

129

! 33

137

14.1

14.5

!49

153

157

,:3

7

11

15

lg

23

27

31

35

39

43

47

51

55

59

63

87

71

75

79

83

87

91

95

gg

103

107

111

115

119

123

127

1.31

135

1.39

143

FIG. 7t3
APLNDC-WH-A 0000014045

U.S. Patent

May 23, 2006

Sheet 11 of 24

US 7,050,410 B1

1ST INTERLEAVER OUTPUT WHEN Tl"l=EOmsec (CODE RATE R=1/2)
9

17

25

33

4.1

4.9

57

65

73

B1

89

97

105

113

121

129

137

145

153

5

13

21

29

37

45

53

61

69

77

85

93

101.

109

117

125

133

141

"149

157

3

11

19

27

43

51

59

67

75

83

91

35
gg

107

115

123

131

139

147

155"

7

15

23

31

39

47

55

63

71

79

87

95

103 111 119

FIG. 7C

APLNDC-WH-A 0000014046

U.S. Patent

May 23, 2006

Sheet 12 of 24

TTI -- l Omsec

US 7,050,410 B1

RF
Y

X

Y
Z

FIG. 8A
TTI-~- 20msec

RF1

RF’2

x

y

y
x

z
y

z

x

Y

z

FIG. 8B
APLNDC-WH-A 0000014047

U.S. Patent

May 23, 2006

Sheet 13 of 24

US 7,050,410 B1

RF1 RF2 RF3 RF4
x z Y x

z

Y

x

z

x

~

)t

x

Y

x

z

Y

z

Y

x

z

FIG. 8C
TTI -- 80rrlsec

RF1RF2 RF3 RF4 RF5 RF6 RF7 RF8
y
y z
x
z
x
x y
z

x

y

z

x

Y

z

x

y

z

x

y

z

x

Y

z

x

Y

z

x

Y

z

x

Y

z

x

y

z

x

y

z

x

Y

z

x

Y

z

x

y

z

FIG. 8D
APLNDC-WH-A 0000014048

U.S. Patent

May 23, 2006

Sheet 14 of 24

US 7,050,410 B1

1ST INTERLEAVER INPUT WHEN TTI -- 80reset
x

Y

z

x

Y

z

x

z

x

y

z

x

y

z

X

y

z

x

y

z

x

Y

z

x

y

z

x

y

z

x

Y

z

x

Y

z

FIG. 9A
1ST INTERLEAVER OUTPUT
x

y

z

x

y

z

x

y

~

x

y

z

x

y

z

x

y

z

x

y

z

x

Y

z

x

Y

z

x

y

z

x

y

z

y

x

z

FIG. 9B

APLNDC-WH-A 0000014049

U.S. Patent

May 23, 2006

Sheet 15 of 24

US 7,050,410 B1

RADIO FRAME SEGMENTER OUTPUT (WITH FILLER BITS INSERTED)

FIG. 9C

APLNDC-WH-A 0000014050

U.S. Patent

May 23, 2006

Sheet 16 of 24

US 7,050,410 B1

1ST INTERLEAVER INPUT WHEN TTI = 40reset
y

Z

x

z

x

y

x

Y

Z

Y

z

x

z

x

y

FIG. IOA
1ST INTERLEAVER OUTPUT
x

z

y

x

Y

x

z

Y

z

Y

x

z

x

z

Y

x

Y

Y

Z

FIG.

10B
APLNDC-WH-A 0000014051

U.S. Patent

May 23, 2006

Sheet 17 of 24

US 7,050,410 B1

RADIO FREAME SEGMENTER OUTPUT (WITH FILLER BITS INSERTED)

FIG. IOC

APLNDC-WH-A 0000014052

U.S. Patent

May 23, 2006

Sheet 18 of 24

US 7,050,410 B1

1ST INTERLEAVI~R INPUT WHEN 131 = BOmsec
x

y

z

x

y

z

x

y

|

z

x

y

z

x

y

z

x

Y

z

.x

y

z

x

Y

z

z

x

Y

|

x

y

z

x

x

y

y

z

L

z

FIG.

llA

1 ST IN TERLEAVER OU TPU T

x

y

z

x

Y

z

x

Y

z

x

Y

z

x

Y

z

x

Y

z

x

y

z

x

y

z

x

y

z

x

y

= =,

xyz
z

y

x

z

FIG. 1 I.B
APLNDC-WH-A 0000014053

U.S. Patent

May 23, 2006

Sheet 19 of 24

US 7,050,410 B1

FIRST INTERLEAVER OUTPUT (WITH FILLER BITS INSERTED)
x

Y

z

x

Y

¯

x

y

z

x

y

z

x

y

z

x

Y

z

x

Y

z

x

y

z

x

y ~z
O Y

x

y

z

x

Y

O

x

0

z

0

z

FIG. 11C
RADIO FRAME SEGMENTEI;I( OUTPUT

FIG.

llD
APLNDC-WH-A 0000014054

U.S. Patent

May 23, 2006

Sheet 20 of 24

US 7,050,410 B1

1ST INTERLEAVER. INPUT ~rlEN TTI= BOmsec
x

y

z

x

Y

z

x

y

z

x

y

z

x

y

Z

x

y

z

x

Y

z

x

Y

z

x

y

z

x

y

z

x

y

z

x

y

z

FIG. 12A
1ST INTERLEAVER OUTPUT
x

y

z

x

y

z

xY

z

x

y

z

~

Y

zx

y

z

x

y

z

x

y

x

y

z

~

y

z

x

z

Y

x

y

z

FIG. 12B
APLNDC-WH-A 0000014055

U.S. Patent

May 23, 2006

Sheet 21 of 24

US 7,050,410 B1

RADIO FRAME SEGMENTER OUTPUT

FIG.

12C

APLNDC-WH-A 0000014056

U.S. Patent

May 23, 2006

Sheet 22 of 24

US 7,050,410 B1

APLNDC-WH-A 0000014057

U.S. Patent

May 23, 2006

Sheet 23 of 24

US 7,050,410 B1

APLNDC-WH-A 0000014058

COMPONENT DEMUX(~ 4-1)

142

COMPONENT MUX(145)

COMPONENT
FROM RADIO FRAME
SEGMENTAIIDN

RAIE MATCHED
RADIO FRAME

INITIAL
COMPONENT

210

CONTROLLER --TTI ----z, MEMORY

US 7,050,410 B1
1

2

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR
blocks of which size is determined by (the number of
CONTROLLING A DEMULTIPLEXER AND A encoded symbols)/(10), wherein 10 is the radio frame length
MULTIPLEXER USED FOR RATE
unit. A rate matcher 140 matches the data rate of a radio
MATCHING IN A MOBILE
frame received from the radio frame segmenter 130 to a
5 preset data rate by puncturing or repeating symbols of the
COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
radio frame. The above-described components can be proPRIORITY
vided for each service.
A MUX 150 multiplexes rate-matched radio frames from
This application claims priority to applications entitled each service. A physical channel segmenter 160 segments
"Apparatus and Method for Controlling Demultiplexer and 10 the multiplexed radio frames received from the MUX 150
Multiplexer for Rate Matching in Mobile Communication into physical channel blocks. A T’d interleaver 170 interSystem" filed in the Korean Industrial Property ONce on leaves the physical channel blocks received from the physiJul. 8, 1999 and assigned Ser. No. 99-27407, "Apparatus and cal channel segmenter 160. A physical channel mapper 180
Method for Controlling Demultiplexer and Multiplexer for maps the T’<interleaved blocks on physical channels for
Rate Matching in Mobile Communication System" filed in 15 transmission.
the Korean Industrial Property ONce on Jul. 23, 1999 and
As shown in FIG. 1, the UMTS uplink transmitting device
assigned Ser. No. 99-30095, and "Apparatus and Method for
is provided with rate matchers 140. The rate matcher 140
Controlling Demultiplexer and Multiplexer for Rate Match- varies in configuration depending on whether the channel
ing in Mobile Communication System" filed in the Korean encoder 110 is a convolutional encoder or a turbo encoder.
Industrial Property ONce on Aug. 30, 1999 and assigned 2o When a linear block code is used (a convolutional encoder
Ser. No. 99-37496, the contents of all of which are hereby and a single decoder are used in this case) for the channel
incorporated by reference.
encoder, the following requirements of rate matching should
be satisfied to increase data transmission efficiency and
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
system performance in a multiple-access/multiple-channel
25 scheme.
1. Field of the Invention
1. An input symbol sequence is punctured/repeated in a
The present invention relates generally to the rate matchpredetermined periodic pattern.
ing of a channel encoded signal, and in particular, to an
2. The number of punctured symbols is minimized
apparatus and method for controlling a demultiplexer (DE- whereas the number of repeated symbols is maximized.
MUX) and a multiplexer (MUX) used for rate matching. 30 3. A uniform puncturing/repeating pattern is used to
2. Description of the Related Art
puncture/repeat encoded symbols uniformly.
In general, radio communication systems, such as satelThe above requirements are set on the assumption that the
lite, ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network), W-CDMA error sensitivity of a code symbol at any position in one
(Wide band-Code Division Multiple Access), UMTS (Uni- frame output from a convolutional encoder is similar.
versal Mobile Telecommunication System), and IMT (Inter- 35 Although some favorable results can be produced using the
national Mobile Telecommunication)-2000 systems, chanabove requirements, a rate matching scheme different from
nel-encode source user data with an error correction code
the convolutional encoder should be employed when using
prior to transmission, in order to increase system reliability.
a turbo encoder because of the different error sensitivities of
Typical codes used for channel encoding are convolutional
symbols at different positions in one frame.
codes and linear blocks code for which a single decoder is 4o
When a turbo encoder is used, it is preferred that the
used. Lately, turbo codes, which are useful for data transsystematic information part of the encoded symbols is not
mission and reception, have been suggested.
punctured since the turbo encoder is a systematic encoder.
A multiple-access and multiple-channel communication Due to the two component encoder structure of the turbo
system matches the number of channel encoded symbols to
encoder, the minimum free distance of the output code is
a given number of transmission data symbols to increase 45 maximized when the minimum free distance of each of the
data transmission efficiency and system performance. This
two component codes is maximized. To do so, the output
operation is called rate matching. Puncturing and repetition
symbols of the two component encoders should be puncare widely performed to match the data rate of channel
tured equally to thereby achieve optimal performance.
encoded symbols. Rate matching has recently emerged as a
As described above, a distinction should be made between
significant factor in UMTS for increasing data transmission 5o the information symbols and the parity symbols in the
efficiency in the air interface and for improving system encoded symbols when a turbo encoder is used, to achieve
performance.
optimal rate matching. Processing, such as channel interFIG. 1 is a block diagram of an uplink transmitting device leaving, can be interposed between the turbo encoder and a
in a general mobile communication system (a UMTS sys- rate matcher. Nevertheless, the distinction between informa55 tion symbols and parity symbols should be preserved. Howtem, herein).
Referring to FIG. 1, a channel encoder 110 receives frame ever, this is impossible because all of the channel encoded
data at predetermined TTIs (Transmission Time Intervals)
symbols are randomly mixed after channel interleaving.
which may be 10, 20, 40, or 80 ms, and encodes the received
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
frame data. And the channel encoder 110 outputs encoded
symbols according to a predetermined coding rate R. The 6O
An object of the present invention is to provide an
frame data size (number of information bits) is determined
apparatus and method for performing rate matching sepaby a (data rate of the frame data)*(TTI). If tail bits are not
considered, the number of encoded symbols are determined
rately on information symbols and parity symbols during
by the (frame data size)*(coding rate R). A 1st interleaver
symbol encoding in an uplink transmitting device of a
120 interleaves the output of the channel encoder 110. A 65 mobile communication system.
radio frame segmenter 130 segments interleaved symbols
Another object of the present invention is to provide an
received from the 1st interleaver 120 into 10-ms radio frame apparatus and method for disposing a DEMUX before a rate

APLNDC-WH-A 0000014060

US 7,050,410 B1

3

4

matcher in order to separate symbol data into information
FIGS. 1DA, 10B, and 1DC illustrate VMnterleaver input,
symbols and parity symbols in a mobile communication
l~Mnterleaver output, and radio frame segmenter output
system.
according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. llA to liD illustrate lSqinterleaver input, 1~A further object of the present invention is to provide an
apparatus and method for controlling a DEMUX and a MUX 5 interleaver output, and radio frame segmenter output according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
for use in rate matching in an uplink transmitting device of
FIGS. 12A, 12B, and 12C illustrate VMnterleaver input,
a mobile communication system.
l~Mnterleaver output, and radio frame segmenter output
Still another object of the present invention is to provide
according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
an apparatus and method for controlling a DEMUX and a
MUX for use in the rate matching of a turbo-encoded signal 10 FIG. 13 is a block diagram of a DEMUX & MUX
controlling apparatus according to an embodiment of the
in an uplink transmitting device of a mobile communication
present invention;
system.
FIG. 14 is a block diagram of a DEMUX & MUX
To achieve the above and other objects, there is provided
controlling apparatus according to another embodiment of
a transmitting device in a mobile communication system. In
the preferred embodiments of the transmitting device, an 15 the present invention; and
FIG. 15 is a block diagram of a DEMUX & MUX
encoder receives an information bit stream in a frame as long
controlling apparatus according to yet another embodiment
as an integer multiple of a predetermined size and generates
of the present invention.
an information symbol and first and second parity symbols
by encoding each information bit. An interleaver sequenDETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE
tially arranges information symbols and the first and second 20
PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
parity symbols corresponding to each of the information
symbols row by row in an array having a number of rows
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be
and a number of columns. The number of rows and the
described hereinbelow with reference to the accompanying
number of columns in the array are both integers. The
interleaver reorders the columns according to a predeter- 25 drawings. In the following description, well-known functions or constructions are not described in detail since they
mined rule, reading the symbols down by column from left
would obscure the invention in unnecessary detail.
to right, and outputs a plurality of radio frames in a stream,
For rate matching, the UMTS uplink transmitting device
each radio frame having a size determined by L/(TTI/10
of FIG. 1 has rate matcher 140 that varies in structure
ms), where L is number of coded symbols. A demultiplexer
demultiplexes each of the radio frames received from the 30 depending on whether channel encoder 110 is a convolutional encoder or a turbo encoder, as stated before. When a
interleaver to the information symbols, the first parity symturbo encoder is used as the channel encoder 110 according
bols, and the second parity symbols of the radio frame. Rate
to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the
matchers bypass the information symbols and puncture or
rate matcher 140 is so constituted as to include a DEMUX
repeat the first and second parity symbols for rate matching.
35 141, component rate matchers 142, 143, and 144, and a
MUX 145, as shown in FIG. 2. The DEMUX 141 separates
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
the output symbols of the radio frame segmenter 130 into
information symbols and parity symbols and switches them
The above and other objects, features and advantages of
to the corresponding component rate matchers 142, 143, and
the present invention will become more apparent from the
40 144. The MUX 145 multiplexes symbols received from the
following detailed description when taken in conjunction
component rate matchers 142, 143, and 144 and feeds the
with the accompanying drawings in which:
multiplexed symbols to the MUX 150 of FIG. 1.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an uplink transmitting device
The uplink transmitting device shown in FIG. 2 is so
in a conventional mobile communication system;
constituted that the systematic information symbols of
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an uplink transmitting device
provided with a DEMUX and a MUX for rate matching, 45 encoded symbols is not punctured in view of the fact that a
turbo code is a systematic code. It is preferred that the two
according to the preferred embodiments of the present
component encoders are connected in parallel in the turbo
invention;
encoder and that the minimum free distance between final
FIG. 3 illustrates an example of turbo encoder input and
codes maximizes that of each component encoder. The
turbo encoder output in the uplink transmitting device of
50 consideration that the best performance can be achieved by
FIG. 2;
equal puncturing of the output symbols of the two compoFIG. 4 illustrates an example of lSt-interleaver input with
nent encoders is reflected in the constitution of the uplink
coding rate R 1B in the uplink transmitting device of FIG.
transmitting device in FIG. 2.
2;
According to the preferred embodiments of the present
FIGS. 5A, 5B, and 5C illustrate examples of lSMnter55 invention, the DEMUX 141 is located between radio frame
leaver output with R 1/3 in the uplink transmitting device of
segmenter 130 and component rate matchers 142, 143, and
FIG. 2;
144, while MUX 145 is located between component rate
FIG. 6 illustrates an example of l~Mnterleaver input with
matchers 142, 143, and 144 and MUX 150 in the uplink
R 1A in the uplink transmitting device of FIG. 2;
transmitting device.
FIGS. 7A, 7B, and 7C illustrate examples of lSt-inter- 60 In the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG.
leaver output with R 1/2 in the uplink transmitting device of
2, the DEMUX 141 and MUX 145 are synchronized with
FIG. 2;
each other such that the DEMUX 141 and MUX 145 switch
FIGS. 8A to 8D illustrate examples of radio frame segto the same rate matcher block (i.e., if DEMUX 141
menter output in the uplink transmitting device of FIG. 2;
switches to rate matcher 142 to input a symbol into the
FIGS. 9A, 9B, and 9C illustrate l~Mnterleaver input, 65 DEMUX 141, then MUX also switches to the rate matcher
l’~-intefleaver output, and radio frame segmenter output
142 after the input symbol has been rate matched to receive
according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
the rate matched symbol.).

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6

The turbo code used in turbo encoder 110 of F1G. 2 is a
F1G. 4 illustrates an example of Vt-interleaver input after
systematic code and, thusly, can be separated into a systemturbo-encoding 160 input bits at R 1B and the TT1 80 ms.
atic information symbol Xk and parity symbol Yk and Z~. For
in F1G. 4, a blank rectangle denotes a system information
turbo encoder 110, code rate R 1/3. Hereinafter, the systemsymbol x, a rectangle marked with slant lines denotes a first
atic information symbol will be labeled with x and the first 5 parity symbol y, and a rectangle marked black denotes a
second parity symbol z.
parity symbols with y and second parity symbols with z.
When R 1/3, the relationship between the input and output of
in F1G. 4, the 1~* interleaver 120 sequentially receives
the turbo encoder 110 is shown in F1G. 3.
code symbols 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10,..., 160 from the
Referring to F1G. 3, the turbo encoder output is a
turbo encoder 110. Each number represents an order of
sequence of an information symbol Xl, a first parity symbol 10 encoded symbol received from the turbo encoder 110. The
numbers also indicate the order by which each of the
Yl, a second parity symbol zl, an information symbol x2, a
first parity symbol Y2, a second parity symbol z2, an infornumbers has been received in the interleaver 120 (i.e., ’1’
mation symbol x3, a first parity symbol Y3, a second parity
has been received first by the interleaver 120, ’2’ has been
symbol z3, . . . in this order.
received second, etc.). Because of the nature of a turbo code,
The 1st interleaver 120 interleaves encoded symbols at a 15 the lS*-interleaver input follows the pattem of x, y, z, x, y, z,
TT1 (Transmission Time interval) according to the number
x,y, Z, . . . .
of input symbols, interleaving can be considered in two
F1G. 5A illustrates an example of VMnterleaver output
steps.
when R 1/3 and TT1 20 ms. Referring to F1G. 5A, the
VMnterleaver output sequence is 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17,
First Step
2o 19, . . . , 160 in an interleaved order in the pattern of x, z,
y, x, z, y, x, z, y, ....
1. The total number of colunms is determined referring to
F1G. 5B illustrates an example of Vt-interleaver output
Table 1 shown below.
when R 1B and TT1 40 ms. Referring to F1G. 5B, the
2. A minimum integer R~ is found in an equation given by
l~*-interleaver output sequence is 1, 5, 9, 13, 17, 21, 25, 29,
25 33, . . . , 160 in an interleaved order in the pattern of x, y,
KI<RIXCI
(1)
z, x, y, z, x, y, z ....
FIG. 5C illustrates an example of VMnterleaver output
where R~ is the number of rows, K~ is the length of the input
when R 1B and TT1 80 ms. Referring to FIG. 5C, the
block (total encoded symbols), and C~ is the number of
l~t-interleaver
17, 25, 33, 41, 49, 57,
columns, wherein the number of columns C1 is 1, 2, 4 or 8 30 65, . .., 160 inoutput sequence is 1, 9,in the pattern of x, z,
an interleaved order
according to TTls.
y, x, z, y, x, z, y ....
3. The input symbols of the VMnterleaver are sequenF1G. 6 illustrates an example of VMnterleaver input after
tially arranged by rows in an rectangular array having R~
turbo encoding 160 input bits at code rate R 1½ and TT1 80
rows and C~ columns.
ms. When TTI=10 ms, the 1st
-interleaver input is identical to
35 the Vt-interleaver output, in F1G. 6, a blank rectangle
Second Step
denotes a system information symbol x and a rectangle
marked with black dots denotes a parity symbol y.
1. Columns are reordered according to an inter-column
in F1G. 6, the 1~* interleaver 120 sequentially receives
permutation pattern {P,(j)}j 0, 1,..., C-l) shown in Table
encoded symbols 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, . . ., 160 from
1. P~(j) represents the original column of a j*~’ permuted 4o
the turbo encoder 110. Each number represents an order of
column and the pattern is derived by a bit reverse method.
encoded symbol received from the turbo encoder 110.
in the bit reverse method, the binary bit sequence of each
Because of the nature of the turbo code, the VMnterleaver
number is reversed, e.g., 00-~00, 01-~10, 10-~01, and
input follows the pattern of x, y, x, y, x, y, ....
11-~11, as shown by the 40 ms TT1 row in Table 1.
45 F1G. 7A illustrates an example of l~*-interleaver output
when R 1/2 and TT1 20 ms. Referring to F1G. 7A, the
TABLE 1
l~*-interleaver output sequence is 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17,
TTI
Total number of columns inter-colmml permutation patterns
19,..., 159, 2, 4, 6, 8,..., 160 in an interleaved order. The
first half {1, 3, 5, . . . , 159} of the interleaver output is
10 ms
1
{0}
20 ms
2
{0, 1}
5o information symbols x, and the last half {2, 4, 6, . . ., 160}
40 ms
4
{0, 2, 1, 3}
is parity symbols y. That is, the information symbols are
80 ms
8
{0, 4, 2, 6, 1, 5, 3, 7}
followed by the parity symbols in the Vt-interleaver output.
F1G. 7B illustrates an example of V*-interleaver output
2. The VMnterleaver output is a sequence resulting from
when R 1½ and TT1 40 ms. Referring to F1G. 7B, the
reading the permuted RlxC~ array by columns. Bits that do 55 1s*-interleaver output sequence is 1, 5, 9, 13, ..., 155, 159,
not exist in the Vt-interleaver input are excluded from
2, 6, 10, 14, . . . , 156, 160 in an interleaved order. The first
outputting by eliminating 11 defined as
half {1, 5, 9, 13, . . . , 159} of the interleaver output is
information symbols x, and the last half {2, 6, 10, 14, . . .,
XCI-K
I1 ]~i
(2)
1
156, 160} is parity symbols y. That is, the information
By interleaving using Eqs. 1 and 2, the 1"~ interleaver 120 6o symbols are followed by the parity symbols in the 1~*interleaver output.
outputs interleaved symbols in a similar pattern as a turbo
encoder output pattem, that is, in the pattern of x, y, z, x, y,
F1G. 7C illustrates an example of V*-interleaver output
z, . . . (or x, z, y, x, z, y, . . . with parity symbols z and y
when R 1½ and TT1 80 ms. Referring to F1G. 7C, the
exchanged in position).
l~t-interleaver output sequence is 1, 9, 17, 25,..., 127, 135,
When TT1 is 10 ms, the number of columns C~ is 1. 65 143,151,159, 2, 10, 18,..., 144, 152, 160 in an interleaved
Therefore, the 1s~ interleaver input and the 1s~ interleaver
order. The first half {1, 9, 17, 25,..., 143,151, 159} of the
output are identical.
interleaver output is information symbols x, and the last half

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{2, 10, 18, ..., 144, 152, 160} is parity symbols y. That is,
The purpose of using the component rate matchers 142,
the information symbols are followed by the parity symbols
143, and 144 of FIG. 2 is to increase the data transmission
in the lSt-intedeaver output.
efficiency and improve system performance in a multipleaccess/multiple-channel system using the above-described
The intedeaver outputs shown in FIGS. 5A, 5B, and 5C
are given on the assumption that an intedeaver size (160) 5 channel encoding mechanism. Rate matching refers to control of input bit number to output bit number through
is an integer multiple of TTI/10 ms ( 1, 2, 4, or 8). In case
puncturing when the input size is larger than the output size
an interleaver size is not an integer multiple of TTI/10 ms,
or repetition when the input size is smaller than the output
a different lSMntedeaver output is produced.
size. The symbol puncturing or repetition is generally perThe radio frame segmenter 130 of FIG. 2 segments a
frame of 10, 20, 40, or 80 ms into 10-ms radio frame blocks. 10 formed periodically but the following should be considered
for rate matching when a turbo code is used.
Because the ratio (L/T) of an input frame size (L) to the TTI
1. Because the turbo code is a systematic code, a system(T TTI/10 ms) of an input frame is not always an integer,
atic information symbol part of encoded symbols should be
the number (r) of filler bits is calculated by Eq. 3 to
excluded from puncturing.
compensate for L/T with the filler bits (L is in units of bits
or symbols). Here, T {1, 2, 4, 8}. If the input frame size 15 2. The minimum free distance between final codes preferably maximizes that of each component encoder since two
(number of coded symbols) of the first intedeaver is an
component encoders are connected in parallel in a turbo
integer multiple of TTI/10 ms, the filler bit is not needed
encoder by definition of a turbo code. Therefore, the output
(~0). If the TTI is 20 ms and the input frame size is not an
symbols of the two component encoders should be equally
integer multiple of 2(TTI/10 ms), the number of filler bits r
is 1. If the TTI is 40 ms and the input frame size is not an 20 punctured to achieve optimal performance.
In the rate matching structure shown in FIG. 2, rate
integer multiple of 4, the number of filler bit r can be 1, to
matching is implemented separately for each component rate
3. If the TTI is 80 ms and the input frame size is not an
matcher. The first, second, and third component rate matchinteger multiple of 8, the number of filler bits can be 1 to 7.
ers 142, 143, and 144 subject an information symbol x, a first
The (L+r)/T value resulting from the filler bits is defined as
25 parity symbol y, and a second parity symbol z, respectively,
R(number of row).
to rate matching. According to a given input and output
r T-(L rood T) where r ~{0, 1, 2, 3 ....
T-l}.
(3)
sizes, each rate matcher performs puncturing/repetition on a
predetermined number of symbols. This rate matching strucRi (Li+rO/]"~
(4)
ture is built on the assumption that the DEMUX 141 outputs
30 x, y, z, separately. Hence, the DEMUX 141 should be able
Ifr is not 0, the radio frame segmenter 130 inserts a filler
to separate a radio frmne received from the radio frame
bit into the last bit position of a corresponding frame from
~’ radio frame in order to maintain a radio frame segmenter 130 into symbols x, y, z in a certain order.
a (T-r+l)
A description of radio frame output patterns of the radio
size of R. The filler bit is arbitrarily chosen as a 0 or 1. Now
frame segmenter 130 will be given. Radio frames are read
a description will be made of the bit-basis operation of the 35
down by colurruls and each colurrul corresponds to a radio
radio frame segmenter 130.
frame.
For description of bits prior to processing in the radio
FIG. 8A illustrates an output pattern of the radio frame
frame segmenter 130, it is assumed that the number of filler
segmenter 130 when R 1B and TTI 10 ms. Referring to
bits r has been calculated. Here, t represents the index of a
FIG. 8A, a radio frame output pattern is identical to a radio
radio frame, ranging from 1 through T (1 -<t_<T). t 1 for the 4o frame input pattern, that is, x, y, z, x, y, z, . . . .
first radio frame, t 2 for the second radio frame, and
FIG. 8B illustrates an output pattern of the radio frame
similarly, t T for the last radio frame. Each radio frame is
segmenter 130 when code rate R 1B and TTI 20 ms.
the same size (L+r)/T. It is assumed that the l~Mnterleaver
Referring to FIG. 8B, a first radio frame RF #1 is output in
output is bl, b2 ..... bL, T ( TTI/10 ms) {1, 2, 4, 8}, and
the pattern of x, z, y, x, z, y, . . . and a second radio frame
the radio frame segmenter output symbols are Cl, c2, . . . , 45 RF #2 is output in a radio frame pattern of..., x, y, x, z,
c(L+~9/r in a 10-ms frame. Then,
y, x, z, . . . . The output patterns correspond to the output
from the Vt interleaver shown in FIG. 5A.
TABLE 2
FIG. 8C illustrates an output pattern of the radio frame
segmenter 130 when R 1B and TTI 40 ms. Referring to
output symbols of the radio frame segmenter for the first 10 msec: t = 1
50 FIG. 8C, a first radio frame RF #1 is output in the pattern
cj=bj
j = 1,2 ..... (L+r)/T
output symbols of the radio frame segmenter for the second 10 msec: t =
of..., x, y, z, x, y, z,..., a second radio frame RF #2 in
2
the pattern of..., z, x, y, z, x, y, . . ., a third radio frame
j = 1, 2, . . . , (L + r)/T
Cj = b(i+(L+lg/~r)
RF #3 in the pattern of .... y z, x, y, z, x ..... and a fourth
radio frame RF #4 in the pattern of... , x, y, z, x, y,
55 z,.... The output patterns correspond to the output from the
a’ 10 msec:
output symbols of the radio frame segmenter for the (T - r)
Vt interleaver shown in FIG. 5B.
t = (T - r)
FIG. 8D illustrates an output pattern of the radio frame
cj = b(i+(~r r ~)(I~+r~/~r j = 1, 2, . . . , (L + r)/T
ourput symbols of the radio frame segmenter for the (T - r + 1)a’
segmenter 130 when R 1B and TTI 80 ms. Referring to
10 msec: t = (T - r + 1)~’
FIG. 8D, a first radio frame RF #1 is output in the pattern
Cj = b(j+(T r)(L+r)/T)
j = 1, 2, . . . , (L + r)/T - 1
60 of..., x, z, y, x, z, y,..., a second radio frame RF #2 in
cj = fillerbit (0/1)
j = (L + r)/T
the pattern of..., y, x, z, y, x, z, . . ., a third radio frame
RF #3 in the pattern of..., z, y, x, z, y, x,..., a fourth radio
frame RF #4 in the pattern of..., x, z, y, x, z, y,..., a fifth
output bits of the radio frame segmenter for the T 10 msec: t = T
radio frame RF #5 in the pattern of... , y, x, z, y, x,
Cj = b(j+(T I)(L+r)/T)
j = 1, 2, . . . , (L + r)/T - 1
65 z,..., a sixth radio frame #6 in the pattern of..., z, y, x,
cj = fillerbit (0/1)
j = (L + r)/T
z, y, x, a seventh radio frame RF #7 in the pattern of...,
x, z, y, x, z, y, ..., and an eighth radio frame RF #8 in the

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pattern of... , y, x, z, y, x, z, . . . . The output patterns
Although filler bits are inserted, radio frames may have
correspond to the output from the 1st interleaver shown in
the same initial symbols as those in the filler bit-free case.
An example of such a case using three filler bits for TTI 40
FIG. 5C.
Output patterns of the radio frame segmenter 13D have a
ms will be described.
certain regularity. Each radio frame pattern with the same 5
FIGS. 1DA and 1DB illustrate l~Mnterleaver input, 1s~TTI has a different initial symbol x, y, or z but has the same
interleaver output, and radio frame segmenter output accordsymbol repeating pattern. For TTIs 10 ms and 40 ms,
ing to the first embodiment.
symbols are repeated in the pattern of... , x, y, z, x, y,
If the input of the 1s~ interleaver 12D for TTI 40 ms is
z,..., and for TTIs 20 ms and 80 ms, symbols are repeated
given in FIG. 1DA, it is interleaved by columns according to
in the pattern of x, z, y, x, z, y, ....
10 an interleaving rule of the 1~t interleaver 12D as shown in
The radio frames in the above cases are free of a filler bit.
FIG. 1DB. The resulting VMnterleaver output (i.e., the radio
This is because the input size is an integer multiple ofTTI/10
segmenter input) is x, y, z, x, y, z, z, x, y, z, x, y, z, x, y, z,
ms. When filler bits are to be inserted, radio frames have
x, y, z, x, y. The output of the radio frame segmenter
different patterns from the above-described patterns. The
shown in FIG. 1DC results from adding filler bits to the radio
first through fourth embodiments as described below pertain 15 frame segmenter input.
to insertion of filler bits.
The filler bits are 0s. Symbols in the array of FIG. 1DC are
read column by colunm and each column represents one
FIRST EMBODIMENT
radio frame. As shown in FIG. ll)C, each radio frame has a
different initial symbol but follows the same symbol repetiFIGS. 9A, 9B, and 9C illustrate lSt-interleaver input, 2o tion pattern of... , x, y, z, . . . . That is, the radio frames
l~Mnterleaver output, and radio frame segmenter output
have the same initial symbols in this filler bit inserting case
according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
~ interleaver 12D for TTI 80 ms is as those in the filler bit-free case.
If the input of the 1
The initial symbol of each radio frame is determined by
given in FIG. 9A, it is interleaved by columns according to
a TTI and
~ interleaver 12D, as shown in segmenter the number of filler bits added by the radio frame
an interleaving rule of the 1
25
131). Herein below, initial symbols in all possible
FIG. 9B. Then, symbols are read down each column starting
cases will be described. Tables 3 to 6 list initial symbols for
from the left to the right column in the array of FIG. 9B. The
TTIs 10, 20, 40, and 80 ms, respectively, when the radio
resulting VMnterleaver output (i.e., the radio segmenter
frame segmenter 13D outputs radio frames RF#1, RF #2, RF
input) is x, z, y, x, z, y, x, z, y, z, y, x, z, y, x, z, y, x, y, x,
#3, RF #4, RF #5, RF #6, RF #7, and RF #8 sequentially.
z, y, x, z, y, x, z, x, z, y, X, z, y, x, z, y. The output of the 30
radio frame segmenter 13D results from adding filler bits to
TABLE 3
the radio frame segmenter input.
In the first embodiment, the filler bits are 0s. In the first
TTL = 10 ms
embodiment of the present invention, the radio frame segInitial symbol of
meuter 13D outputs the symbols received from the inter- 35
total number of filler bits
RF #1
leaver 12D in a such way that the all of the filler bits are
0
x
placed towards the end of the last row, as shown in FIG. 9C.
In FIG. 9B, the last positions in the second, fourth, sixth and
eight columns are empty. Instead of filling those positions
with filler bits, the next symbol coming after the empty 40
TABLE 4
position is used to fill the empty position. For example, to fill
the last position in the second column, the ’z’ symbol from
TTL = 20 ms
the first position in the third column is moved in to the empty
Initial symbol of
position in the second column. The position previously
occupied by the ’z’ symbol is now occupied by the ’y’ 45
total number of filler bits
RF #1
RF #2
symbol which came after the ’z’ symbol in the third column.
0, 1
X
y
Basically the positions of the symbols have been pushed up
by one position. This process is repeated to fill the empty
position in the fourth column, and so on. However, the last
In Table 4, since the 1"~ interleaver 120 leaves the columns
positions in the last four columns (i.e., column #5, 6, 7 and 5o intact, positions are not changed when one filler bit is used.
8) are filled with the filler bits so that the filler bits are
Consequently, the initial symbols are the same as those in
pushed towards the end of the last row, as shown in FIG. 9C.
the filler bit-free case.
Symbols in the array of FIG. 9C are read column by column
and each column represents one radio frame. As shown in
TABLE 5
FIG. 9C, each radio frame has a different initial symbol but 55
follows the same symbol repeating pattern of x, z, y, except
TTL = 40 ms
for radio frames 4 and 6 because of the position shifting.
Initial s,/mbol of
However, the repeating patterns for the radio frames 4 and
6, which are shown below in Table 15, can be used. The
total number of filler bits
RF #1
RF #2
RF #3
RF #4
patterns in the radio frames follow the predetermined repeat- 60
0, 1,3
x
z
y
x
ing patterns shown in Table 15 except for the tail ends of
2
x
z
z
x
certain radio frames. In those cases, the tail ends are ignored
and treated as if the tail ends follow the predetermined
repeating patterns shown in Table 15 and are rated matched
When one or three filler bits are used, the number of
according to the predetermined repeating patterns. That is, 65 symbols in each column before interleaving is equal to that
the radio frames have different initial symbols in the filler bit
of symbols in the column of the same index after interleavinserting case, as compared to the filler bit-free case.
ing. Therefore, the initial symbols are the same as those in

APLNDC-WH-A 0000014064

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12

the filler bit-free case. If two filler bits are used, the number
of symbols in each column before interleaving is different
from that of symbols in the column of the same index after
interleaving. Therefore, the initial symbols are different
from those in the filler bit-free case.
TABLE 6
TTL = 80 ms

0, 1, 7
2, 3
4
5, 6

x
x
x
x

RF
#2

RF
#3

y
y
y
y

z
z
y
y

TABLE 7

10

initial symbol of

total number RF
of filler bits
#1

and 80 ms, respectively, when the radio frame segmenter
130 outputs radio frames RF#1, RF #2, RF #3, RF #4, RF #5,
RF #6, RF #7, and RF #8 sequentially. The initial symbols
of the radio frames in the second embodiment are independent of the total number of the filler bits, as shown below;
however, in the first embodiment, the initial symbols of the
radio frames are dependent on the total number of the filler
bits.

TTI = 10 ms

RF RF RF RF RF
#4
#5
#6
#7
#8
x
x
z
z

Y
X
Z
X

z
y
y
z

x
z
z
x

y
y
y
y

initial symbol of

RF #1

When one or seven filler bits are used, the number of
symbols in each column before interleaving is equal to that 2o
of symbols in the column of the same index after interleaving. Therefore, the initial symbols are the same as those in
the filler bit-free case. If two, three, four, five, or six filler
bits are used, the number of symbols in each column before
interleaving is different from that of symbols in the column 25
of the same index after interleaving. Therefore, the initial
symbols are different from those in the filler bit-free case.
As noted from the above tables, symbols are repeated in
the pattern of x, y, z, x, y, z, for TTIs 10 ms and 40 ms,
whereas symbols are repeated in the pattern of x, z, y, x, z, 3o
y, for TTIs 20 ms and 80 ms.
Therefore, given a TTI and the number of filler bits to be
inserted by the radio frame segmenter 130, the DEMUX 141
demultiplexes l St-interleaver output in the above-described
nlallller.

x

15

TABLE 8
TTI = 20 ms
initial symbol of
RF #1

RF #2

X

y

TABLE 9
TTI = 40 ms

initial symbol
RF #1

RF #2

RF #3

RF #4

X

z

y

x

35

SECOND EMBODIMENT

TABLE 10
TTI = 80 ms

FIGS. llA to llD illustrate lSt-interleaver input, 1stinitial symbol of
interleaver output, and radio frame segmenter output accord- 40
ing to a second embodiment of the present invention. The
RF
RF
RF
RF
RF
RF
RF
RF
second embodiment is different from the first embodiments
#1
#2
#3
#4
#5
#6
#7
#8
in that filler bits are inserted by the 1 st interleaver 120 instead
X
y
z
x
y
z
x
y
of the radio frame segmenter 130. Instead of pushing the
filler bit positions to the end of the last row, as in the first 45
As noted from the above tables, symbols are repeated in
embodiment (i.e., FIG. 9C), the interleaver 120 fills the
the pattern of x, y, z, x, y, z, for TTIs 10 ms and 40 ms,
empty positions with filler bits, as shown in FIG. llC. In
whereas symbols are repeated in the pattern of x, z, y, x, z,
terms of initial symbols and repeating patterns, this case is
y, for TTIs 20 ms and 80 ms.
the same as the typical filler bit-free case.
If the input of the 1st interleaver 120 for TTI 80 ms is50
Therefore, given a TTI, the DEMUX 141 demultiplexes
given as in FIG. llA, it is interleaved by columns according
VMnterleaver output in the above-described manner.
to an interleaving rule of the 1st interleaver 120 as shown in
THIRD EMBODIMENT
FIG. llB. Then, filler bits are inserted to the array of FIG.
llB as shown in FIG. llC. Here, the filler bits are 0s.
Therefore, the lSt-interleaver output, i.e., the radio frame 55 FIGS. 12A, 12B, and 12C illustrate VMnterleaver input,
segmenter input is a sequence of x, z, y, x, z, y, z, y, 0, z, y,
lSMnterleaver output, and radio frame segmenter output
according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
x, z, y, x, z, y, x, 0, y, x, z, y, x, z, y, x, z, 0, x, z, y, x, z, y,
x, z, y, 0. The output of the radio frame segmenter 130 is
The third embodiment is different from the second embodishown in FIG. llD.
ments in that a controller (host) designates filler bit insertion
The symbols in the array of FIG. llD are read down by 6o positions and the radio l?ame segmenter 130 inserts the filler
column from left to right and each column is a radio frame.
bits in the designated positions. In terms of initial symbols
and repeating patterns, this case is the same as the typical
As shown in FIG. llD, each radio frame follows the same
repeating pattern of x, z, y with a different initial symbol. As
filler bit-free case.
noted from FIGS. llA to liD, the initial symbols are the
If the input of the 1s~ interleaver 120 for TTI 80 ms is
same as those in the general filler bit-free case.
65 given in FIG. 12A, it is interleaved by columns according to
The initial symbol of each radio frame is determined by
an interleaving rule of the 1"t interleaver 120 as shown in
a TTI. Tables 7 to 10 list initial symbols for TTIs 10, 20, 40,
FIG. 12B. Therefore, the lSMnterleaver output, i.e., the radio

APLNDC-WH-A 0000014065

US 7,050,410 B1
13

14

frame segmenter input is a sequence of x, z, y, x, z, y, x, z,
y, z, y, x, z, y, x, z, y, x, y, x, z, y, x, z, y, x, z, x, z, y, x, z,
y, x, z, y. A controller (host) designates filler bit insertion
positions and then the radio frame segmenter 130 inserts the
filler bits in the designated positions as shown in F1G. 12C. 5
in this embodiment, the filler bits are 0s. The symbols in
the array of F1G. 12C are read down column by column from
left to right and each column is a radio frame. As shown in
F1G. 12C, each radio frame follows the same repeating 10
pattern of x, z, y with a different initial symbol. As noted
from F1GS. 12A, 12B, and 12C, initial symbols are the same
as those in the general filler bit-free case.
The initial symbol of each radio frame is determined by 15
a TT1. Tables 11 to 14 list initial symbols for TTls 10, 20,
40, and 80 ms, respectively, when the radio frame segmenter
130 outputs radio frames RF#1, RF #2, RF #3, RF #4, RF #5,
RF
#1
RF #6, RF #7, and RF #8 sequentially. The initial symbols
of the radio frames in the third embodiment are independent 2o x
of the total number of the filler bits, as shown below.

TABLE 13
TTL - 40 ms

initial symbol
RF #1

RF #2

RF #3

RF #4

X

z

y

x

TABLE 14
TTL = 80 ms
initial symbol of
RF
#2

RF
#3

RF
#4

RF
#5

RF
#6

RF
#7

RF
#8

y

z

x

y

z

x

y

As noted from the above tables, symbols are repeated in
the pattern of x, y, z, x, y, z, for TTls 10 ms and 40 ms,
25 whereas symbols are repeated in the pattern of x, z, y, x, z,
y, for TTls 20 ms and 80 ms.
Given a TT1, the DEMUX 141 demnltiplexes lSt-interleaver output in the above-described manner.

TABLE 11
TTI = 10 ms
initial symbol of
RF #1
x

30 Returning to F1G. 2, the DEMUX 141 demultiplexes a
radio frame received from the radio frame segmenter 131)
into its symbols x, y, z, according to a switching rule. The
switching rule is deternlined by a TT1 and the number of
filler bits used by the radio frame segmenter 131) in the first
35 embodiment and a TTI in the second and third embodiments.
The symbols are repeated in a certain pattern. The repeating
patterns for the embodiments are tabulated in Tables 15 and
16. in the tables, N/A indicates "not applicable".

TABLE 12
TTI = 20 ms
initial symbol of
RF #1

RF #2

X

y

TABLE 15
For First Embodiment
total number

Switching rules (repeating patterns)

TTI

of filler bits

RF #1

RF #2

RF #3

RF #4

RF #5

RF #6

RF #7

RF #8

10 ms
20 ms
40 ms

0
0, 1
0, 1, 3
2
0, 1,7
2, 3
4
5, 6

x, y, z
x, z, y
x, y, z
x, y, z
x,z,y
x, z, y
x, z, y
x, z, y

N/A
y, x, z
z, x, y
z, x, y
y,x,z
y, x, z
y, x, z
y, x, z

N/A
N/A
y, z, x
z, x, y
z,y,x
z, y, x
y, x, z
y, x, z

N/A
N/A
x, y, z
x, y, z
x,z,y
x, z, y
z, y, x
z, y, x

N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
y,x,z
x, z, y
z, y, x
x, z, y

N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
z,y,x
y, x, z
y, x, z
z, y, x

N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
x,z,y
z, y, x
z, y, x
x, z, y

N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
y,x,z
y, x, z
y, x, z
y, x, z

80 ms

TABLE 16
For Second aald Third Embodiments
Switching rules (repeating patterns)
TTI

RF #1

RF #2

RF #3

RF #4

RF #5

RF #6

RF #7

RF #8

10 ms
20 ms
40 ms
80 ms

x,y,z
x,z,y
x,y,z
x,z,y

N/A
y,x,z
z,x,y
y,x,z

N/A
N/A
y,z,x
z,y,x

N/A
N/A
x,y,z
x,z,y

N/A
N/A
N/A
y,x,z

N/A
N/A
N/A
z,y,x

N/A
N/A
N/A
x,z,y

N/A
N/A
N/A
y,x,z

APLNDC-WH-A 0000014066

US 7,050,410 B1
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16

If two filler bits are used for TTI 40 ms in the first and
second embodiments, the switching patterns in the DEMUX
141 are x, y, z, x, y, z for the first radio frame, z, x, y, z, x,
y for the second radio frame, z, x, y, z, x, y for the third radio
frame, and x, y, z, x, y, z for the fourth radio frame.
In the second and third embodiments, the initial symbol of
each radio frame only needs to be given because the repeating patterns are already predetermined based on the TTI.
However, in the first embodiment, the total number of the
filler bits also needs to be given in addition to the other
information. Tables 17 19 reflect that difference between the
embodiments.

the DEMUX 141 and the MUX 145 based on the initial
symbol and a repeating/puncturing pattern determined by
the TTI. The DEMUX 141 separates the current radio frame
symbols into input for the corresponding component rate
matchers and the MUX 145 multiplexes the output symbols
of the rate matchers to a radio frame. Here, the DEMUX 141
separates an information symbol, a first parity symbol, and
a second parity symbol from a radio frame stream received
from the radio frame segmenter 130. The component rate
matchers 142, 143, and 144 rate match the information
symbol, the first parity symbol, and the second parity
symbol from the DEMUX 141, respectively, by puncturing

10

TABLE 17
For First Embodiment

Initial symbol of

total number
TTI

of filler bits

RF #1

RF #2

RF #3

RF #4

RF #5

RF #6

RF #7

RF #8

10 ms
20 ms
40 ms

0
0, 1
0, 1, 3
2
0, 1, 7
2,3
4
5,6

x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x

N/A
y
z
z
y
y
y
y

N/A
N/A
y
z
z
z
y
y

N/A
N/A
x
x
x
x
z
z

N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
y
x
z
x

N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
z
y
y
z

N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
x
z
z
x

N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
y
y
y
y

80 ms

TABLE 18
For Second aald Third Embodiments
initiN symbol of
TTI

RF #1

RF #2

RF #3

RF 84

RF #5

RF #6

RF #7

RF #8

10 ms
20 ms

x,y,z
x,z,y

N/A
y,x,z

N/A
N/A

N/A
N/A

N/A
N/A

N/A
N/A

N/A
N/A

N/A
N/A

40 ms
80 ms

x,y,z
x,z,y

z,x,y
y,x,z

y,z,x
z,y,x

x,y,z
x,z,y

N/A
y,x,z

N/A
z,y,x

N/A
x,z,y

N/A
y,x,z

TABLE 19
Repeating Pat~ erns
TTI
10 ms, 40 ms
20 ms, 80 ms

45

Repeating patterns
. . . , x, y, z, x, y, z, . . .
. . . , x, z, y, x, z, y, . . .

50
Referring to FIG. 2 again, the MUX 145 multiplexes three
streams received from the component rate matchers 142,
143, and 144 to one stream, to thereby generate a ratematched radio frame with the same symbol pattern as before
rate matching. Because this MUX 145 is the counterpart of 55
the DEMUX 141, it switches according to the same switching patterns.
FIG. 13 is a block diagram of a DEMUX and MUX
controlling apparatus according to the first embodiment of
the present invention.
60
Referring to FIG. 13, upon receipt of a TTI, the total
number of the filler bits, and a radio frame length from the
host 200, the controller 210 feeds the TTI, the total number
of the filler bits, and the radio frame index of a current radio
frame to the memory 220 (see Table 17) and receives the 65
initial symbol of the current radio frame from the memory
220. The controller 210 controls the switching operations of

or repetition. The component rate matcher 142 just bypasses
the received information symbols without real puncturing,
whereas the component rate matchers 143 and 144 puncture
the received parity symbols according to a preset pattem
which is determined by the ratio of the number of input
symbols to the number of output symbols. In most of the real
cases, the component rate matchers 143 and 144 just bypass
the received parity symbols without real repetition except
heavy repetition of the encoded symbols, whereas the component rate matcher 142 repeats the received information
symbols according to a preset pattern determined by the
ratio of the number of input symbols to the number of output
symbols.
The MUX 145 multiplexes the symbols received from the
component rate matchers 142, 143, and 144 to one stream
according to the same switching pattern as used in the
DEMUX 141.
FIG. 14 is a block diagram of a DEMUX and MUX
controlling apparatus according to the second embodiment
of the present invention.
Referring to FIG. 14, upon receipt of a TTI and a radio
frame length from the host 200, the controller 210 feeds the
TTI, the total number of filler bits, and the radio frame index
of a current radio frame to memory 220 (see Table 17) and
receives the initial symbol of the current radio frame from
memory 220. The number of filler bits is determined by the

APLNDC-WH-A 0000014067

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18

controller 210 based on the TTI and the frame length in the
As described above, the present invention is advantageous
same manner as used in the radio frame segmenter. Then, the
in that effective rate matching can be performed by adding
controller 210 controls the switching operations of the
a DEMUX before a rate matching unit to separate an
DEMUX 141 and the MUX 145 based on the initial symbol
information symbol and parity symbols of the encoded
and a repeating/puncturing pattern determined by the TTI. 5 symbols when the information symbol is not to be punctured
The DEMUX 141 separates the current radio frame symbols
for rate matching in an uplink transmitter in a mobile
into component rate matchers input and the MUX 145
communication system.
multiplexes the output symbols of the rate-matchers to a
While the invention has been shown and described with
radio frame. Here, the DEMUX 141 separates an informareference to certain preferred embodiments thereof, it will be
tion symbol, a first parity symbol, and a second parity 10 understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in
symbol from a radio frame stream received from the radio
form and details may be made therein without departing
frame segmenter 130.
from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the
The component rate matchers 142, 143, and 144 rate
appended claims.
match the information symbol, the first parity symbol, and
What is claimed is:
the second parity symbol from the DEMUX 141, respec- 15 1. An uplink transmitting device in a mobile communitively, by puncturing or repetition. The component rate
cation system, comprising:
an encoder for receiving a first information bit stream and
matcher 142 just bypasses the received information symbol
without real puncturing, whereas component rate matchers
for outputting three streams, a second information bit
stream, a first parity stream, and a second parity stream,
143 and 144 puncture the received parity symbols according
to a preset pattern determined by the ratio of the number of 2o
by encoding the first information bit stream;
input symbols to the number of output symbols. In most of
an interleaver for interleaving the encoded streams by a
the real cases, the component rate matchers 143 and 144 just
predetermined interleaving rule;
bypass the received parity symbols without real repetition
a radio frame segmenter for receiving the interleaved
except heavy repetition of the encoded symbols, whereas the
stream from the interleaver and mapping the received
component rate matcher 142 repeats the received informa- 25
interleaved stream onto at least one consecutive radio
tion symbols according to a preset pattern determined by the
frame;
ratio of the number of input symbols to the number of output
a demultiplexer for separating each of the at least one
symbols. The MUX 145 multiplexes the symbols received
radio frames received from the radio frame segmenter
from the component rate matchers 142, 143, and 144 to one
into a third information bit stream, and first and second
stream according to the same switching pattern as used in the 30
parity streams from the demultiplexer; and
DEMUX 141.
a rate matcher for bypassing the third information bit
FIG. 15 is a block diagram of a DEMUX and MUX
stream and for puncturing a part of the first and second
controlling apparatus according to the third embodiment of
parity streams from the demultiplexer according to a
the present invention.
given rate matching rule.
Referring to FIG. 15, upon receipt of a TTI and a radio 35 2. The transmitting device of claim 1, wherein the interframe length from the host 200, the controller 210 feeds the
leaved stream is mapped onto consecutive radio frames
TTI and the radio frame index of a current radio frame to
when a transmission time interval (TTI) is longer than 10
memory 220 (see Table 18) and receives the initial symbol
ms.
of the current radio frame from memory 220. Then, the
3. The transmitting device of claim 1, wherein the transcontroller 210 controls the switching operations of the 4o mission time interval (TTI) is one of 10, 20, 40, and 80 ms.
DEMUX 141 and the MUX 145 based on the initial symbol
4. The transmitting device of claim 1, wherein the interand a repeating/puncturing pattern determined by the TTI.
leaving rule is a bit reverse method.
The DEMUX 141 separates the current radio frame symbols
5. The transmitting device of claim 1, wherein an arrangeinto input for the component rate matchers and the MUX
ment of information bits and parity bits in each of the at least
145 multiplexes the output symbols of the rate matchers to 45 one radio frames has a regular pattern.
a radio frame. Here, the DEMUX 141 separates an infor6. The transmitting device of claim 2, wherein the conmation symbol, a first parity symbol, and a second parity
secutive radio frames have initial bits determined by the
symbol from a radio frame stream received from the radio
TTI.
frame segmenter 130. The component rate matchers 142,
7. The transmitting device of claim 5, wherein the demul143, and 144 rate match the information symbol, the first 5o tiplexer separates bits of the radio frame into the third
parity symbol, and the second parity symbol from the
information bit stream, and the first and second parity
DEMUX 141, respectively, by puncturing or repetition. The
streams from the demultiplexer according to the regular
component rate marcher 142 just bypasses the received
pattern.
information symbol without real rate puncturing, whereas
8. The transmitting device of claim 7, further comprising:
component rate matchers 143 and 144 puncture or repeat the 55 a memory for storing initial symbols of the consecutive
received parity symbols according to a pattern preset deterradio frames; and
mined by the ratio of the number of input symbols to the
a controller for controlling the demultiplexer according to
number of output symbols. The MUX 145 multiplexes the
the regular pattern and the stored initial bits of the at
symbols received from the component rate matchers 142,
least one radio frames.
143, and 145 to one stream according to the same switching 6o
9. The transmitting device of claim 8, further comprising:
pattern as used in the DEMUX 141. In most of the real cases,
a multiplexer for multiplexing the outputs of the rate
the component rate matchers 143 and 144 just bypass the
matcher under a control of the controller.
received parity symbols without real repetition except heavy
10. The transmitting device of claim 1, wherein the
repetition of the encoded symbols, whereas the component
interleaver interleaving the encoded stremns at a TTI (Transrate matcher 142 repeats the received information symbols 65 mission Time Interval) after inserting filler bits into the
according to a preset pattern determined by the ratio of the
encoded streams in order to equalize a size of the at least one
number of input symbols to the number of output symbols.
radio frames.

APLNDC-WH-A 0000014068

US 7,050,410 B1

19

20

11. The transmitting device of claim 1, wherein the rate
22. The transmitter device of claim 12, wherein the
matcher comprises:
encoder is a turbo encoder.
23. A method of transmitting in a mobile communication
a first component rate matcher for rate-matching the
information bits;
system, the method comprising the steps of:
receiving an information bit stream transmitted at a prea second component rate matcher for rate-matching the 5
first parity bits; and
determined transmission time interval (TTI);
encoding the information bit stream and outputting the
a third component rate matcher for rate-matching the
encoded information bit stream and at least one type of
second parity bits.
parity stream corresponding to the information bit
12. A transmitting device in a mobile communication
10
stream, a number of the parity streams corresponding to
system, comprising:
a coding rate of an encoder;
an encoder for receiving an information bit stream transinterleaving the information bit stream and the parity
mitted at a predetermined transmission time interval
stream and outputting the interleaved stream;
(TTI) and for outputting the information bit stream and
dividing the interleaved stream into at least one radio
at least one type of parity stream by encoding the
frame and outputting the at least one radio frame, each
information bit stream in accordance with a coding rate 15
of the at least one radio frame having a predetermined
of said encoder;
time frame;
an interleaver for receiving the information bit stream and
demultiplexing the received radio frame back into the
the at least one type of parity stream from the encoder,
information bit stream and at least one type of parity
for interleaving the information bit stream and the at
stream; and
least one type of parity stream and for outputting 20
rate matching the demultiplexed streams by a rate
interleaved stream;
matcher;
a radio frame segmenter for receiving the interleaved
wherein parity bits in the radio frame are switched to a
stream from the interleaver, for dividing the received
component rate marcher corresponding to each of the at
stream into radio frames, and for outputting the radio
25
least one parity stream, said component rate marcher
frames in sequence;
having at least one parity component rate marcher for
a demultiplexer for receiving the radio frames and for
rate matching a part of said at least one parity stream,
demultiplexing the received radio frames back into the
a number of the at least one parity component rate
information bit stream and the at least one type of parity
matcher being equal to a number of the at least one
stream; and
parity stream.
a rate matcher for rate matching the streams received from
24. The method of claim 23, wherein bits of the at least
the demultiplexer and outputting rate matched streams,
one radio frame are separated to the component rate matcher
said rate matcher having at least one component rate
by the demultiplexer in accordance with a regular pattern for
matcher for rate matching a part of the parity stream, a
arranging information bits and parity bits in each radio
number of the at least one component rate matcher
35 frame.
being equal to a number of the parity streams,
25. The method of claim 24, wherein the regular pattern
wherein the demultiplexer switches each of the parity bits
is determined by the TTI.
in the radio frames to said at least one component rate
26. The method of claim 25, wherein the regular pattern
matcher corresponding to each of the parity bits.
is further determined by the coding rate.
13. The transmitter device of claim 12, wherein bits of the
27. The method of claim 23, further comprising the step
radio frame are separated to the at least one component rate 4o
of."
matcher corresponding to each type of parity stream in
multiplexing the rate matched streams by synchronizing
accordance with a regular pattern for arranging information
the multiplexing with the demultiplexing by switching
bits and parity bits in each radio frame.
to the corresponding component rate matcher.
14. The transmitter device of claim 13, wherein the 45 28. The method of claim 23, wherein the predetermined
regular pattern is determined by the TTI.
length of the radio frame is 10 ms.
15. The transmitter device of claim 14, wherein the
29. The method of claim 23, wherein the TTI is one of 10,
regular pattern is further determined by the coding rate.
20, 40 and 80 ms.
16. The transmitter device of claim 12, further compris30. The method of claim 23, wherein the coding rate is 1/3.
ing:
50
31. A transmitting device in a mobile communication
a multiplexer for multiplexing the rate matched streams
system, comprising:
by switching outputs of the at least one component rate
an encoder for receiving an information bit stream transmatcher.
mitted at a predetermined transmission time interval
17. The transmitter device of claim 16, further compris(TTI) and for outputting the information bit stream and
ing:
55
at least one kind of parity stream corresponding to the
a controller for controlling the switching of the demultiinformation bit stream in accordance with a coding rate
plexer and the multiplexer based on at least one of the
of said encoder;
TTI and the length of each of the radio frames.
an interleaver for receiving the information bit stream and
18. The transmitter device of claim 12, wherein a length
the parity stream from the encoder, for interleaving the
of each of the radio frames is 10 ms.
60
information bit stream and the parity stream, and for
19. The transmitter device of claim 12, wherein the TTI
outputting an interleaved stream;
is one of 10, 20, 40 and 80 ms.
a demultiplexer for receiving the interleaved stream and
20. The transmitter device of claim 12, wherein the coding
for demultiplexing the received interleaved stream
rate is 1~.
back into the infomlation bit stream and the at least one
21. The transmitter device of claim 13, further comprising 65
kind of parity stream; and
a memory for storing the regular pattern including an initial
a rate matcher for rate matching the information bit
symbol corresponding to each of the radio frames.
stream and the at least one kind of parity stream

APLNDC-WH-A 0000014069

US 7,050,410 B1
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22

44. The method of claim 41, further comprising the step
received from the demultiplexer, wherein said rate
matcher includes at least one component rate matcher
of:
for rate matching a part of the at least one kind of parity
multiplexing the output bits of the rate matching step by
stream, and a number of the component rate matcher is
synchronizing the multiplexing with the demultiplexequal to a number of the at least one kind of parity 5
ing by switching in the rate matcher.
stream,
45. The method of claim 41, wherein a length of at least
wherein the demultiplexer switches bits in the interleaved
one of the information bit stream and the interleaved stremn
stream to the component rate marcher corresponding to
is 10 ms.
each of the at least one kind of parity stream.
46. The method of claim 41, wherein the TTI is one of 10,
32. The transmitter device of claim 31, wherein the 10 20, 40 and 80 ms.
demultiplexer switches each of the bits of the interleaved
47. The method of claim 41, wherein the coding rate is 1/3.
stream to the at least one component rate matcher in accor48. A mobile communication system, comprising:
dance with a regular pattern for arranging information bits
an encoder for receiving an information bit stream and for
and parity bits in the interleaved stream.
outputting three encoder output streams, an information
33. The transmitter device of claim 32, wherein the 15
bit stream, a first parity stream, and a second parity
regular pattern is determined by the TTI.
stream, by encoding the information bit stream;
34. The transmitter device of claim 32, further comprisan interleaver coupled to the encoder for performing an
ing:
interleaving operation according to a predetermined
a multiplexer for synchronously multiplexing output bits
interleaving rule;
of the at least one component rate matcher by synchro- 20
a radio frame segmenter for receiving an interleaved
nizing with the demultiplexer.
stream from the interleaver and mapping the inter35. The transmitter device of claim 34, further comprisleaved stream onto at least one radio frame;
ing:
a demultiplexer for separating the at least one radio frame
a controller for controlling the demultiplexer and the
received from the radio frame segmenter into three
25
multiplexer based on the regular pattern.
demultiplexer output streams; and
36. The transmitter device of claim 31, wherein a length
a rate matcher for bypassing an information bit stream
of at least one of the information bit stream and the interfrom the demultiplexer and for puncturing a part of a
leaved stream is 10 ms.
first and second parity streams from the demultiplexer
37. The transmitter device of claim 31, wherein the TTI
according to a given rate matching rule.
is one of 10, 20, 40 and 80 ms.
49. The system of claim 48, wherein the interleaved
38. The transmitter device of claim 31, wherein the coding
stream is mapped onto consecutive radio frames when a
rate is 1A.
transmission time interval (TTI) is longer than 10 ms.
39. The transmitter device of claim 33, further comprising:
50. The system of claim 48, wherein the interleaver
a memory for storing the regular pattern including an 35 performs the interleaving operation at a TTI (Transmission
initial symbol corresponding to the interleaved stream.
Time Interval), after inserting filler bits into an output of the
40. The transmitter device of claim 31, wherein the
encoder, in order to equalize a size of the at least one radio
encoder is a turbo encoder.
frames.
41. A method of transmitting in a mobile communication
51. The system of claim 48, wherein the rate matcher
system, the method comprising the steps of:
40 comprises:
receiving an information bit stremn at a predetermined
a first component rate matcher for rate-matching the
transmission time interval (TTI);
information bit stream from the demultiplexer;
encoding the information bit stream and outputting the
a second component rate matcher for rate-matching the
encoded information bit stream and at least one kind of
first parity stream from the demultiplexer; and
parity stream corresponding to the information bit 45
a third component rate matcher for rate-matching the
stream in accordance with a coding rate of a encoder;
second parity stream from the demultiplexer.
interleaving the information bit stream and the parity
52. A method for transmitting data in a mobile commustream and outputting an interleaved stream;
nication system, the method comprising:
demultiplexing the interleaved stream back into the inforencoding an information bit stream corresponding to a
mation bit stream and the at least one kind of parity 5o
coding rate of an encoder and outputting the informastream; and
tion bit stream, a first parity stream, and a second parity
rate matching the demultiplexed streams by a rate
stream;
matcher, said rate matcher including at least one comperforming an interleaving operation with an interleaver
ponent rate matcher for rate matching a part of said at
coupled to the encoder;
least one kind of parity stream;
55
mapping an interleaved stream from the interleaver onto
wherein bits in the interleaved stream are switched to at
at least one radio frame and outputting the at least one
least one parity component rate matcher corresponding
radio frame;
to each of the at least one kind of parity stream, a
performing an demultiplexing operation with a demultinumber of the at least one parity component rate
plexer and outputting an inlbrmation bit stream of the
matcher being equal to a number of the at least one 6o
demultiplexer, and a first parity stream of the demulparity stream.
tiplexer, and a second parity stream of the demulti42. The method of claim 41, wherein the bits of the
plexer; and
interleaved stream are separated in accordance with a regular pattern for arranging information bits and parity bits in
bypassing the information bit stream of the demultiplexer
the interleaved stream.
65
and puncturing a part of the first and second parity
43. The method of claim 42, wherein the regular pattern
stream from the demultiplexer according to a given rate
is determined by the TTI.
matching rule.

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23

24

53. The method of claim 52, wherein the interleaved
means for separating the at least one radio frame into a
stream is mapped onto consecutive radio frames when a
separate information bit stream, a first separate parity
transmission time interval (TTI) is longer than 10 ms.
stream, and a second separate parity stream; and
54. The method of claim 52, wherein the interleaving
means for bypassing the separate information bit stream
operation is performed at a TTI (Transmission Time Inter- 5
and for puncturing a part of the first and second
val), after inserting filler bits into an output of the encoder,
separate parity streams according to a given rate matchin order to equalize a size of the at least one radio frame.
ing rule.
55. A mobile communication system, comprising:
56. The system of claim 55, wherein the interleaved
means for receiving an information bit stream and for
stream is mapped onto consecutive radio frames when a
outputting an output stream including an information 10
transmission time interval (TTI) is longer than 10 ms.
bit stream, a first parity stream, and a second parity
57. The system of claim 55, wherein the interleaving
stream, by encoding the information bit stream;
operation is performed at a TTI (Transmission Time Intermeans for performing an interleaving operation in
val), after inserting filler bits into the output stream, in order
response to the output stream and outputting an interleaved stream;
15 to equalize a size of the at least one radio frame.
means for creating at least one radio frame in response to
the interleaved stream;

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