Mirror Worlds, LLC v. Apple, Inc.

Filing 150

CLAIM CONSTRUCTION BRIEF filed by Apple, Inc.. (Attachments: #1 Affidavit, #2 Exhibit A, #3 Exhibit B, #4 Exhibit C - Part 1, #5 Exhibit C - Part 2, #6 Exhibit C - Part 3, #7 Exhibit C - Part 4, #8 Exhibit C - Part 5, #9 Exhibit C - Part 6, #10 Exhibit C - Part 7, #11 Exhibit C - Part 8, #12 Exhibit D, #13 Exhibit E, #14 Exhibit F, #15 Exhibit G - Part 1, #16 Exhibit G - Part 2, #17 Exhibit G - Part 3, #18 Exhibit G - Part 4, #19 Exhibit G - Part 5, #20 Exhibit H)(Cherensky, Steven)

Mirror Worlds, LLC v. Apple, Inc.

Doc. 150 Att. 8

PATENT APPLICATION SERIAL NO.

------

~~/287108

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE FEE RECORD SHEET

050 H~,?a/la/9~·Oa2al1~

1 101 -'J,B5'~OO
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(5/87)

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04860.P624C IN

m~~~STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE

Rf:C~;;~/pFf. l.f"~JC/ U
8fp D9 ; ; ; .

In Re Application of:

GRoJ /rJ;

'4

Richard Mander, et al. Serial No.: 081287,108 Filed: August 8, 1994 For: METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR
ORGANIZING INFORMATION IN A

COMPl.ITER SYSTEM INFORMATION DISCLOSURE STATEMENT Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks W a s h i n g t o n , D.C. 20231 Sir: P u r s u a n t to 37 C.P.R. 1.97, Applicant hereby provides a listing on PTO F o r m 1449 of references and encloses a copy of the references cited on the above referenced form. P u r s u a n t to 37 C.P.R. § 1.97, this information disclosure statement is being submitted under 37 C.P.R. § 1.97(e) because each item of information contained in the information disclosure statement was cited in a communication from a foreign patent office in a counter part.foreign application not more than three months prior to the filing date of the statement. While this statement is being submitted as a means to comply with 37 CPR 1.97, it is not to be construed as an admission that the material identified above represents prior art to Applicant's invention. Very truly yours, BLAKELY, SOKOLOFF, T A Y L O R & Z A F M A N

Date:

S:trt.

I

,1994

~31, 195 ~ Reg. No.

U~

12400 Wilshire Blvd. Seventh Floor Los Angeles, CA 90025 [phone]
I hereby certify that this correspondence is being deposited with the United States Postal Service as first class mail with sufficient postage in an envelope addressed to the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks, Washington, D.C. 20231 on September 1 1994 Date of Deposit

?:;;it":0n
Signature

M M " " , Correspondence

---...L.J"-L.-L-!........f----

9 / 1 (CJY
Date

724 FH 202 APMW0025513

'~l'lWtl ~O/
Form PTO-1449 (REV. 8-83)

-~<'

u.s. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
PATENT AND T R A D E M A R K OFFICE

ATTY. DOCKET NO.

04860.P624C
APPLICANT

I
I

Sheet
SERIAL NO.

1

of

1

08/287,108

INFORMATION DISCLOSURE CITATION
(Use s e v e r a l sheets jf necessary)

Richard Mander et al.
FILING DATE

GROUP

8/8/94

2301

U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
'EXAMINER INITIAL D O C U M E N T NUMBER DATE NAME CLASS SUBCLASS FILING DATE IF A P P R O P R I A T E

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FOREIGN PATEN-1DOCUMENTS
DOCUMENT NUMBER DATE
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CLASS

SUBCLASS

TRANSLATION YES NO

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37 1 4 1 7 2

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afl

Beetz et al.

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/
/'

/
I / , / O T H E R DOCUMENTS (Including Author, Title, Date, Pertinent Pages, Etc.)

j

../ , /
//

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/'
EXAMINER
' E X A M INER, lnitlal f ckation'considered. whet citation is in contorm~nce with MPEP 609; Draw l i n . through citation if not in conformance and not cons' ered. Include copy of this form with next communication to applicant.

LL.L_ F.HII~

~ONSIDERED

/

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724 FH 203 APMW0025514

P.B.S818 - P a t e n t l a a n 2 2280 HV R i j s w i j k (ZH) (070) 3 40 20 40 .~ 31651 epo nl TX FAX [phone]

Europalschas Patentamt
Zweigslelle in Den Haag Recherchenabtejlung

.....r o p e a n P a t e n t Office
B r a n c h at The Hague Search

Office europeen des b r e v e t s
Dapartement La Haye D i v i s i o n de la
reCherChe

a

division

I Wombwe 11, Franci s

P o t t s , Kerr &Co. 15, Hamilton Square Birkenhead Merseyside L41 GBR GRANDE BRETAGNE

L
Zeichen/Ref./Ref.

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93909187.2

I

A n m e l d u n g N r i A p p l i c a t i o n N o . l D e m a n d e n ' . I l P a t e n t Nr N o . l B r e v e t n'

93909187,2

.-

-

An m el derl Appl i can VDema n de u r / l P a t e n ti nh a ber/P ro pri atai re

APPLE COMPUTER, INC.

COMMUNICATION
The European Patent Office h e r e w i t h t r a n s m i t s

o o

the European search r e p o r t the d e c l a r a t i o n under Rule 45 EPC the p a r t i a l European search r e p o r t under Rule 45 EPC the s u p p l e m e n t a r y European s e a r c h r e p o r t concerning the international application under A r t i c l e 157(2) EPC r e l a t i n g to the above-mentioned European patent application. Copies of the documents cited in the search r e p o r t are enclosed.

o
I!l

The following specifications given by the applicant have been approved by the Search D i v i s i o n : (2J"Abstract

-ri

Title

~re

o

The a b s t r a c t was modified by the Search Division and the definitive text is attached to this communication.

o

The f o l l o w i n g figure will be published With the abstract, since the Search Division considers that it b e t t e r c h a r a c t e r i s e s the i n v e n t i o n than the one indicated by the applicant. Figure:

. i f A d d i t i o n a l copytcoples) of the documents Cited in the European search report.

REFUND OF THE SEARCH FEE
If applicable under A r t i c l e 10 Rules relating to fees, a s e p a r a t e communication from the Receiving Section on the refund of the search fee will be sent later.

EPO Form 1507 02.93

------lEEj----------l
724 FH 204 APMW0025515

European P a t e n t Office

SUPPLEMENTARY EUROPEAN SEARCH R E P O R T

Application Number

EP 93 90 9187

D O C U M E N T S C O N S I D E R E D TO BE RELEVANT
Category C i t a t i o n of d o c u m e n t with i n d i c a t i o n , whcre a p p r o p r i a t e , of r e l e v a n t p a s s a g e s Relevant to c l a i m CLASSIFICATION O F THE APPLICATION (lnt.CI.5)

1X
Y

US-A-5 060 135 (LEVINE ET AL. )""' ' '

* the whole document *

1-12, 37-46, 66-72 13-36, 47-65 13-36, 47-65 36

G06F15/62

2Y

DE-A-37 14 172 (HITACHI LTD.)

* the whole document *
1 0, Y

INFORMATION PROCESSING & MANAGEMENT (INCORPORATING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY), Yol.24, no.5, 1988, OXFORD GB pages 513 - 523 SALTON G. AND BUCKLEY CH. ITERM-WEIGHING APPROACHES IN AUTOMATIC TEXT RETRIEVAL' ACM TRANSACTIONS ON OFFICE INFORMATION SYSTEMS, USA, Y o l . l , no.1, January 1983 pages 99 - 112 MALONE T.W. 'How Do People Organize Their Desks? I m p l i c a t i o n s for the Design of Office Information Systems'

1 D,A

1,37,66
T E C H N I C A L FIELDS SEARCHED (lnt.CI.5)

G06F

1
Place
0(

T h e s u p p l e m e n t a r y s e a r c h r e p o r t h a s been d r a w n up for the c l a i m s a t t a c h e d h e r e t o .
.earch O a t . of complellon of the search

~ TH - HA - E [ 1 - - - - -E - -GU- - - - - - - lI .
~ ~
CATEGORY OF CITED D O C U M E N T S X : particularly relevant If taken alone Y : particularly relevant if combined with another document of the same category A : technological background o : non-written disclosure P : intennediate document

Examiner
---JL-

27 J u l y 1994

I

Suendermann, R

-1

:2

T : theory or principle underlying the invention E : earlier patent document, but published on, or after the filing date D : document cited in the application L : document cited for other reasons
&·;·;;;~;;;b~;·~f·ih~ ;;;~·~;i~~i·f~;;;;i;·:·~~;.;:;~;~~·;ii·~·g

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document

724 FH 205 APMW0025516

ANNEX TO T H E EUROPEAN SEARCH R E P O R T ON EUROPEAN PATENT A P P L I C A T I O N NO.

EP 93 90 9187

This annex lists the p a t e n t family members relating to the patent documents cited in the above-mentioned European search report. The members are as contained in the European P a t e n t Office EDP file on The European P a t e n t Office is in no way liable for these particulars which are merely given for the purpose of information.

27-07-1994
P a t e n t document cited in search report

I

Publication date

I

P a t e n t family member(s)

I

Publication date

US-A-5060135

22-10-91

AU-BAU-AEP-AWO-AAU-BAU-AAU-BAU-ACA-AEP-AEP-AEP-AEP-AJP-TJP-TWO-AWO-AUS-AJP-AJP-ADE-AUS-A-

624835 3745989 0370101 8911696 .623149 3691689 624837 3757889 1327082 0377698 0394379 0579337 0570083 2504439 2504564 8911694 8911695 5161213 62254272 63068974 3744899 5021989

25-06-92 12-12-89 30-05-90 30-11-89 07-05-92 12-12-89 25-06-92 12-12-89 15-02-94 18-07-90 31-10-90 19-01-94 18-11-93 13-12-90 20-12-90 30-11-89 30-11-89 03-11-92 06-11-87 28-03-88 22-03-90 04-06-91

DE-A-3714172

19-11-87

I>:
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~ For more details about this a n n e x : see Official Journal of the European Patent Office, No. t 2/82

724 FH 206 APMW0025517

860.P624C

//--/0-

1'7'"

Richard Mander . e t al. Serial No.: 0 8 / 2 8 7 , 1 0 8 Filed: August 8, 1994 For:
M E T H O D AND A P P A R A T U S FOR ORGANIZING INFORMATION IN A COMPUTER SYSTEM

---m1

6

~JUlJ

U9

1994

a Continuation of application Serial No.: 07/876,921 Filed: April 30; 1992

PRELIMINARY AMENDMENT Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks Washington, D.C. 20231 Sir: Please enter this preliminary amendment prior to any action on the present application. IN THE CLAIMS Please amend the pending claims as indicated below.
1, (Twice Amended) A me'~Od r organizing information in a computer filing fo

c

,

system

~aVing a display dev

e " " a first plurality of documents, said method

cornpnsmq :
040 AH 0 9 / 1 4 / 9 4 08287108 040 AH 0 9 / 1 4 / 9 4 08287108 1 102 1 103 148.00 CK 1 5 4 . 0 0 CK

724 FH 207 APMW0025518

\ displayi\ g at some time on said display device a graphical

representation of a firs document and a graphical representation of a second document from said first lurality of documents; creating a c lIection of documents comprising a second plurality of

I representation of said collection of

Viewing at least one of the documents in said collection by ne document by selecting from said

4. (Amended) A method a in claim 1 further comprising the step of: creating a plurali of documents by comparing sai of collections of documents from said collection a n v i t y r n a , representation [maintained by

said computer system] for each do u \ r n t in said collection of documents with an internal collective representation collections of documents. reated by said system] for each of said

Please cancel claim

7~
\

8. (Amended) A method as in c'i i m E 7 herein said computer filing system 1w

j

determines said internal collective r documents and wherein said interna

r

entation of said collection of presentation of each of the documents

C,

2

724 FH 208 APMW0025519

G.7

in said collectio

o~ot:uments comprises a representation of words within each

of the documents. \.

V

In claim 9, on line

~f,

insert the word "in" before the word--said--.

10. (Amended) A method s in claim 8 wherein said internal collectjve representation of said

cOlleCfo~tdocuments comprises a vector containing a

representation of words within of documents.

~st some of the documents in said collection

26. (Amended) A metho

laim 21 [further comprising creating a

reprssantationot said colle ti n t documents based on an internal representation of each of the ments in said collection and] wherein said list

of words for each mail d o c u m e \ is obtained from said internal representation of each mail document.

comprises indicating to said c

puter system that a collection of documents is

to be created using said first do ument as a sample document and wherein said computer system searches said irst plurality of documents to find said second document[.]

3

724 FH 209 APMW0025520

r_ .
deVice

t!isplaying a ' P h i c a l represenlatipo pI sait! CQlleetiQn Qn sait!

t!ispla~

~ (Amended) A method as in claim 31 [wherein said computer filing system
creates said collection by modifying an attribute of documents within said collection, wherein said attribute is used by said computer filing system for said first document and said second document.] further comprising viewing at least one of the documents in said collection by displaying an indicia of said at least one document by selecting from said graphical representation of said collection said at least one document

3

36. (Amended) A me od as ill claim [7] ~ wherein the user of said computer filing system provides a ird d cument to said filing system and instructs said t ird document and wherein said computer o add said third document to said collection

computer filing system to fi filing system determines whet

based on a measure of similarity etween the internal collective representation of said collection and an internal representation of said third document.

37. (Twice Amended) A m hod for organizing information in a computer system having a display devi , s a i d method comprising:

displaying at some ime

~aid display device a representation
second document; c e n t s comprising said first and said

of

a first document and a representat n f creating a collection of second documents;

4

724 FH 210 APMW0025521

wherein said jnternal\collectiye representation is based on internal representations of

sai~ first and second documents;
representation of said collection of

diSPlaYing\a documents; and

~~J.-L.L.Jin~,tl.:.J.~I'~n,~o:ul

representation of said collection

to said collection based on one of: (a) an internal representation of each
0

the documents in said collection, [and] .QI (b)

said fjrst or a second user defined pecification.

38. (Amended) A

ethod as in claim 37 wherein said computer system has a graphical user interface and said method is performed in and wherein said representations of said first

document[,] and said se graphical representations.

nd document[, and said collection of documents] are

6-

q
39. (Amended) A method as i c specification is a sample docume representation of said collection. esignated by said user to act as an internal

40. (Amended) A method as in claim 3 wherein said fim1 user defined specification is a collection of words specified by said user.

e

s for causing the execution of a mabie means is activated by

selecting a graphical representation [of s display device.

5

724 FH 211 APMW0025522

43. (Amended) A hJethod as in claim 38 wherein said step of determining an

re'~~esentation of said collection occurs each time a document is added to ~ removed from said collection.
internal collective

10

L/

44. (Amended) A method

a~aim

~

43 wherein said step of determining [a] an

internal collective representati n of said collection occurs each time a modified document is stored to replace a reexisting document in said collection.

59. (Amended)

method as in claim 38 wherein [said representation of said

collection is a user defined specification and] said fi!:s.1 user defined specification is modi led and herein said computer system adds new

specificatio n.

60. (Amended) A method a in claim 59 wherein said computer system adds to said collection on the basis of comparison between the internal

representation of each of said n w documents and said modified d e f i n e d specification.

nrst user

61. (Am

ded) A method as in claim 38 wherein said further internal of said collection is .Q..M...Qf said first and second user defined

representatio

speclflcatlons d e ' ing a selected user defined specification and wherein the user indicates to sai computer system to add a fourth item to said collection, which fourth item has a lnternal representation which does not match said selected user defined speci ation, and wherein, after the user has indicated to

add said fourth item to said colle tion, said computer system prompts the user to

6

724 FH 212 APMW0025523

detsrmi e whether the fourth item is to be added to said collection without modifying aid selected user defined specification or the fourth item is to be added and s id selected user defined specification is to be modified.

s in claim 61 wherein said computer system prompts (jaw means for editing the selected user defined specification and wherein aid fourth item is one of a document, a pile and a folder.

66. (Twice Ame

ed) A computer filing system for organizing information in a

computer system aving a processor, a bus, and memory for storing information including a plurality of documents, said computer filing system comprising: means for producing a display of graphical representations, said isplay means coupled to said processor; a cursor c ntrol means coupled to said processor, said cursor control means' for contro 'ng the position of a cursor on said display; a switch mea s for indicating a selection of an object displayed on said display, said switch me and a second position;
t ion of a first document and a graphical

led to said processor and having a first

representation of a second docu . ent, said cursor control means and said switch means being used with said raphical representations of said first and said second documents, which are dl played on said display means.. to create a collection of documents comprising sai first and said second documents; a means for creating a gra hical representation of said collection of documents comprising said first and sai second document; and

7

724 FH 213 APMW0025524

a means for said collection, said means

~termining providing a collective representation based on an internal repres ~tion of said first and said second documents.
in claim 66 [further comprising a] wherein said means for determining
Q.ej~nm~a

et~rmining

[alan internal collective representation of

further collective representation of said

collection each time a docum nt is added to said collection.

72. (Amended) A metho collection of documents co documents and wherein said provided collective representati specification.

laim 1 wherein said step of creating a

r' e creating a means for selecting a collection of
a s for selecting includes one of a ~ of said collection [and a]
~

user defined

(please add the following new c l a i m s )

73.

A method for

o~aniZing information in a computer system having a

display device, said

m~t

od comprising:

determining an inte nal representation of each document in a plurality of ntation being based on the content of the corresponding document; creating a collection of documents: determining at least one of first internal collective representation or a

first user defined specification for sai collection, said first internal collective representation being based on said int rnal representation of each of said plurality of documents; and

8

724 FH 214 APMW0025525

displaying

visual representation of said collection of documents.

74.
displaying at ome time on said display device a visual representation of each document in sai plurality of documents.

75.

A method as in c im 73 further comprising: viewing at least 0 e of the documents in said collection by displaying an

indicia of said at least on of the documents, wherein said viewing occurs by selecting from said visual the documents. presentation of said collection said at least one of

76.

A method as in claim cuments in said collection by displaying an

indicia of said at least one of t

documents, wherein said viewing occurs by

selecting from said visual repre entation of said collection said at least one of the documents.

77.

A method as in claim 75 wh rein said step of viewing comprises pointing

a cursor on a display device at sai visual representation.

78.

A method as in claim 75 where

the user of said computer system

instructs said computer system to file a further document and wherein said computer system determines whether to add said further document to said collection of documents based on a meas re of similarity between the first internal collective representation and an in ernal representation of said further document.

9

c
724 FH 215 APMW0025526

79.

A method as i claim 78 wherein said computer system adds said further

document to said colle tion of documents and further comprising: determining a fu her internal collective representation of said collection, said further internal colle tive representation being based on said internal representation of each of cuments in said collection.

80.

A method as in claim

further comprising:

creating a plurality of e l e c t i o n s of documents from said collection of documents by comparing said i ternal representation of each of said documents in said collection of documents with an internal collective representation for each of said plurality of collections.

REMARKS

All pending independent claims have been amended in light of the Examiner's comments in paragraph 6, on page 3 of the last Office action. Specifically, Applicant has distinctly set forth the unique functionality provided by the system and method of the present invention. The Levine reference, as noted before, does not teach or suggest determining an internal collective representation for the collection of documents, where this collective representation is based on internal representations of the documents in the collection. Thus, Levine cannot anticipate the present invention and there is no suggestion from other references to provide this funtionality in Levine's system. Levine discloses nothing more than a "dumb" stack of stamps which may be treated as a group. There is no disclosure of internal representations for the

10

c
724 FH 216 APMW0025527

documents in the stack and no disclosure of an internal collective representation for the stack. Moreover, there is no disclosure that the internal collective representation be updated when a new document is added to the collection; see, for example, claim 37 ..."determining a further internal representation of said collection when a third document is added ..." Two new independent claims have been added with this amendment. Claim 31 is not disclosed or rendered obvious by the references as it requires the computer system to create the collection by using a first document to find the second document. Claim 73 is not disclosed or rendered obvious by the references as it requires "determining at least one of a first internal collective representation, .."

11

724 FH 217 APMW0025528

Applicant submits that all claims are in condition for allowance. Please charge deposit account 02-2666 for any deficiencies in fees associated with this preliminary amendment. Respectfully submitted, BLAKELY, SOKOLOFF, TAYLOR & ZAFMAN

Date: September 8, 1994

12400 Wilshire Blvd. Seventh Floor Los Angeles, CA 90025 [phone]
EXPRESS MAIL CERTIFICATE OF MAILING

"Express Mail" mailing label number -.-JIB""""'23""05=S""5""'89""'S'--

_

Daleof Depostt September 8 1994 I hereby certify that this paper or fee is being deposited with the United States Postal Service "Express Mail Post Office to Addressee" service under 37 CFR 1.10 on the date indicated above and is addressed to the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks, Washington, D.C. 20231. TrjcjaPires (Typed or printed name of person mailing paper or fee)

T,;,

\,t -;

?J)c

(Signature of person mailing paper or fee)

12

724 FH 218 APMW0025529

UNITED S T A l " DEPARrMENT OF COMMERCE P a t e n t and T r a d e m a r k Office
Address: CXlMMISSlONER OF PATENTS AND TRADEMARKS
Washington, D.C. 2 0 2 3 1

I SERIAL NUMBER I

FlUNG DATE

RRSTNAMEDINVENTOR

I ATTORNEYDOCKET NO. I
EXAMINER

FETTINGA

BLAKELY, SOKOLOFF, TAYLOR & ZAFMAN

E3Ml/1114

ART UNIT

PAPER NUMBER

1 2 4 0 0 ! 4 H L S H I H E E!LVD., S E V E N T H F U J O H L O S A N G E L E S , CA ' 3 ' 0 0 2 5

J~
2:)01
DATE MAILED:

11/14/94
This Is a communication from the examinerIn c h a r g e of your application. COMMISSIONER OF PATENTSAND TRADEMARKS

0 T h l s applicationhas been examlned

~esponslve to communication flied on

.,It{fc.fJ'tI,,I''y t:t .. g ( 0 1 1 ( / 4r

o

This action Is made final.

month(s), days from the date of this letter. A shortenedstatutory period for responseto this action Is set to expire Failure to respond within the period for response will cause the application to becomeabandoned. 35 U.S.C. 133

-:s

Part I
1.
5.

THE FOLLOWINGATTACHMENT(S) ARE PART OF THIS ACOON:

[3"'""otIceof References CItedby examiner, PTQ-S92. N
0
Informationon How to Effect DrawingChanges, PTQ-1474.. SUMMARY OF ACOON 1 -", ~

2.

3. G t N O t l c e of Art Cited by Applicant, PTQ-1449.

4.

0 Noticeof Draftsman's Patent DrawingReview, PTQ-948. 0 Notice of InformalPatent Application, PTQ-152. 6.0 .
are pending In the application. are withdrawnfrom consideration. have been cancelled. are allowed.

Part II
1.

~alrns

%- ~

Of the above, claims
2, ~aimS,_ _. . . . 1 -

3 . 0 Clalrns
4. 5.

~rns_~_ _=:._;_--!i!~-=:..---------------------are rejected.
~

0 Clairns 6 . 0 Clairns,
7. 8. 0 Formal drawings are required In responseto this OffIce action. 9 . 0 The correctedor substitute drawingshave been receivedon

are objected to.

are subject to restrictionor election requirement.

~ applicationhas been filed withInformaldrawingsunder 37 C.F.R. 1.85 which are aoceptable for examination purposes.

· Under 37 C.F.R. 1.84 these drawings are D acceptable; [J not acceptable(see explanation or Notice of Draftsman's Patent Drawing Review, PTO-948). . has (have) been [ J approved by the

10.

0 0
0

The proposed additional or substitutesheet(s) of drawings,filed on examiner; 0 disapprovedby the examiner(see explanation).

1 1 , 0 The proposed drawing correction,filed
12.

has been Dapproved; D disapproved(see explanation).

Acknowledgement Is made of the claim for priority under 35 U.S.C. 119. The certifiedcopy has D been received D not been received D been filed In parent application, serial no. ; filed on '
Since this applicationapppearsto be In condition for allowanceexcept for formal matters, prosecutionas to the merits is closed In accordancewiththe practiceunder Ex parte Quayle, 1935 C.D. 11; 453 O.G. 213.

13.

14.

o Other

EXAMINER'S A C T I O N
PTOL-326(Rev. 2193)

...

,~<-~,~~~~

724 FH 219 APMW0025530

Application No. 0 8 / 2 8 7 , 1 0 8

Art unit 2301

1.

This action i s responsive to applicant's communication filed

8 / 8 / 9 4 , 9 / 6 / 9 4 a n d 1 0 / 3 1 / 9 4 . Of t h e c l a i m s 1 t o 72 t h e n p e n d i n g , claim 7 has been canceled c l a i m s 73 t o 80 h a v e b e e n a d d e d c l a i m s 1 , 4 , 8 , 9 , 1 0 , 2 6 , 3 1 , 3 2 , 36 t o 4 0 , 4 2 , 4 3 , 4 4 , 59 t o 6 2 , 6 6 , 6 8 , a n d 72 h a v e b e e n a m e n d e d c l a i m s 2 , 3 , 5 , 6 , 8 , 11 t o 2 5 , 27 t o 3 0 , 33 t o 3 5 , 4 1 , 45 t o 5 8 , 63 t o 6 5 , 67 a n d 69 t o 71 a r e u n c h a n g e d b u t d e p e n d f r o m a m e n d e d i n d e p e n d e n t c l a i m s 1 , 3 1 , 37 a n d 66 f o r m e r l y d e p e n d e n t c l a i m 31 h a s b e e n a m e n d e d t o b e a n independent claim c l a i m s 1 t o 6 a n d 8 t o 80 a r e now p e n d i n g

Specification
2. Please review the application and correct a l l informalities.

C l a i m R e j e c t i o n s - 3 5 USC
3.
§

§

112

C l a i m s 1 t o 6 a n d 8 t o 80 a r e r e j e c t e d u n d e r 35 U . S . C . 112, second paragraph, as being indefinite for failing to

particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter which applicant regards as the invention. w i t h r e s p e c t t o i n d e p e n d e n t c l a i m s 1 , 3 1 , 3 7 , 66 a n d 73 The phrase "internal collective representation" i s vague and ambiguous.
-2-

724 FH 220 APMW0025531

Application No. 0 8 / 2 8 7 , 1 0 8

Art unit 2301

D e p e n d e n t c l a i m s 2 t o 6 , 8 t o 30 a n d 70 t o 72 a r e r e j e c t e d for fully incorporating the deficiencies of their base claim
1.

Claim 1 contains two objects of determination only one of w h i c h i s n e c e s s a r y . The c l a i m s d e p e n d i n g f r o m c l a i m 1 referring back to the internal collective representation determination element lack antecedent for those instances where only the alternative element of a user defined specification determination is incorporated. D e p e n d e n t c l a i m s 32 a n d 33 a r e r e j e c t e d f o r f u l l y incorporating the deficiencies of their base claim 31. D e p e n d e n t c l a i m s 38 a n d 65 a r e r e j e c t e d f o r f U l l y incorporating the deficiencies of their base claim 37. D e p e n d e n t c l a i m s 67 t o 69 a r e r e j e c t e d f o r f u l l y incorporating the deficiencies of their base claim 66. D e p e n d e n t c l a i m s 74 t o 80 a r e r e j e c t e d f o r f u l l y incorporating the deficiencies of their base claim 73.

C l a i m R e j e c t i o n s - 3 5 USC

§

~02

4.

The following i s a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs
§

o f 35 U . S . C .

102 t h a t f o r m t h e b a s i s f o r t h e r e j e c t i o n s u n d e r

t h i s s e c t i o n made i n t h i s O f f i c e a c t i o n : A person shall be entitled to a patent unless ( a ) t h e i n v e n t i o n was known o r u s e d by o t h e r s i n t h i s ,country, or patented or described in a printed pUblication
-3-

724 FH 221 APMW0025532

Application No. 0 8 / 2 8 7 , 1 0 8

Art unit 2301

in this or a foreign country, before the invention thereof by t h e a p p l i c a n t f o r a p a t e n t .
( e ) t h e i n v e n t i o n was d e s c r i b e d i n a p a t e n t g r a n t e d on a n a p p l i c a t i o n f o r p a t e n t by a n o t h e r f i l e d i n t h e u n i t e d s t a t e s b e f o r e t h e i n v e n t i o n t h e r e o f by t h e a p p l i c a n t f o r p a t e n t , o r o n a n i n t e r n a t i o n a l a p p l i c a t i o n by a n o t h e r who h a s f u l f i l l e d the requirements of paragraphs (1), (2), and (4) of section 3 7 1 ( c ) o f t h i s t i t l e b e f o r e t h e i n v e n t i o n t h e r e o f by t h e applicant for patent.

5.

C l a i m s 1 t o 6 , 11 t o 3 3 , 37 t o 68 a n d 70 t o 80 a r e r e j e c t e d
§

u n d e r 35 U . S . C .

102(a) and (e) as being anticipated by Levine

e t a l e ( U . S . P a t . No. 5 0 6 0 1 3 5 1 0 / 9 1 ) w h i c h t e a c h e s d i s p l a y i n g a p l u r a l i t y o f d o c u m e n t s i n a r e d u c e d f o r m a t ( s t a m p s 34) on a d i s p l a y s c r e e n u s i n g a n i n t e r n a l c o l l e c t i v e r e p r e s e n t a t i o n shown in fig. 5.

with respect to independent claim 31, the broadest claim, graphical display of documents and document collections i s shown f i g u r e s 2 t o 4 . creating a document collection using a f i r s t document a s a sample and s e a r c h i n g f o r n e x t document i s shown f i g . 6 Add D o c u m e n t . Any f i r s t d o c u m e n t i s i n h e r e n t l y a sample for the purpose of portraying the presence of t h e c r e a t e d c o l l e c t i o n . Any d o c u m e n t r e t r i e v a l operation is inherently a searching operation since the system must search for the f i l e matching the retrieval parameters.
-4-

724 FH 222 APMW0025533

Application N o . 0 8 / 2 8 7 , 1 0 8

Art unit 2301

w i t h r e s p e c t t o d e p e n d e n t c l a i m s 32 a n d 3 3 ,

v i e w i n g a n d r e p r e s e n t i n g d o c u m e n t s i s shown i n f i g u r e s
2 to 4.

Independent claim 73, the next most broaq claim, has sUbstantially similar sUbject matter as claim 31 except as follows and i s similarly rejected.

d e t e r m i n i n g an i n t e r n a l r e p r e s e n t a t i o n o f e a c h d o c u m e n t b a s e d on c o n t e n t s i s s h o w n b y f i g u r e s 5 a n d 6
p o r t r a y i n g a p r o c e s s f l o w b a s e d on t h e s t r u c t u r a l c o n t e n t s o f d o c u m e n t s i n c l u d i n g d o c u m e n t t y p e a n d name. w i t h r e s p e c t t o d e p e n d e n t c l a i m s 74 t o 7 6 ,

v i e w i n g d o c u m e n t s and s e l e c t i n g d o c u m e n t s b y p o i n t i n g
i s s h o w n by t h e p r o c e s s f l o w i n f i g . 7 . w i t h r e s p e c t t o d e p e n d e n t c l a i m 77 a n d 8 0 ,

b a s i n g c o l l e c t i o n s on m e a s u r e s o f s i m i l a r i t y i s s h o w n
b y t h e p r o c e s s f l o w o f f i g . 6 b a s i n g c o l l e c t i o n s on a p p l i c a t i o n s i m i l a r i t y a s n o t e d by i n t e r n a l d o c u m e n t contents indicating relevant application. w i t h r e s p e c t t o d e p e n d e n t c l a i m s 78 a n d 7 9 ,

using measure of similarity for document addition i s
s h o w n by t h e p r o c e s s f l o w i n f i g . 6 i n w h i c h s i m i l a r i t y of document application i s used for addition c r i t e r i a .

-5-

724 FH 223 APMW0025534

Applioation No. 0 8 / 2 8 7 , 1 0 8

Art unit 2301

Independent claim 66, the next most broad claim, and d e p e n d e n t c l a i m s 67 a n d 68 a r e f o r a n a p p a r a t u s p e r f o r m i n g t h e m e t h o d s o f c l a i m s 73 t o 77 a n d a r e s i m i l a r l y r e j e c t e d .

Independent claim 1 has substantially similar sUbject matter a s c l a i m 73 e x c e p t a s f o l l o w s a n d i s s i m i l a r l y r e j e c t e d .

v i e w i n g a d o c u m e n t among m U l t i p l e d o c u m e n t s i n a c o l l e c t i o n i s s h o w n c o l . 11 l i n e s 47 t o 6 0 . internal collective representation or user defined s p e c i f i c a t i o n i s shown f i g . 5 .
with respect to dependent claim 2, 3 and 12,

cursor selection of a graphical representation including a base representation i s shown f i g . 2 t o 4.
with respect to dependent claim 4,

b u i l d i n g c o l l e c t i o n b y d o c u m e n t c o m p a r i s o n i s s h o w n by
the flow chart in fig. 6. D e p e n d e n t c l a i m s 5 , 6 , 1 1 , 13 a n d 14 a r e s U b s t a n t i a l l y s i m i l a r i n s c o p e t o c l a i m s 2 , 3 a n d 12 a n d a r e s i m i l a r l y rejected. w i t h r e s p e c t t o d e p e n d e n t c l a i m s 1 5 , 16 a n d 28

adding and removing third documents using display zones
i s s h o w n by t h e f l o w c h a r t s o f f i g u r e s 6 a n d 7 u s i n g t h e z o n e s d e f i n e d by t h e s t a m p s s h o w n i n f i g u r e s 2 t o '
4.
-6-

724 FH 224 APMW0025535

Application N o . 0 8 / 2 8 7 , 1 0 8

Art unit 2301

with respect to dependent claim 17,

pointing for a predetermined time to display an indicia
i s s h o w n c o l . 1 0 l i n e s 20 t o 3 5 . w i t h r e s p e c t t o d e p e n d e n t c l a i m s 18 t o 2 7 , d e p e n d i n g f r o m claim 17,

viewing and

pointin~

to collections of mail showing

w o r d s a n d u n i q u e n e s s i s s h o w n by t h e f i g u r e s 2 t o 4 a n d
c o l . 13 l i n e s 3 0 t o 5 0 . with respect t o dependent claim 29, 30 and 70 t o 72,

visual representations of contents and attributes by portraying number o f documents or color o f display i s
shown f i g . 3 ( n u m b e r o f d o c u m e n t s ) a n d i n h e r e n t operation of display devices (color).

I n d e p e n d e n t c l a i m 37 h a s s U b s t a n t i a l l y s i m i l a r s U b j e c t matter as claim 1 except as follows and i s similarly rejected.

a d d i n g a t h i r d d o c u m e n t i s shown i n h e r e n t l y b y
operation of flow charts in figures 6 and 7. with respect to dependent claim 38,

f i l i n g s y s t e m i s shown i n h e r e n t l y i n d i s k o p e r a t i o n s
for documents in a computer system. w i t h r e s p e c t t o d e p e n d e n t c l a i m s 39 t o 4 2 ,

-7-

724 FH 225 APMW0025536

Application N o . 0 8 / 2 8 7 , 1 0 8

Art Unit 2301

using a sample and collection o f words and executing a p r o c e s s u s i n g r e l e v a n c y i s shown i n t h e p r o c e s s f l o w s
o f f i g . 6 a n d 7 . R e l e v a n c y i s s h o w n by t h e d e c i s i o n b l o c k s , c o l l e c t i o n s o f w o r d s i s shown b y t h e d o c u m e n t t y p e s a n d m e n u s , p r o c e s s e x e c u t i o n i s s h o w n by t h e process flow. D e p e n d e n t c l a i m s 43 t o 53 c o n t a i n s s U b s t a n t i a l l y s i m i l a r s U b j e c t m a t t e r a s c l a i m s 2 t o 6 a n d 13 t o 16 a n d a r e similarly rejected. w i t h r e s p e c t t o d e p e n d e n t c l a i m s 54 t o 5 8 ,

viewing documents by movement and flipping i s shown
c o l . 11 l i n e s 28 t o 6 0 . w i t h r e s p e c t t o d e p e n d e n t c l a i m 59 t o 6 5 ,

adding documents to mUltiple types of collections which indicate what i s contained and querying where addition i s q u e s t i o n a b l e i s s h o w n by t h e p o r t r a y a l o f m U l t i p l e
collections in fig 2 to 4 and the query decision blocks in the process flows of fig. 6 and 7.

C l a i m R e j e c t i o n s - 3 5 USC

§

~03

6. T h e f o l l o w i n g i s a q u o t a t i o n o f 35 U . S . C . § 103 w h i c h f o r m s the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A p a t e n t may n o t b e o b t a i n e d t h o u g h t h e i n v e n t i o n i s n o t .identically disclosed or described as set forth in section 102 o f t h i s t i t l e , i f t h e d i f f e r e n c e s b e t w e e n t h e s U b j e c t matter sought to be patented and the prior a r t are such that
-8-

724 FH 226 APMW0025537

Application N o . 0 8 / 2 8 7 , 1 0 8

Art unit 2301

the subject matter as a whole would have been obvious a t the t i m e t h e i n v e n t i o n was made t o a p e r s o n h a v i n g o r d i n a r y s k i l l in the a r t to which said subject matter pertains. P a t e n t a b i l i t y s h a l l n o t b e n e g a t i v e d by t h e m a n n e r i n w h i c h the invention was made. S u b j e c t m a t t e r d e v e l o p e d by a n o t h e r p e r s o n , w h i c h q u a l i f i e s a s p r i o r a r t o n l y u n d e r s u b s e c t i o n ( f ) o r ( g ) o f s e c t i o n 102 of this t i t l e , shall not preclude patentability under this section where the sUbject matter and the claimed invention w e r e , a t t h e t i m e t h e i n v e n t i o n was made" o w n e d by t h e s a m e person or sUbject to an obligation of assignment t o the same person.

This application currently names j o i n t inventors. c o n s i d e r i n g p a t e n t a b i l i t y o f t h e c l a i m s u n d e r 35 U . S . C .

In
§

103,

the examiner presumes that the sUbject matter of the various c l a i m s w a s commonly owned a t t h e t i m e a n y i n v e n t i o n s c o v e r e d t h e r e i n w e r e made a b s e n t a n y e v i d e n c e t o t h e c o n t r a r y . Applicant

i s a d v i s e d o f t h e o b l i g a t i o n u n d e r 37 C . F . R . § 1 . 5 6 t o p o i n t o u t the inventor and invention dates of each claim t h a t was not c o m m o n l y o w n e d a t t h e t i m e a l a t e r i n v e n t i o n w a s made i n o r d e r f o r t h e e x a m i n e r t o c o n s i d e r t h e a p p l i c a b i l i t y o f p o t e n t i a l 35 U.S.C.
§

1 0 2 ( f ) o r ( g ) p r i o r a r t u n d e r 35 U . S . C .

§

103.

7.

C l a i m s 1 t o 6 a n d 8 t o 80 a r e r e j e c t e d u n d e r 35 U . S . C .

§

103

as being unpatentable over Levine e t ale as applied above in view o f V a l e e t a l e ( U . S . P a t . No. 5 2 4 7 4 3 7 9 / 9 3 ) .

-9-

724 FH 227 APMW0025538

Application No. 0 8 / 2 8 7 , 1 0 8

Art unit 2301

A l t e r n a t i v e l y , w i t h r e s p e c t t o c l a i m s 1 t o 6 , 11 t o 3 3 , 37 t o 68 a n d 70 t o 8 0 , i n t e r p r e t i n g t h e c l a i m e l e m e n t " c o l l e c t i v e i n t e r n a l r e p r e s e n t a t i o n " t o mean w o r d t a b l e s , L e v i n e s h o w s d i s p l a y i n g a p l u r a l i t y o f d o c u m e n t s i n a r e d u c e d f o r m a t ( s t a m p s 34) on a display screen using an internal collective representation (fig. 5) a s a p p l i e d a b o v e , b u t d o e s n o t s h o w u s i n g w o r d t a b l e s f o r t h e collective internal representation. Vale shows using word tables for the collective internal representation in an analogous a r t f o r t h e p u r p o s e o f a g g r e g a t i n g d o c u m e n t s b a s e d on w o r d c o n t e n t . I t would have been obvious to a person of ordinary s k i l l in the a r t a t t h e t i m e t h e i n v e n t i o n was made t o a p p l y V a l e ' s w o r d t a b l e to Levine because of the taught advantages of using content as the c r i t e r i a for document aggregation.

w i t h r e s p e c t t o d e p e n d e n t c l a i m s 6 9 , 8 t o 10 a n d 34 t o 3 6 , L e v i n e shows displaying a p l u r a l i t y of documents in a reduced format ( s t a m p s 34) on a d i s p l a y s c r e e n u s i n g a n i n t e r n a l c o l l e c t i v e r e p r e s e n t a t i o n ( f i g . 5) a s a p p l i e d a b o v e , b u t d o e s n o t s h o w t h e w o r d t a b l e o f c l a i m s 69 a n d 8 . V a l e s h o w s u s i n g w o r d t a b l e s f o r the collective internal representation in an analogous a r t for t h e p u r p o s e o f a g g r e g a t i n g d o c u m e n t s b a s e d on w o r d c o n t e n t . I t would have been obvious to a person of ordinary s k i l l in the a r t a t t h e t i m e t h e i n v e n t i o n was made t o a p p l y V a l e ' s w o r d t a b l e t o

-10-

724 FH 228 APMW0025539

Application No. 0 8 / 2 8 7 , 1 0 8

Art unit 2301

Levine because of the taught advantages of using content as the c r i t e r i a for document aggregation.

w i t h r e s p e c t t o d e p e n d e n t c l a i m s 9 , 10 a n d 34 t o 3 6 , d e p e n d i n g f r o m c l a i m 8 , v e c t o r s and m e a s u r e s o f s i m i l a r i t y a r e s h o w n by V a l e ' s w o r d i n d e x e s , a n d c o l o r i n d i c a t i o n i s s h o w n i n h e r e n t l y a s a w e l l known e m b o d i m e n t by o p e r a t i o n o f a display controller in a color environment.

Response t o Amendment 8. Applicant's arguments have been fUlly considered but they Applicant argues that the

are not deemed to be persuasive.

i n t e r n a l c o l l e c t i v e r e p r e s e n t a t i o n s e l e m e n t s a d d e d by a m e n d m e n t s t o i n d e p e n d e n t c l a i m s a r e n o t d i s c l o s e d by L e v i n e . I n r e s p o n s e , L e v i n e f i g u r e s 5 ( a ) a n d 5 ( b ) show i n t e r n a l r e p r e s e n t a t i o n s o f t h e d a t a b a s e and a d a t a b a s e i s a c o l l e c t i o n s o t h e f i g u r e s show internal collective representations.

Conclusion
9. T h e p r i o r a r t made o f r e c o r d a n d n o t r e l i e d u p o n i s

considered pertinent to applicant's disclosure.

1 0 . ,Any i n q u i r y c o n c e r n i n g t h i s c o m m u n i c a t i o n o r e a r l i e r communications from the examiner should be directed to Anton Fetting whose telephone number i s [phone]. The examiner c a n n o r m a l l y b e r e a c h e d on Monday t h r o u g h T h u r s d a y f r o m 7 : 1 5 AM -11-

724 FH 229 APMW0025540

Application N o . 0 8 / 2 8 7 , 1 0 8

Art unit 2301

t o 4 : 4 5 PM. The e x a m i n e r c a n a l s o b e r e a c h e d on a l t e r n a t e Fridays. I f a t t e m p t s t o r e a c h t h e e x a m i n e r by t e l e p h o n e a r e unsuccessful, the examiner's supervisor, Heather Herndon, can be r e a c h e d on ( 7 0 3 ) 3 0 5 - 9 7 0 1 . The f a x n u m b e r f o r t h i s G r o u p i s ( 7 0 3 ) 305-9564. Any i n q u i r y o f a g e n e r a l n a t u r e o r r e l a t i n g t o t h e s t a t u s o f t h i s application should be directed to the Group receptionist whose telephone number i s [phone].

AWF

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11/2/94

-12-

724 FH 230 APMW0025541

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724 FH 231 APMW0025542

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ey's Docket No.: 04860.P624C IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE In Re Application of: Richard M a n d e r , et al. Serial No: Filed: For: 08/287,108 A u g u s t 8, 1994
M E T H O D AND APPARATUS FOR O R G A N I Z I N G INFORMATION IN A COMPUTER SYSTEM
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In accordance w i t h 37 CF.R. 1.136(A), applicants respectfully petitions the C o m m i s s i o n e r for a two m o n t h extension of time, extending the period for response to the Office Action d a t e d N o v e m b e r 14, 1994 u n t i l April 14, 1995. A check in the a m o u n t for $370.00 as specified b y CF.R. §1.17(b) is a t t a c h e d hereto along w i t h an A m e n d m e n t r e s p o n d i n g to the above-mentioned Office Action. Please c h a r g e any a d d i t i o n a l fees to Deposit Account No. 02-2666. A d u p l i c a t e of this s h e e t is enclosed.

Respectfully submitted, BLAKELY, SOKOLOFF, TAYLOR & ZAFMAN

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IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE In Re A p p l i c a t i o n of: Richard M a n d e r , et Serial No: Filed: For: 08/287,108 A u g u s t 8, 1994
M E T H O D A N D APPARATUS FOR O R G A N I Z I N G INFORMAn O N IN A COMPUTER SYSTEM
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In r e s p o n s e to the Office Action mailed N o v e m b e r 14, 1994, a p p l i c a n t s r e s p e c t f u l l y r e q u e s t the Examiner to e n t e r this a m e n d m e n t .

IN THE CLAIMS: l - - Please a m e n d the following claims: 1 ~ (Twice A m e n d e d ) A m e t h o d for o r g a n i z i n g i n f o r m a t i o n in a c o m p u t e r 2 3 4 5 6 7 filing s y s t e m h a v i n g a d i s p l a y device a n d a first p l u r a l i t y of d o c u m e n t s , s a i d m e t h o d comprising: d i s p l a y i n g at some time on said d i s p l a y device a graphical r e p r e s e n t a t i o n of a first d o c u m e n t ; s a i d c o m p u t e r s y s t e m creating a collection of d o c u m e n t s c o m p r i s i n g at least a s e c o n d d o c u m e n t and s a i d first document, w h e r e i n s a i d s t e p of
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c r e a t i n g a c o l l e c t i o n c o m p r i s e s i n d i c a t i n g to s a i d c o m p u t e r s y s t e m t h a t a c o l l e c t i o n of d o c u m e n t s is to be c r e a t e d u s i n g s a i d first d o c u m e n t as a s a m p l e d o c u m e n t for s a i d collection of d o c u m e n t a n d w h e r e i n s a i d c o m p u t e r s y s t e m s e a r c h e s s a i d first p l u r a l i t y of d o c u m e n t s b a s e d on s a i d f i r s t d o c u m e n t to find said second document: and d i s p l a y i n g a g r a p h i c a l r e p r e s e n t a t i o n of s a i d collection on s a i d d i s p l a y device.

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A m e t h o d for o r g a n i z i n g a n d v i e w i n g i n f o r m a t i o n in a

g s y s t e m h a v i n g a d i s p l a y d e v i c e a n d a first p l u r a l i t y of d o c u m e n t s , s .d m e t h o d c o m p r i s i n g : d i s p l a y i g a g r a p h i c a l iconic r e p r e s e n t a t i o n of a collection of s a i d first p l u r a l i t y of doc displaying

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fro . s a i d g r a p h i c a l iconic r e p r e s e n t a t i o n , s a i d f i r s t e n t b e i n g s e l e c t e d for d i s p l a y r e g a r d l e s s of s a i d first

p o s i t i o n o n s a i d g r a p ical iconic r e p r e s e n t a t i o n .

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( N e w ) A m e t h o as in claim 81 w h e r e i n d u r i n g s a i d s t e p of d i s p l a y i n g

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g r a p h i c a l i c o n i c r e p r e s e n t a t i o c o m p r i s e s p o s i t i o n i n g a c u r s o r on s a i d g r a p h i c a l iconic r e p r e s e n t a t i o n , n d f u r t h e r comprising:

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d i s p y i n g in series a s e c o n d indicia of a s e c o n d d o c u m e n t a n d a t h i r d i n d i c i a of a t ird d o c u m e n t by positioning s a i d c u r s o r first on a second p o s i t i o n on sai r a p h i c a l iconic r e p r e s e n t a t i o n n e x t on a t h i r d p o s i t i o n on

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d i s p l a y i n g in series s a i d second indicia a n d s a i d t h i r d indicia, s a i d g r a p h i c a l iconic r e p r e s e n t a t i o n is c o n c u r r e n t l y d i s p l a y e d . (New) A m e t h o d as in claim-Sf w h e r e i n s a i d s e c o n d indicia is

1/

d i s p l a y e d adjacent to s a i d graphical iconic r e p r e s e n t a t i o n a n d s a i d t h i r d i n d i c i a is d i s p l a y e d adjacent to said g r a p h i c a l iconic r e p r e s e n t a t i o n .
REMARKS

3

C o n s i d e r a t i o n of this a p p l i c a t i o n in v i e w of the foregoing a m e n d m e n t s a n d the following r e m a r k s is h e r e b y respectfully r e q u e s t e d . Claims 1-6 a n d 8-80 are rejected u n d e r 35 U.S.c. § 112, s e c o n d paragraph. Claims 1-6, 11-33,37-68, a n d 70-80 are rejected u n d e r 35 U . S . c . §§ 102(a) a n d 102(e) as a n t i c i p a t e d by U.S. P a t e n t No. 5,060,135, i s s u e d of Levine et al. ("Levine"). Claims 1-6 a n d 8-80 are rejected u n d e r 35 U.S.c. § 103 as o b v i o u s in v i e w of the c o m b i n a t i o n of Levine a n d U.S. P a t e n t No. 5,247,473, i s s u e d of Vale et al. ("Vale"). Claims 1-6 a n d 80-86 are p e n d i n g . Claim 31 has b e e n a m e n d e d . Claims 81-86 h a v e b e e n a d d e d . No n e w m a t t e r has b e e n a d d e d ; an e x a m p l e of t h e m e t h o d reflected in new claims 81-86 is s h o w n in Figures 4e a n d 4f a n d d e s c r i b e d at p a g e 20, line 14, t h r o u g h p a g e 22, line 5.

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Section 112. Second Paragraph
Claims 1-6 a n d 8-80 are rejected u n d e r Section 112, second p a r a g r a p h , as b e i n g indefinite for failing to p a r t i c u l a r l y p o i n t o u t a n d distinctly claim the subject m a t t e r w h i c h applicants r e g a r d as the invention. With respect to i n d e p e n d e n t claims 1, 31, 37, 66, and 73, the Examiner has s t a t e d t h a t the p h r a s e "internal collective representation" is v a g u e a n d a m b i g u o u s . A p p l i c a n t s first note t h a t claim 31 does n o t recite the l i m i t a t i o n of an " i n t e r n a l collective representation." Applicants r e s p e c t f u l l y s u b m i t t h a t the recited "internal collective representation" is sufficiently definite as t h e claim clearly indicates t h a t the "internal collective representation" is for the collection of d o c u m e n t s , a n d t h a t the "internal collective r e p r e s e n t a t i o n " is b a s e d on the i n t e r n a l representations for the first and second d o c u m e n t s . Thus, the collection of d o c u m e n t s a n d each of the first a n d s e c o n d d o c u m e n t s h a v e an i n t e r n a l r e p r e s e n t a t i o n , w h e r e i n the i n t e r n a l r e p r e s e n t a t i o n for the collection of d o c u m e n t s is t e r m e d the " i n t e r n a l collective representation." Applicants n o t e t h a t the Examiner has n o t rejected the u s e of the p h r a s e "internal r e p r e s e n t a t i o n s for the first a n d s e c o n d documents," a n d a p p l i c a n t s therefore believe t h a t a p p l i c a n t s ' e x p l a n a t i o n of the distinction m a d e by the claim b e t w e e n the "internal r e p r e s e n t a t i o n s " a n d t h e "internal collective r e p r e s e n t a t i o n " i n d i c a t e s t h a t the claims are sufficiently definite for the p u r p o s e s of Section 112, s e c o n d paragraph. The Examiner f u r t h e r rejects the claims d e p e n d i n g from claim 1 b a s e d on the existence of the disjunctive "or" in the claim. The Examiner s t a t e s t h a t t h o s e d e p e n d e n t claims t h a t refer back to the step of d e t e r m i n i n g an "internal collective representation" recited in claim 1 lack a n t e c e d e n t basis for t h o s e instances w h e r e a u s e r d e f i n e d specification is i n s t e a d d e t e r m i n e d .

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Applicants respectfully s u b m i t t h a t the r e q u i r e m e n t of a n t e c e d e n t b a s i s m e r e l y r e q u i r e s t h a t an element be i n t r o d u c e d by an i n d e f i n i t e article p r i o r to b e i n g referred to by a definite article. Claim 1 clearly uses an indefinite article-- "an"-- to i n t r o d u c e t h e e l e m e n t of " i n t e r n a l collective representation." Regardless of w h e t h e r an " i n t e r n a l collective representation" or a "user d e f i n e d specification" is d e t e r m i n e d , t h e e l e m e n t " i n t e r n a l collective r e p r e s e n t a t i o n " h a s b e e n i n t r o d u c e d by an indefinite article to p r o v i d e an a n t e c e d e n t basis for the d e p e n d e n t claims. Section 102 Claims 1-6, 11-33,37-68, and 70-80 are rejected u n d e r Sections 102(a) a n d 102(e) as a n t i c i p a t e d by Levine. Applicants respectfully s u b m i t t h a t the claims are n o t a n t i c i p a t e d by Levine. As a p p l i c a n t s h a v e p r e v i o u s l y s t a t e d , Levine discloses n o t h i n g m o r e t h a n a "dumb" stack of s t a m p s w h i c h may be treated as a g r o u p . Levine discloses t h a t an aligned stack of s t a m p s 70 may be formed by u s i n g a "touch a n d move" o p e r a t i o n to b r i n g a first s t a m p w i t h i n a p r e d e f i n e d d i s t a n c e of a s e c o n d s t a m p . (Levine, col. 12, lines 25-44; Figure 3 of the Drawings). L a r g e r stacks are f o r m e d by a u s e r p e r f o r m i n g m u l t i p l e "touch a n d move" o p e r a t i o n s . (Levine, col. 12, lines 25-28). Thus, any "organization" or r e l a t i o n s h i p t h a t the s t a m p s of an aligned stack may be s a i d to h a v e w i t h one a n o t h e r is p r o v i d e d by the u s e r who creates the stack. The s y s t e m disclosed by Levine uses a d o u b l y linked list 92 for s t o r i n g the a t t r i b u t e s of e a c h data s t r u c t u r e d i s p l a y e d in the d e s k view 32. (Levine, col. 25, lines 50-52; Figure 5a of the Drawings). Each object to be d i s p l a y e d i n the d e s k v i e w t h u s has a c o r r e s p o n d i n g e n t r y 94 in the d o u b l y l i n k e d list 92 of t h e d e s k database. The d e s k application r o u t i n e d e t e r m i n e s the a t t r i b u t e s of

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the object to be m a n i p u l a t e d in the desk v i e w by looking up the c o r r e s p o n d i n g e n t r y of linked list 92, a n d the d e s k a p p l i c a t i o n r o u t i n e m a n i p u l a t e s the object as i n d i c a t e d by the r e q u e s t e d p r o c e s s a n d the a t t r i b u t e s of the object's d a t a structure. (Levine, cols. 25-29, Figures 5-7 of the d r a w i n g s . ) While the d a t a s t r u c t u r e a t t r i b u t e s s t o r e d in each e n t r y 94 of the l i n k e d list 92 m a y be s a i d to "represent" the d a t a s t r u c t u r e i n d i c a t e d by the e n t r y 94, s u c h d a t a s t r u c t u r e a t t r i b u t e s are clearly not b a s e d on the c o n t e n t s of the d a t a s t r u c t u r e i n d i c a t e d by the e n t r y 94. For t h e s e reasons, applicants s u b m i t t h a t Levine fails to a n t i c i p a t e i n d e p e n d e n t claim 1, w h i c h recites the following limitation: d e t e r m i n i n g for s a i d collection at l e a s t one of (a) an i n t e r n a l collective r e p r e s e n t a t i o n or (b) a u s e r d e f i n e d specification, w h e r e i n s a i d i n t e r n a l collective r e p r e s e n t a t i o n is b a s e d on i n t e r n a l r e p r e s e n t a t i o n s of s a i d first and s e c o n d d o c u m e n t s Levine d o e s n o t disclose e i t h e r an "an i n t e r n a l collective r e p r e s e n t a t i o n " or a "user d e f i n e d specification" for an aligned stack. A p p l i c a n t s f u r t h e r s u b m i t t h a t Levine f u r t h e r fails to disclose the s t e p of d i s p l a y i n g a b a s e for s a i d collection as recited by claim 2. Levine therefore fails to a n t i c i p a t e claim 3 w h i c h recites t h a t the collection of d o c u m e n t s is selected by p o s i t i o n i n g s a i d cursor over s a i d base. Claim 14 recites s i m i l a r l i m i t a t i o n s as claim 2. As Levine does n o t disclose a n y t y p e of i n t e r n a l r e p r e s e n t a t i o n of a d o c u m e n t b a s e d on the contents of the d o c u m e n t , Levine clearly fails to anticipate the t y p e s of i n t e r n a l r e p r e s e n t a t i o n c l a i m e d by claims 8 , 9 , 10, a n d 27. A p p l i c a n t s respectfully disagree w i t h the Examiner's a p p l i c a t i o n of F i g u r e 6 of Levine to claim 4. Figure 6 of Levine s h o w s the p r o c e s s u n d e r t a k e n by the s u p e r v i s o r t a s k 15, w h i c h is responsible for m a i n t a i n i n g the d i s p l a y of d e s k v i e w 32. The s u p e r v i s o r task 15 is n o t r e s p o n s i b l e for

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organizing collection of documents, and the only disclosed m e t h o d for forming a collection or stack of s t a m p s is for the u s e r to p e r f o r m m u l t i p l e "touch a n d move" operations. Levine therefore fails to a n t i c i p a t e claim 4. As Levine only discloses the creation of aligned stacks of s t a m p s by m u l t i p l e "touch a n d move" o p e r a t i o n s , a p p l i c a n t s s u b m i t t h a t Levine d o e s n o t disclose the following limitation of i n d e p e n d e n t claim 31: creating a collection of d o c u m e n t s comprising at least a s e c o n d d o c u m e n t a n d s a i d first document, w h e r e i n said step of creating a collection comprises indicating to said c o m p u t e r s y s t e m t h a t a collection of d o c u m e n t s is to be created using s a i d first d o c u m e n t as a s a m p l e d o c u m e n t for said collection of d o c u m e n t s , a n d w h e r e i n s a i d c o m p u t e r s y s t e m searches said first p l u r a l i t y of d o c u m e n t s b a s e d on s a i d first d o c u m e n t to find said second d o c u m e n t A p p l i c a n t s h a v e a m e n d e d claim 31 to b e t t e r identify the m a n n e r in w h i c h s a i d first d o c u m e n t is a "sample document." Applicants therefore s u b m i t t h a t a m e n d e d claim 31 is not anticipated by Levine. W i t h r e s p e c t to the Examiner's assertions t h a t "[a]ny first d o c u m e n t is i n h e r e n t l y a s a m p l e for the p u r p o s e of p o r t r a y i n g the p r e s e n c e of the c r e a t e d collection" a n d t h a t "[a]ny d o c u m e n t retrieval o p e r a t i o n is i n h e r e n t l y a s e a r c h i n g operation," applicants respectfully s u b m i t t h a t the Examiner has m i s a p p r e h e n d e d the subject m a t t e r of claim 31. As s t a t e d in the p r e a m b l e of claim 31, claim 31 recites a "method for o r g a n i z i n g information." W h e r e i n a s t e p of "displaying a graphical r e p r e s e n t a t i o n of said collection" is recited, the s t e p of creating the collection of d o c u m e n t s is a s e p a r a t e s t e p w h e r e i n the first d o c u m e n t is u s e d as a s a m p l e d o c u m e n t to find the s e c o n d d o c u m e n t of t h e collection. Levine fails to explicitly or i n h e r e n t l y disclose s u c h a step. In a d d i t i o n to reciting the above-cited step of i n d e p e n d e n t claim I, claim 73 f u r t h e r recites the following limitation:

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determining an i n t e r n a l r e p r e s e n t a t i o n of each d o c u m e n t of a p l u r a l i t y of d o c u m e n t s , each said internal r e p r e s e n t a t i o n b e i n g b a s e d on the c o n t e n t of the c o r r e s p o n d i n g d o c u m e n t A p p l i c a n t s respectfully s u b m i t t h a t Levine fails to disclose this step. A s s u m i n g a r g u e n d o t h a t the Examiner has correctly c h a r a c t e r i z e d t h e d o c t y p e field 98 a n d the d o c u m e n t base n a m e field 102 disclosed by Levine as i n d i c a t i v e of the " s t r u c t u r a l contents" of the d o c u m e n t , a p p l i c a n t s s u b m i t t h a t t h e s e fields are clearly n o t b a s e d on the contents of the d o c u m e n t . For example, the d o c t y p e field 98 will be the same for all d o c u m e n t s of the s a m e t y p e , r e g a r d l e s s of the contents of the document. The r e m a i n i n g claims e i t h e r d e p e n d from or recite s i m i l a r l i m i t a t i o n s as described above. Applicants therefore s u b m i t t h a t claims 1-6 a n d 8-80 are n o t a n t i c i p a t e d by Levine. Applicants respectfully s u b m i t t h a t d e p e n d e n t claims t h a t h a v e n o t b e e n s e p a r a t e l y d i s t i n g u i s h e d o v e r Levine s i m i l a r l y i n c l u d e n o v e l features n o t disclosed by Levine.

Section 103 Claims 1-6 a n d 8-80 are rejected as obvious in v i e w of the c o m b i n a t i o n of Levine a n d Vale. Applicants s u b m i t t h a t the claims are n o t o b v i o u s in v i e w of the Examiner's combination of the cited references. Vale discloses a m e t h o d for m a n a g i n g i n d e x entries d u r i n g the creation, revision, a n d assembly of a document. (Vale, the Abstract). The t y p e of "index" referred to by Vale includes k e y w o r d s a n d the p a g e n u m b e r s of the d o c u m e n t w h e r e i n each k e y w o r d may be found. (Vale, col. 1). Vale discloses "master" indices, each of w h i c h may contain i n d e x e n t r i e s from m u l t i p l e d o c u m e n t s . (Vale, col. 4; Figure 7 of the Drawings). Figure 7 of Vale clearly s h o w s t h a t each index is itself a s e p a r a t e d o c u m e n t .

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04860.P624C

724 FH 240 APMW0025551

In m a k i n g the combination of Vale a n d Levine, the Examiner first i n t e r p r e t e d the claim e l e m e n t "internal collective r e p r e s e n t a t i o n " to m e a n " w o r d tables." The Examiner s t a t e d t h a t Levine discloses the use of an i n t e r n a l collective r e p r e s e n t a t i o n , and t h a t Vale discloses the use of " w o r d tables" as an i n t e r n a l collective r e p r e s e n t a t i o n . As s t a t e d above, applicants s u b m i t t h a t Levine does n o t disclose t h e use of an i n t e r n a l collective representation. Vale does n o t disclose c r e a t i n g a collection of d o c u m e n t s , a n d the indices t a u g h t by Vale-- i n c l u d i n g the m a s t e r Indices-- are themselves d o c u m e n t s t h a t merel